Long‐term climate and competition explain forest mortality patterns under extreme drought

Rising temperatures are amplifying drought‐induced stress and mortality in forests globally. It remains uncertain, however, whether tree mortality across drought‐stricken landscapes will be concentrated in particular climatic and competitive environments. We investigated the effects of long‐term ave...

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Vydáno v:	Ecology letters Ročník 20; číslo 1; s. 78 - 86
Hlavní autoři:	Young, Derek J. N., Stevens, Jens T., Earles, J. Mason, Moore, Jeffrey, Ellis, Adam, Jirka, Amy L., Latimer, Andrew M., Lloret, Francisco
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	England Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.01.2017
Témata:	Aerial surveys California Climate Climate Change Climate effects climatic water deficit Competition Dead wood Drought Droughts Extreme drought forest Forest management Forests Landscape landscapes Longevity Mortality Mortality patterns Seasons stand basal area stress surveys temperature tree tree mortality Trees Trees - physiology Water deficit California climatic water deficit stress forest drought mortality tree competition California climate
ISSN:	1461-023X, 1461-0248, 1461-0248
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Shrnutí:	Rising temperatures are amplifying drought‐induced stress and mortality in forests globally. It remains uncertain, however, whether tree mortality across drought‐stricken landscapes will be concentrated in particular climatic and competitive environments. We investigated the effects of long‐term average climate [i.e. 35‐year mean annual climatic water deficit (CWD)] and competition (i.e. tree basal area) on tree mortality patterns, using extensive aerial mortality surveys conducted throughout the forests of California during a 4‐year statewide extreme drought lasting from 2012 to 2015. During this period, tree mortality increased by an order of magnitude, typically from tens to hundreds of dead trees per km2, rising dramatically during the fourth year of drought. Mortality rates increased independently with average CWD and with basal area, and they increased disproportionately in areas that were both dry and dense. These results can assist forest managers and policy‐makers in identifying the most drought‐vulnerable forests across broad geographic areas.
Bibliografie:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23
ISSN:	1461-023X 1461-0248 1461-0248
DOI:	10.1111/ele.12711