Role of Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention

The use of synthetic, natural, or biological agents to minimize the occurrence of cancer in healthy individuals is defined as cancer chemoprevention. Chemopreventive agents inhibit the development of cancer either by impeding DNA damage, which leads to malignancy or by reversing or blocking the divi...

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Published in:International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 20; no. 20; p. 4981
Main Authors: Ranjan, Alok, Ramachandran, Sharavan, Gupta, Nehal, Kaushik, Itishree, Wright, Stephen, Srivastava, Suyash, Das, Hiranmoy, Srivastava, Sangeeta, Prasad, Sahdeo, Srivastava, Sanjay K.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 09.10.2019
MDPI
Subjects:
Animals
Anticarcinogenic Agents - chemistry
Anticarcinogenic Agents - pharmacology
Chemoprevention
Colorectal cancer
Humans
Kinases
Neoplasms - etiology
Neoplasms - prevention & control
Ovarian cancer
Phytochemicals
Phytochemicals - chemistry
Phytochemicals - pharmacology
Review
Structure-Activity Relationship
Tea
catechins
chemoprevention
phenethyl isothiocyanate
isoflavones
lycopene
capsaicin
cucurbitacin B
benzyl isothiocyanate
piperlongumine
ISSN:1422-0067, 1661-6596, 1422-0067
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:The use of synthetic, natural, or biological agents to minimize the occurrence of cancer in healthy individuals is defined as cancer chemoprevention. Chemopreventive agents inhibit the development of cancer either by impeding DNA damage, which leads to malignancy or by reversing or blocking the division of premalignant cells with DNA damage. The benefit of this approach has been demonstrated in clinical trials of breast, prostate, and colon cancer. The continuous increase in cancer cases, failure of conventional chemotherapies to control cancer, and excessive toxicity of chemotherapies clearly demand an alternative approach. The first trial to show benefit of chemoprevention was undertaken in breast cancer patients with the use of tamoxifen, which demonstrated a significant decrease in invasive breast cancer. The success of using chemopreventive agents for protecting the high risk populations from cancer indicates that the strategy is rational and promising. Dietary components such as capsaicin, cucurbitacin B, isoflavones, catechins, lycopenes, benzyl isothiocyanate, phenethyl isothiocyanate, and piperlongumine have demonstrated inhibitory effects on cancer cells indicating that they may serve as chemopreventive agents. In this review, we have addressed the mechanism of chemopreventive and anticancer effects of several natural agents.
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ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms20204981