NRF2, a Transcription Factor for Stress Response and Beyond

Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a transcription factor that regulates the cellular defense against toxic and oxidative insults through the expression of genes involved in oxidative stress response and drug detoxification. NRF2 activation renders cells resistant to chemical carc...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 21; no. 13; p. 4777
Main Authors: He, Feng, Ru, Xiaoli, Wen, Tao
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 06.07.2020
MDPI
Subjects:
Animals
Autophagy
Binding sites
Breast cancer
Endoplasmic reticulum
Gene expression
Gene Expression Regulation
Humans
Hydrocarbons
Inflammation - physiopathology
Kinases
Metabolism
NF-E2-Related Factor 2 - genetics
NF-E2-Related Factor 2 - metabolism
Oxidative Stress
Phosphorylation
Proteins
Review
Transcription factors
Unfolded Protein Response
transcription factor
autophagy
NRF2
inflammation
UPR
metabolism
proteostasis
oxidative stress
ISSN:1422-0067, 1661-6596, 1422-0067
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a transcription factor that regulates the cellular defense against toxic and oxidative insults through the expression of genes involved in oxidative stress response and drug detoxification. NRF2 activation renders cells resistant to chemical carcinogens and inflammatory challenges. In addition to antioxidant responses, NRF2 is involved in many other cellular processes, including metabolism and inflammation, and its functions are beyond the originally envisioned. NRF2 activity is tightly regulated through a complex transcriptional and post-translational network that enables it to orchestrate the cell’s response and adaptation to various pathological stressors for the homeostasis maintenance. Elevated or decreased NRF2 activity by pharmacological and genetic manipulations of NRF2 activation is associated with many metabolism- or inflammation-related diseases. Emerging evidence shows that NRF2 lies at the center of a complex regulatory network and establishes NRF2 as a truly pleiotropic transcription factor. Here we summarize the complex regulatory network of NRF2 activity and its roles in metabolic reprogramming, unfolded protein response, proteostasis, autophagy, mitochondrial biogenesis, inflammation, and immunity.
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These authors contributed equally to this work.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms21134777