Sun protection practices in New Zealand secondary schools: a 2014 baseline study
Guided by the established primary school SunSmart programme, a survey of secondary schools' sun protection policies, planning, behavioural expectations, curriculum content and environment was undertaken in order to establish a baseline to inform advocacy and secondary level programme developmen...
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| Published in: | Preventive medicine reports Vol. 3; pp. 257 - 263 |
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| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Language: | English |
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01.06.2016
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| ISSN: | 2211-3355, 2211-3355 |
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| Abstract | Guided by the established primary school SunSmart programme, a survey of secondary schools' sun protection policies, planning, behavioural expectations, curriculum content and environment was undertaken in order to establish a baseline to inform advocacy and secondary level programme development.
All 448 principals of state or state integrated public secondary schools identified from the Ministry of Education database were mailed a hard copy questionnaire. School sun protection practices were assessed and a summative, non-weighted, 11-item Total Sun Protection Score (TSPS) was created. Associations between TSPS and socio-demographic factors, as well as school sun protection policy, were investigated using unadjusted and multiple linear regressions.
Usable responses received from 211 of the 448 schools (47% participation) indicated reasonable representativeness of eligible schools, but under-representation of low socioeconomic decile institutions (p=0.003) and those with the smallest roll size (p=0.004). Only 50% of schools reported having a sun protection policy. The least attained TSPS components were outdoor event planning (17.1%), student breaks (16.6%), sun-protective clothing (8.5%) and shade provision (6.2%). The mean (SD) TSPS was 4.58 (2.06). In multivariable analysis, TSPS was statistically significantly positively associated with having a sun protection policy (p<0.001) and the presence of primary level classes (p<0.001) — the latter suggesting a possible influence of programme continuity, but negatively associated with integrated school status (p=0.036).
A standard SunSmart programme could be promoted to all schools, irrespective of socioeconomic decile, overall roll size, gender status or regional population density. Low attainment of some TSPS components indicates targeting priorities.
•Sun-protection practices of 211 secondary schools were assessed.•Event planning, breaks, clothing and shade criteria were least likely met.•A summative, non-weighted Total Sun Protection (TSP) score was created.•TSP score was associated with having a sun protection policy and primary classes.•A standard SunSmart programme could be promoted irrespective of school demographics. |
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| AbstractList | •
Sun-protection practices of 211 secondary schools were
assessed.
•
Event planning, breaks, clothing and shade criteria were
least likely met.
•
A summative, non-weighted Total Sun Protection (TSP) score
was created.
•
TSP score was associated with having a sun protection
policy and primary classes.
•
A standard SunSmart programme could be promoted
irrespective of school demographics. Guided by the established primary school SunSmart programme, a survey of secondary schools' sun protection policies, planning, behavioural expectations, curriculum content and environment was undertaken in order to establish a baseline to inform advocacy and secondary level programme development. All 448 principals of state or state integrated public secondary schools identified from the Ministry of Education database were mailed a hard copy questionnaire. School sun protection practices were assessed and a summative, non-weighted, 11-item Total Sun Protection Score (TSPS) was created. Associations between TSPS and socio-demographic factors, as well as school sun protection policy, were investigated using unadjusted and multiple linear regressions. Usable responses received from 211 of the 448 schools (47% participation) indicated reasonable representativeness of eligible schools, but under-representation of low socioeconomic decile institutions (p=0.003) and those with the smallest roll size (p=0.004). Only 50% of schools reported having a sun protection policy. The least attained TSPS components were outdoor event planning (17.1%), student breaks (16.6%), sun-protective clothing (8.5%) and shade provision (6.2%). The mean (SD) TSPS was 4.58 (2.06). In multivariable analysis, TSPS was statistically significantly positively associated with having a sun protection policy (p<0.001) and the presence of primary level classes (p<0.001) — the latter suggesting a possible influence of programme continuity, but negatively associated with integrated school status (p=0.036). A standard SunSmart programme could be promoted to all schools, irrespective of socioeconomic decile, overall roll size, gender status or regional population density. Low attainment of some TSPS components indicates targeting priorities. •Sun-protection practices of 211 secondary schools were assessed.•Event planning, breaks, clothing and shade criteria were least likely met.•A summative, non-weighted Total Sun Protection (TSP) score was created.•TSP score was associated with having a sun protection policy and primary classes.•A standard SunSmart programme could be promoted irrespective of school demographics. Guided by the established primary school SunSmart programme, a survey of secondary schools' sun protection policies, planning, behavioural expectations, curriculum content and environment was undertaken in order to establish a baseline to inform advocacy and secondary level programme development. All 448 principals of state or state integrated public secondary schools identified from the Ministry of Education database were mailed a hard copy questionnaire. School sun protection practices were assessed and a summative, non-weighted, 11-item Total Sun Protection Score (TSPS) was created. Associations between TSPS and socio-demographic factors, as well as school sun protection policy, were investigated using unadjusted and multiple linear regressions. Usable responses received from 211 of the 448 schools (47% participation) indicated reasonable representativeness of eligible schools, but under-representation of low socioeconomic decile institutions (p = 0.003) and those with the smallest roll size (p = 0.004). Only 50% of schools reported having a sun protection policy. The least attained TSPS components were outdoor event planning (17.1%), student breaks (16.6%), sun-protective clothing (8.5%) and shade provision (6.2%). The mean (SD) TSPS was 4.58 (2.06). In multivariable analysis, TSPS was statistically significantly positively associated with having a sun protection policy (p < 0.001) and the presence of primary level classes (p < 0.001) - the latter suggesting a possible influence of programme continuity, but negatively associated with integrated school status (p = 0.036). A standard SunSmart programme could be promoted to all schools, irrespective of socioeconomic decile, overall roll size, gender status or regional population density. Low attainment of some TSPS components indicates targeting priorities. Abstract Objective Guided by the established primary school SunSmart programme, a survey of secondary schools' sun protection policies, planning, behavioural expectations, curriculum content and environment was undertaken in order to establish a baseline to inform advocacy and secondary level programme development. Methods All 448 principals of state or state integrated public secondary schools identified from the Ministry of Education database were mailed a hard copy questionnaire. School sun protection practices were assessed and a summative, non-weighted, 11-item Total Sun Protection Score (TSPS) was created. Associations between TSPS and socio-demographic factors, as well as school sun protection policy, were investigated using unadjusted and multiple linear regressions. Results Usable responses received from 211 of the 448 schools (47% participation) indicated reasonable representativeness of eligible schools, but under-representation of low socioeconomic decile institutions ( p = 0.003) and those with the smallest roll size ( p = 0.004). Only 50% of schools reported having a sun protection policy. The least attained TSPS components were outdoor event planning (17.1%), student breaks (16.6%), sun-protective clothing (8.5%) and shade provision (6.2%). The mean (SD) TSPS was 4.58 (2.06). In multivariable analysis, TSPS was statistically significantly positively associated with having a sun protection policy ( p < 0.001) and the presence of primary level classes ( p < 0.001) — the latter suggesting a possible influence of programme continuity, but negatively associated with integrated school status ( p = 0.036). Conclusion A standard SunSmart programme could be promoted to all schools, irrespective of socioeconomic decile, overall roll size, gender status or regional population density. Low attainment of some TSPS components indicates targeting priorities. Guided by the established primary school SunSmart programme, a survey of secondary schools' sun protection policies, planning, behavioural expectations, curriculum content and environment was undertaken in order to establish a baseline to inform advocacy and secondary level programme development.OBJECTIVEGuided by the established primary school SunSmart programme, a survey of secondary schools' sun protection policies, planning, behavioural expectations, curriculum content and environment was undertaken in order to establish a baseline to inform advocacy and secondary level programme development.All 448 principals of state or state integrated public secondary schools identified from the Ministry of Education database were mailed a hard copy questionnaire. School sun protection practices were assessed and a summative, non-weighted, 11-item Total Sun Protection Score (TSPS) was created. Associations between TSPS and socio-demographic factors, as well as school sun protection policy, were investigated using unadjusted and multiple linear regressions.METHODSAll 448 principals of state or state integrated public secondary schools identified from the Ministry of Education database were mailed a hard copy questionnaire. School sun protection practices were assessed and a summative, non-weighted, 11-item Total Sun Protection Score (TSPS) was created. Associations between TSPS and socio-demographic factors, as well as school sun protection policy, were investigated using unadjusted and multiple linear regressions.Usable responses received from 211 of the 448 schools (47% participation) indicated reasonable representativeness of eligible schools, but under-representation of low socioeconomic decile institutions (p = 0.003) and those with the smallest roll size (p = 0.004). Only 50% of schools reported having a sun protection policy. The least attained TSPS components were outdoor event planning (17.1%), student breaks (16.6%), sun-protective clothing (8.5%) and shade provision (6.2%). The mean (SD) TSPS was 4.58 (2.06). In multivariable analysis, TSPS was statistically significantly positively associated with having a sun protection policy (p < 0.001) and the presence of primary level classes (p < 0.001) - the latter suggesting a possible influence of programme continuity, but negatively associated with integrated school status (p = 0.036).RESULTSUsable responses received from 211 of the 448 schools (47% participation) indicated reasonable representativeness of eligible schools, but under-representation of low socioeconomic decile institutions (p = 0.003) and those with the smallest roll size (p = 0.004). Only 50% of schools reported having a sun protection policy. The least attained TSPS components were outdoor event planning (17.1%), student breaks (16.6%), sun-protective clothing (8.5%) and shade provision (6.2%). The mean (SD) TSPS was 4.58 (2.06). In multivariable analysis, TSPS was statistically significantly positively associated with having a sun protection policy (p < 0.001) and the presence of primary level classes (p < 0.001) - the latter suggesting a possible influence of programme continuity, but negatively associated with integrated school status (p = 0.036).A standard SunSmart programme could be promoted to all schools, irrespective of socioeconomic decile, overall roll size, gender status or regional population density. Low attainment of some TSPS components indicates targeting priorities.CONCLUSIONA standard SunSmart programme could be promoted to all schools, irrespective of socioeconomic decile, overall roll size, gender status or regional population density. Low attainment of some TSPS components indicates targeting priorities. |
| Author | Iosua, E.E. McNoe, B.M. Reeder, A.I. |
| AuthorAffiliation | b Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago School of Medicine, Dunedin, New Zealand a Cancer Society of New Zealand Social & Behavioural Research Unit, Department of Preventive & Social Medicine, University of Otago School of Medicine, Dunedin, New Zealand |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: a Cancer Society of New Zealand Social & Behavioural Research Unit, Department of Preventive & Social Medicine, University of Otago School of Medicine, Dunedin, New Zealand – name: b Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago School of Medicine, Dunedin, New Zealand |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: A.I. surname: Reeder fullname: Reeder, A.I. email: tony.reeder@otago.ac.nz organization: Cancer Society of New Zealand Social & Behavioural Research Unit, Department of Preventive & Social Medicine, University of Otago School of Medicine, Dunedin, New Zealand – sequence: 2 givenname: B.M. surname: McNoe fullname: McNoe, B.M. organization: Cancer Society of New Zealand Social & Behavioural Research Unit, Department of Preventive & Social Medicine, University of Otago School of Medicine, Dunedin, New Zealand – sequence: 3 givenname: E.E. surname: Iosua fullname: Iosua, E.E. organization: Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago School of Medicine, Dunedin, New Zealand |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ypmed_2020_106125 crossref_primary_10_1111_bjd_15510 crossref_primary_10_1155_2021_6625761 crossref_primary_10_1007_s13187_020_01889_w crossref_primary_10_1111_1753_6405_12987 crossref_primary_10_1111_josh_12884 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1093/her/cyt105 10.1071/HE08086 10.1002/ijc.28031 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1999.tb07999.x 10.1016/j.jaad.2005.11.1030 10.1093/her/15.3.249 10.1093/her/cyq070 10.1067/mjd.2002.121034 10.1001/archdermatol.2007.46 10.1023/A:1008980919928 10.1093/her/cys092 |
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| Keywords | Secondary schools Survey questionnaire Sun protection Skin cancer prevention |
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| Snippet | Guided by the established primary school SunSmart programme, a survey of secondary schools' sun protection policies, planning, behavioural expectations,... Abstract Objective Guided by the established primary school SunSmart programme, a survey of secondary schools' sun protection policies, planning, behavioural... • Sun-protection practices of 211 secondary schools were assessed. • Event planning, breaks, clothing and shade criteria were least likely met. • A summative,... |
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| SubjectTerms | Internal Medicine Research paper Secondary schools Skin cancer prevention Sun protection Survey questionnaire |
| Title | Sun protection practices in New Zealand secondary schools: a 2014 baseline study |
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