Neurofilaments as biomarkers in neurological disorders

Neuroaxonal damage is the pathological substrate of permanent disability in various neurological disorders. Reliable quantification and longitudinal follow-up of such damage are important for assessing disease activity, monitoring treatment responses, facilitating treatment development and determini...

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Veröffentlicht in:Nature reviews. Neurology Jg. 14; H. 10; S. 577 - 589
Hauptverfasser: Khalil, Michael, Teunissen, Charlotte E, Otto, Markus, Piehl, Fredrik, Sormani, Maria Pia, Gattringer, Thomas, Barro, Christian, Kappos, Ludwig, Comabella, Manuel, Fazekas, Franz, Petzold, Axel, Blennow, Kaj, Zetterberg, Henrik, Kuhle, Jens
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: England Nature Publishing Group 01.10.2018
Schlagworte:
Aging - metabolism
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis - diagnosis
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis - metabolism
Biomarkers
Biomarkers - metabolism
Bipolar Disorder - diagnosis
Bipolar Disorder - metabolism
Brain Injuries, Traumatic - diagnosis
Brain Injuries, Traumatic - metabolism
Dementia - diagnosis
Dementia - metabolism
Disease
Enzymes
Humans
Huntington Disease - diagnosis
Huntington Disease - metabolism
Immunoassay - methods
Multiple Sclerosis - diagnosis
Multiple Sclerosis - metabolism
Neurofilament Proteins - blood
Neurofilament Proteins - cerebrospinal fluid
Neurofilament Proteins - metabolism
Neurological disorders
Parkinson Disease - diagnosis
Parkinson Disease - metabolism
Parkinson's disease
Stroke - diagnosis
Stroke - metabolism
ISSN:1759-4758, 1759-4766, 1759-4766
Online-Zugang:Volltext
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Zusammenfassung:Neuroaxonal damage is the pathological substrate of permanent disability in various neurological disorders. Reliable quantification and longitudinal follow-up of such damage are important for assessing disease activity, monitoring treatment responses, facilitating treatment development and determining prognosis. The neurofilament proteins have promise in this context because their levels rise upon neuroaxonal damage not only in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) but also in blood, and they indicate neuroaxonal injury independent of causal pathways. First-generation (immunoblot) and second-generation (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) neurofilament assays had limited sensitivity. Third-generation (electrochemiluminescence) and particularly fourth-generation (single-molecule array) assays enable the reliable measurement of neurofilaments throughout the range of concentrations found in blood samples. This technological advancement has paved the way to investigate neurofilaments in a range of neurological disorders. Here, we review what is known about the structure and function of neurofilaments, discuss analytical aspects and knowledge of age-dependent normal ranges of neurofilaments and provide a comprehensive overview of studies on neurofilament light chain as a marker of axonal injury in different neurological disorders, including multiple sclerosis, neurodegenerative dementia, stroke, traumatic brain injury, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinson disease. We also consider work needed to explore the value of this axonal damage marker in managing neurological diseases in daily practice.
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ISSN:1759-4758
1759-4766
1759-4766
DOI:10.1038/s41582-018-0058-z