Neurofilaments as biomarkers in neurological disorders

Neuroaxonal damage is the pathological substrate of permanent disability in various neurological disorders. Reliable quantification and longitudinal follow-up of such damage are important for assessing disease activity, monitoring treatment responses, facilitating treatment development and determini...

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Vydáno v:	Nature reviews. Neurology Ročník 14; číslo 10; s. 577 - 589
Hlavní autoři:	Khalil, Michael, Teunissen, Charlotte E, Otto, Markus, Piehl, Fredrik, Sormani, Maria Pia, Gattringer, Thomas, Barro, Christian, Kappos, Ludwig, Comabella, Manuel, Fazekas, Franz, Petzold, Axel, Blennow, Kaj, Zetterberg, Henrik, Kuhle, Jens
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	England Nature Publishing Group 01.10.2018
Témata:	Aging - metabolism Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis - diagnosis Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis - metabolism Biomarkers Biomarkers - metabolism Bipolar Disorder - diagnosis Bipolar Disorder - metabolism Brain Injuries, Traumatic - diagnosis Brain Injuries, Traumatic - metabolism Dementia - diagnosis Dementia - metabolism Disease Enzymes Humans Huntington Disease - diagnosis Huntington Disease - metabolism Immunoassay - methods Multiple Sclerosis - diagnosis Multiple Sclerosis - metabolism Neurofilament Proteins - blood Neurofilament Proteins - cerebrospinal fluid Neurofilament Proteins - metabolism Neurological disorders Parkinson Disease - diagnosis Parkinson Disease - metabolism Parkinson's disease Stroke - diagnosis Stroke - metabolism
ISSN:	1759-4758, 1759-4766, 1759-4766
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Shrnutí:	Neuroaxonal damage is the pathological substrate of permanent disability in various neurological disorders. Reliable quantification and longitudinal follow-up of such damage are important for assessing disease activity, monitoring treatment responses, facilitating treatment development and determining prognosis. The neurofilament proteins have promise in this context because their levels rise upon neuroaxonal damage not only in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) but also in blood, and they indicate neuroaxonal injury independent of causal pathways. First-generation (immunoblot) and second-generation (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) neurofilament assays had limited sensitivity. Third-generation (electrochemiluminescence) and particularly fourth-generation (single-molecule array) assays enable the reliable measurement of neurofilaments throughout the range of concentrations found in blood samples. This technological advancement has paved the way to investigate neurofilaments in a range of neurological disorders. Here, we review what is known about the structure and function of neurofilaments, discuss analytical aspects and knowledge of age-dependent normal ranges of neurofilaments and provide a comprehensive overview of studies on neurofilament light chain as a marker of axonal injury in different neurological disorders, including multiple sclerosis, neurodegenerative dementia, stroke, traumatic brain injury, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinson disease. We also consider work needed to explore the value of this axonal damage marker in managing neurological diseases in daily practice.
Bibliografie:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 ObjectType-Literature Review-3 ObjectType-Review-3 content type line 23
ISSN:	1759-4758 1759-4766 1759-4766
DOI:	10.1038/s41582-018-0058-z