A tryptophan metabolite of the skin microbiota attenuates inflammation in patients with atopic dermatitis through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor

Previous studies have revealed significant alterations in the skin microbiota of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) not only in diversity and composition but also in function, and the tryptophan (Trp) metabolic pathway is attenuated in the skin microbiota of patients with AD. We sought to assess T...

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Published in:Journal of allergy and clinical immunology Vol. 143; no. 6; pp. 2108 - 2119.e12
Main Authors: Yu, Jinlei, Luo, Yang, Zhu, Zhenlai, Zhou, Yufeng, Sun, Licheng, Gao, Jixin, Sun, Jinlv, Wang, Gang, Yao, Xu, Li, Wei
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.06.2019
Elsevier Limited
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ISSN:0091-6749, 1097-6825, 1097-6825
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Abstract Previous studies have revealed significant alterations in the skin microbiota of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) not only in diversity and composition but also in function, and the tryptophan (Trp) metabolic pathway is attenuated in the skin microbiota of patients with AD. We sought to assess Trp metabolites on the skin surfaces of patients with AD and to explore the function of the microbial Trp metabolites in skin inflammation in patients with AD. A gel-patch method was developed to collect metabolites on the skin surface, which were then assessed by using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. A mouse model of calcipotriol (MC903)–induced AD-like dermatitis was used to evaluate the effects of microbial metabolites on AD, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)–null mice and keratinocyte cultures were used to investigate the mechanism. Major microbial metabolites of Trp were detected on the skin surfaces of healthy subjects, and the level of indole-3-aldehyde (IAId), an indole derivative of Trp catabolism, was significantly lower in lesional and nonlesional skin of patients with AD than that of healthy subjects. IAId significantly attenuated skin inflammation in mice with MC903-induced AD-like dermatitis, and this effect was blocked by an AhR antagonist and abolished in AhR-null mice. Furthermore, IAId was found to inhibit the MC903-induced expression of thymic stromal lymphopoietin in keratinocytes in vivo and in vitro, which was mediated by binding of AhR to the thymic stromal lymphopoietin promoter. IAId, a skin microbiota–derived Trp metabolite, negatively regulated skin inflammation in patients with AD, revealing that skin microbiota play a significant functional role in the pathogenesis of AD. [Display omitted]
AbstractList BackgroundPrevious studies have revealed significant alterations in the skin microbiota of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) not only in diversity and composition but also in function, and the tryptophan (Trp) metabolic pathway is attenuated in the skin microbiota of patients with AD.ObjectiveWe sought to assess Trp metabolites on the skin surfaces of patients with AD and to explore the function of the microbial Trp metabolites in skin inflammation in patients with AD.MethodsA gel-patch method was developed to collect metabolites on the skin surface, which were then assessed by using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. A mouse model of calcipotriol (MC903)–induced AD-like dermatitis was used to evaluate the effects of microbial metabolites on AD, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)–null mice and keratinocyte cultures were used to investigate the mechanism.ResultsMajor microbial metabolites of Trp were detected on the skin surfaces of healthy subjects, and the level of indole-3-aldehyde (IAId), an indole derivative of Trp catabolism, was significantly lower in lesional and nonlesional skin of patients with AD than that of healthy subjects. IAId significantly attenuated skin inflammation in mice with MC903-induced AD-like dermatitis, and this effect was blocked by an AhR antagonist and abolished in AhR-null mice. Furthermore, IAId was found to inhibit the MC903-induced expression of thymic stromal lymphopoietin in keratinocytes in vivo and in vitro, which was mediated by binding of AhR to the thymic stromal lymphopoietin promoter.ConclusionIAId, a skin microbiota–derived Trp metabolite, negatively regulated skin inflammation in patients with AD, revealing that skin microbiota play a significant functional role in the pathogenesis of AD.
Previous studies have revealed significant alterations in the skin microbiota of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) not only in diversity and composition but also in function, and the tryptophan (Trp) metabolic pathway is attenuated in the skin microbiota of patients with AD.BACKGROUNDPrevious studies have revealed significant alterations in the skin microbiota of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) not only in diversity and composition but also in function, and the tryptophan (Trp) metabolic pathway is attenuated in the skin microbiota of patients with AD.We sought to assess Trp metabolites on the skin surfaces of patients with AD and to explore the function of the microbial Trp metabolites in skin inflammation in patients with AD.OBJECTIVEWe sought to assess Trp metabolites on the skin surfaces of patients with AD and to explore the function of the microbial Trp metabolites in skin inflammation in patients with AD.A gel-patch method was developed to collect metabolites on the skin surface, which were then assessed by using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. A mouse model of calcipotriol (MC903)-induced AD-like dermatitis was used to evaluate the effects of microbial metabolites on AD, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-null mice and keratinocyte cultures were used to investigate the mechanism.METHODSA gel-patch method was developed to collect metabolites on the skin surface, which were then assessed by using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. A mouse model of calcipotriol (MC903)-induced AD-like dermatitis was used to evaluate the effects of microbial metabolites on AD, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-null mice and keratinocyte cultures were used to investigate the mechanism.Major microbial metabolites of Trp were detected on the skin surfaces of healthy subjects, and the level of indole-3-aldehyde (IAId), an indole derivative of Trp catabolism, was significantly lower in lesional and nonlesional skin of patients with AD than that of healthy subjects. IAId significantly attenuated skin inflammation in mice with MC903-induced AD-like dermatitis, and this effect was blocked by an AhR antagonist and abolished in AhR-null mice. Furthermore, IAId was found to inhibit the MC903-induced expression of thymic stromal lymphopoietin in keratinocytes in vivo and in vitro, which was mediated by binding of AhR to the thymic stromal lymphopoietin promoter.RESULTSMajor microbial metabolites of Trp were detected on the skin surfaces of healthy subjects, and the level of indole-3-aldehyde (IAId), an indole derivative of Trp catabolism, was significantly lower in lesional and nonlesional skin of patients with AD than that of healthy subjects. IAId significantly attenuated skin inflammation in mice with MC903-induced AD-like dermatitis, and this effect was blocked by an AhR antagonist and abolished in AhR-null mice. Furthermore, IAId was found to inhibit the MC903-induced expression of thymic stromal lymphopoietin in keratinocytes in vivo and in vitro, which was mediated by binding of AhR to the thymic stromal lymphopoietin promoter.IAId, a skin microbiota-derived Trp metabolite, negatively regulated skin inflammation in patients with AD, revealing that skin microbiota play a significant functional role in the pathogenesis of AD.CONCLUSIONIAId, a skin microbiota-derived Trp metabolite, negatively regulated skin inflammation in patients with AD, revealing that skin microbiota play a significant functional role in the pathogenesis of AD.
Previous studies have revealed significant alterations in the skin microbiota of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) not only in diversity and composition but also in function, and the tryptophan (Trp) metabolic pathway is attenuated in the skin microbiota of patients with AD. We sought to assess Trp metabolites on the skin surfaces of patients with AD and to explore the function of the microbial Trp metabolites in skin inflammation in patients with AD. A gel-patch method was developed to collect metabolites on the skin surface, which were then assessed by using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. A mouse model of calcipotriol (MC903)-induced AD-like dermatitis was used to evaluate the effects of microbial metabolites on AD, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-null mice and keratinocyte cultures were used to investigate the mechanism. Major microbial metabolites of Trp were detected on the skin surfaces of healthy subjects, and the level of indole-3-aldehyde (IAId), an indole derivative of Trp catabolism, was significantly lower in lesional and nonlesional skin of patients with AD than that of healthy subjects. IAId significantly attenuated skin inflammation in mice with MC903-induced AD-like dermatitis, and this effect was blocked by an AhR antagonist and abolished in AhR-null mice. Furthermore, IAId was found to inhibit the MC903-induced expression of thymic stromal lymphopoietin in keratinocytes in vivo and in vitro, which was mediated by binding of AhR to the thymic stromal lymphopoietin promoter. IAId, a skin microbiota-derived Trp metabolite, negatively regulated skin inflammation in patients with AD, revealing that skin microbiota play a significant functional role in the pathogenesis of AD.
Previous studies have revealed significant alterations in the skin microbiota of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) not only in diversity and composition but also in function, and the tryptophan (Trp) metabolic pathway is attenuated in the skin microbiota of patients with AD. We sought to assess Trp metabolites on the skin surfaces of patients with AD and to explore the function of the microbial Trp metabolites in skin inflammation in patients with AD. A gel-patch method was developed to collect metabolites on the skin surface, which were then assessed by using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. A mouse model of calcipotriol (MC903)–induced AD-like dermatitis was used to evaluate the effects of microbial metabolites on AD, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)–null mice and keratinocyte cultures were used to investigate the mechanism. Major microbial metabolites of Trp were detected on the skin surfaces of healthy subjects, and the level of indole-3-aldehyde (IAId), an indole derivative of Trp catabolism, was significantly lower in lesional and nonlesional skin of patients with AD than that of healthy subjects. IAId significantly attenuated skin inflammation in mice with MC903-induced AD-like dermatitis, and this effect was blocked by an AhR antagonist and abolished in AhR-null mice. Furthermore, IAId was found to inhibit the MC903-induced expression of thymic stromal lymphopoietin in keratinocytes in vivo and in vitro, which was mediated by binding of AhR to the thymic stromal lymphopoietin promoter. IAId, a skin microbiota–derived Trp metabolite, negatively regulated skin inflammation in patients with AD, revealing that skin microbiota play a significant functional role in the pathogenesis of AD. [Display omitted]
Author Sun, Jinlv
Zhu, Zhenlai
Sun, Licheng
Gao, Jixin
Li, Wei
Yao, Xu
Zhou, Yufeng
Wang, Gang
Luo, Yang
Yu, Jinlei
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  organization: Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
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  surname: Zhu
  fullname: Zhu, Zhenlai
  organization: Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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  givenname: Yufeng
  surname: Zhou
  fullname: Zhou, Yufeng
  organization: Children's Hospital and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai, China
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  givenname: Licheng
  surname: Sun
  fullname: Sun, Licheng
  organization: Children's Hospital and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai, China
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  organization: Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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  surname: Sun
  fullname: Sun, Jinlv
  organization: Department of Allergy, Peking Union Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
– sequence: 8
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  surname: Wang
  fullname: Wang, Gang
  organization: Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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  surname: Yao
  fullname: Yao, Xu
  email: dryao_xu@126.com
  organization: Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
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  givenname: Wei
  surname: Li
  fullname: Li, Wei
  email: liweiderma@163.com
  organization: Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30578876$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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ContentType Journal Article
Copyright 2018 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology
Copyright © 2018 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
2018. American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology
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ISSN 0091-6749
1097-6825
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Issue 6
Keywords microbiota
DMSO
skin
FACS
aryl hydrocarbon receptor
CHS
LC-MS/MS
Trp
Atopic dermatitis
tryptophan
KYN
AD
TSLP
AhRE
IAA
AhR
siRNA
5-HTP
IMQ
metabolites
SCFA
IAId
thymic stromal lymphopoietin
indole-3-aldehyde
CYP1A1
OXA
Language English
License Copyright © 2018 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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PublicationTitle Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
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Snippet Previous studies have revealed significant alterations in the skin microbiota of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) not only in diversity and composition but...
BackgroundPrevious studies have revealed significant alterations in the skin microbiota of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) not only in diversity and...
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SubjectTerms Animals
aryl hydrocarbon receptor
Atopic dermatitis
Calcitriol - analogs & derivatives
Calcitriol - immunology
Cells, Cultured
Cytokines - metabolism
Dermatitis
Dermatitis, Atopic - drug therapy
Disease Models, Animal
Eczema
Homeostasis
Humans
Hydrocarbons
indole-3-aldehyde
Indoles
Indoles - therapeutic use
Inflammation
Keratinocytes
Keratinocytes - physiology
Ligands
Liquid chromatography
Mass spectroscopy
Metabolic pathways
Metabolism
Metabolites
Mice
Mice, Inbred BALB C
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Mice, Knockout
Microbiota
Microbiota - immunology
Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon - genetics
Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon - metabolism
Skin
Skin - metabolism
Skin - microbiology
Skin diseases
Thymic stromal lymphopoietin
Thymus
Tryptophan
Tryptophan - metabolism
Up-Regulation
Title A tryptophan metabolite of the skin microbiota attenuates inflammation in patients with atopic dermatitis through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor
URI https://www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/1-s2.0-S0091674918327775
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2018.11.036
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30578876
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2235014685
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2159985899
Volume 143
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