A Simple Method for Estimating the Economic Cost of Productivity Loss Due to Blindness and Moderate to Severe Visual Impairment
Purpose: To estimate the annual loss of productivity from blindness and moderate to severe visual impairment (MSVI) using simple models (analogous to how a rapid assessment model relates to a comprehensive model) based on minimum wage (MW) and gross national income (GNI) per capita (US$, 2011). Meth...
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| Vydáno v: | Ophthalmic epidemiology Ročník 22; číslo 5; s. 349 - 355 |
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| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
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England
Informa Healthcare
03.09.2015
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| ISSN: | 0928-6586, 1744-5086, 1744-5086 |
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| Abstract | Purpose: To estimate the annual loss of productivity from blindness and moderate to severe visual impairment (MSVI) using simple models (analogous to how a rapid assessment model relates to a comprehensive model) based on minimum wage (MW) and gross national income (GNI) per capita (US$, 2011).
Methods: Cost of blindness (COB) was calculated for the age group ≥50 years in nine sample countries by assuming the loss of current MW and loss of GNI per capita. It was assumed that all individuals work until 65 years old and that half of visual impairment prevalent in the ≥50 years age group is prevalent in the 50-64 years age group. For cost of MSVI (COMSVI), individual wage and GNI loss of 30% was assumed. Results were compared with the values of the uncorrected refractive error (URE) model of productivity loss.
Results: COB (MW method) ranged from $0.1 billion in Honduras to $2.5 billion in the United States, and COMSVI ranged from $0.1 billion in Honduras to $5.3 billion in the US. COB (GNI method) ranged from $0.1 million in Honduras to $7.8 billion in the US, and COMSVI ranged from $0.1 billion in Honduras to $16.5 billion in the US. Most GNI method values were near equivalent to those of the URE model.
Conclusion: Although most people with blindness and MSVI live in developing countries, the highest productivity losses are in high income countries. The global economy could improve if eye care were made more accessible and more affordable to all. |
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| AbstractList | Purpose: To estimate the annual loss of productivity from blindness and moderate to severe visual impairment (MSVI) using simple models (analogous to how a rapid assessment model relates to a comprehensive model) based on minimum wage (MW) and gross national income (GNI) per capita (US$, 2011).
Methods: Cost of blindness (COB) was calculated for the age group ≥50 years in nine sample countries by assuming the loss of current MW and loss of GNI per capita. It was assumed that all individuals work until 65 years old and that half of visual impairment prevalent in the ≥50 years age group is prevalent in the 50-64 years age group. For cost of MSVI (COMSVI), individual wage and GNI loss of 30% was assumed. Results were compared with the values of the uncorrected refractive error (URE) model of productivity loss.
Results: COB (MW method) ranged from $0.1 billion in Honduras to $2.5 billion in the United States, and COMSVI ranged from $0.1 billion in Honduras to $5.3 billion in the US. COB (GNI method) ranged from $0.1 million in Honduras to $7.8 billion in the US, and COMSVI ranged from $0.1 billion in Honduras to $16.5 billion in the US. Most GNI method values were near equivalent to those of the URE model.
Conclusion: Although most people with blindness and MSVI live in developing countries, the highest productivity losses are in high income countries. The global economy could improve if eye care were made more accessible and more affordable to all. To estimate the annual loss of productivity from blindness and moderate to severe visual impairment (MSVI) using simple models (analogous to how a rapid assessment model relates to a comprehensive model) based on minimum wage (MW) and gross national income (GNI) per capita (US$, 2011).PURPOSETo estimate the annual loss of productivity from blindness and moderate to severe visual impairment (MSVI) using simple models (analogous to how a rapid assessment model relates to a comprehensive model) based on minimum wage (MW) and gross national income (GNI) per capita (US$, 2011).Cost of blindness (COB) was calculated for the age group ≥50 years in nine sample countries by assuming the loss of current MW and loss of GNI per capita. It was assumed that all individuals work until 65 years old and that half of visual impairment prevalent in the ≥50 years age group is prevalent in the 50-64 years age group. For cost of MSVI (COMSVI), individual wage and GNI loss of 30% was assumed. Results were compared with the values of the uncorrected refractive error (URE) model of productivity loss.METHODSCost of blindness (COB) was calculated for the age group ≥50 years in nine sample countries by assuming the loss of current MW and loss of GNI per capita. It was assumed that all individuals work until 65 years old and that half of visual impairment prevalent in the ≥50 years age group is prevalent in the 50-64 years age group. For cost of MSVI (COMSVI), individual wage and GNI loss of 30% was assumed. Results were compared with the values of the uncorrected refractive error (URE) model of productivity loss.COB (MW method) ranged from $0.1 billion in Honduras to $2.5 billion in the United States, and COMSVI ranged from $0.1 billion in Honduras to $5.3 billion in the US. COB (GNI method) ranged from $0.1 million in Honduras to $7.8 billion in the US, and COMSVI ranged from $0.1 billion in Honduras to $16.5 billion in the US. Most GNI method values were near equivalent to those of the URE model.RESULTSCOB (MW method) ranged from $0.1 billion in Honduras to $2.5 billion in the United States, and COMSVI ranged from $0.1 billion in Honduras to $5.3 billion in the US. COB (GNI method) ranged from $0.1 million in Honduras to $7.8 billion in the US, and COMSVI ranged from $0.1 billion in Honduras to $16.5 billion in the US. Most GNI method values were near equivalent to those of the URE model.Although most people with blindness and MSVI live in developing countries, the highest productivity losses are in high income countries. The global economy could improve if eye care were made more accessible and more affordable to all.CONCLUSIONAlthough most people with blindness and MSVI live in developing countries, the highest productivity losses are in high income countries. The global economy could improve if eye care were made more accessible and more affordable to all. To estimate the annual loss of productivity from blindness and moderate to severe visual impairment (MSVI) using simple models (analogous to how a rapid assessment model relates to a comprehensive model) based on minimum wage (MW) and gross national income (GNI) per capita (US$, 2011). Cost of blindness (COB) was calculated for the age group ≥50 years in nine sample countries by assuming the loss of current MW and loss of GNI per capita. It was assumed that all individuals work until 65 years old and that half of visual impairment prevalent in the ≥50 years age group is prevalent in the 50-64 years age group. For cost of MSVI (COMSVI), individual wage and GNI loss of 30% was assumed. Results were compared with the values of the uncorrected refractive error (URE) model of productivity loss. COB (MW method) ranged from $0.1 billion in Honduras to $2.5 billion in the United States, and COMSVI ranged from $0.1 billion in Honduras to $5.3 billion in the US. COB (GNI method) ranged from $0.1 million in Honduras to $7.8 billion in the US, and COMSVI ranged from $0.1 billion in Honduras to $16.5 billion in the US. Most GNI method values were near equivalent to those of the URE model. Although most people with blindness and MSVI live in developing countries, the highest productivity losses are in high income countries. The global economy could improve if eye care were made more accessible and more affordable to all. |
| Author | Wilson, David A. Carter, Marissa J. Resnikoff, Serge Lansingh, Van C. Eckert, Kristen A. Frick, Kevin D. Furtado, João M. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Kristen A. surname: Eckert fullname: Eckert, Kristen A. organization: Strategic Solutions, Inc – sequence: 2 givenname: Marissa J. surname: Carter fullname: Carter, Marissa J. email: mcarter@strategic-solutions-inc.com organization: Strategic Solutions, Inc – sequence: 3 givenname: Van C. surname: Lansingh fullname: Lansingh, Van C. organization: International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness (IAPB) Latin America – sequence: 4 givenname: David A. surname: Wilson fullname: Wilson, David A. organization: Brien Holden Vision Institute (BHVI), University of New South Wales – sequence: 5 givenname: João M. surname: Furtado fullname: Furtado, João M. organization: Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology, and Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo – sequence: 6 givenname: Kevin D. surname: Frick fullname: Frick, Kevin D. organization: Johns Hopkins Carey Business School – sequence: 7 givenname: Serge surname: Resnikoff fullname: Resnikoff, Serge organization: Brien Holden Vision Institute (BHVI), University of New South Wales |
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| Cites_doi | 10.2471/BLT.08.055673 10.1136/bjo.2005.080986 10.1167/iovs.09-4469 10.2471/BLT.12.104034 10.18356/08b807d4-en 10.1136/bjo.2005.084848 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2011-300539 10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.05.025 10.1080/17441692.2011.634815 10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.01.068 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2013.1165 |
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| References | The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) (CIT0013) 2013 Foundation for the Blind (CIT0016) 2012 CIT0001 Brault MW (CIT0010) 2012 Central Intelligence Agency (CIT0012) 2011 Clinton A (CIT0011) 2010 International Labour Organization (CIT0008) 2012 The World Bank (CIT0009) 2012 CIT0003 CIT0014 CIT0002 Disability Statistics & Demographics (CIT0020) 2012 CIT0005 CIT0015 CIT0018 CIT0006 CIT0017 Frick KD (CIT0004) 2003; 2 United Nations (CIT0007) 2012 CIT0019 |
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| Snippet | Purpose: To estimate the annual loss of productivity from blindness and moderate to severe visual impairment (MSVI) using simple models (analogous to how a... To estimate the annual loss of productivity from blindness and moderate to severe visual impairment (MSVI) using simple models (analogous to how a rapid... |
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| SubjectTerms | Blindness Blindness - economics cost of blindness Cost of Illness Efficiency Global Health GNI Humans Middle Aged minimum wage Models, Economic Prevalence simple model Unemployment - statistics & numerical data Vision, Low - economics visual impairment Visually Impaired Persons - statistics & numerical data |
| Title | A Simple Method for Estimating the Economic Cost of Productivity Loss Due to Blindness and Moderate to Severe Visual Impairment |
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