The statistical analysis of highway crash-injury severities: A review and assessment of methodological alternatives

► This paper provides a state-of-the-practice review of statistical methods for analyzing crash-injury severity data. ► Methodological issues germane to the analysis of injury severity data are discussed. ► Appropriate techniques for addressing these methodological issues are described. ► These tech...

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Vydáno v:Accident analysis and prevention Ročník 43; číslo 5; s. 1666 - 1676
Hlavní autoři: Savolainen, Peter T., Mannering, Fred L., Lord, Dominique, Quddus, Mohammed A.
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: England Elsevier Ltd 01.09.2011
Témata:
Accidents, Traffic - statistics & numerical data
Crash severity
Data Interpretation, Statistical
Discrete outcome
Humans
Injury severity
Logit
Models, Statistical
Probit
Trauma Severity Indices
Wounds and Injuries - classification
Wounds and Injuries - etiology
Discrete outcome
Logit
Injury severity
Probit
Crash severity
ISSN:0001-4575, 1879-2057, 1879-2057
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Shrnutí:► This paper provides a state-of-the-practice review of statistical methods for analyzing crash-injury severity data. ► Methodological issues germane to the analysis of injury severity data are discussed. ► Appropriate techniques for addressing these methodological issues are described. ► These techniques range from simple, binary outcome models to more sophisticated models allowing for heterogeneous effects and correlated error terms. ► Areas of opportunity for future research are highlighted based upon advances in computing and richer data sources. Reducing the severity of injuries resulting from motor-vehicle crashes has long been a primary emphasis of highway agencies and motor-vehicle manufacturers. While progress can be simply measured by the reduction in injury levels over time, insights into the effectiveness of injury-reduction technologies, policies, and regulations require a more detailed empirical assessment of the complex interactions that vehicle, roadway, and human factors have on resulting crash-injury severities. Over the years, researchers have used a wide range of methodological tools to assess the impact of such factors on disaggregate-level injury-severity data, and recent methodological advances have enabled the development of sophisticated models capable of more precisely determining the influence of these factors. This paper summarizes the evolution of research and current thinking as it relates to the statistical analysis of motor-vehicle injury severities, and provides a discussion of future methodological directions.
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ISSN:0001-4575
1879-2057
1879-2057
DOI:10.1016/j.aap.2011.03.025