Landscape filtering of hydrologic and biogeochemical responses in managed catchments

Here, we examine hydrologic and biogeochemical responses of managed catchments regarding the degree of stochastic, nonlinear filtering of hydro-climatic and anthropogenic drivers. We utilize three types of analyses to examine the time-series records of catchment responses: (1) statistical analysis,...

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Vydáno v:	Landscape ecology Ročník 28; číslo 4; s. 651 - 664
Hlavní autoři:	Gall, Heather E., Park, Jeryang, Harman, Ciaran J., Jawitz, James W., Rao, P. Suresh C.
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 01.04.2013 Springer Springer Nature B.V
Témata:	Animal, plant and microbial ecology anthropogenic activities Anthropogenic factors Applied ecology Biogeochemistry Biological and medical sciences Biomedical and Life Sciences Catchments Contingency Distribution functions Ecology Environmental Management Evaluation Filtration Freshwater Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology General aspects Homogeneity Human influences Hydrology Landscape Ecology Landscape/Regional and Urban Planning landscapes Life Sciences monitoring Nature Conservation Nutrient dynamics Nutrients Probability distribution Probability distribution functions Research Article Spectral analysis Spectrum analysis Statistical analysis Statistics Stochasticity Sustainable Development United States Urban areas watershed hydrology watersheds Wet deposition United States > US United States Urban catchments Anthropogenic drivers Nutrient export Agricultural catchments Hydro-climatic drivers Catchment responses Wet deposition Climate Filtering Landscape Environmental factor Urban area Climatic condition Biogeochemistry Agricultural region Watershed Nutrient Anthropogenic factor
ISSN:	0921-2973, 1572-9761
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Shrnutí:	Here, we examine hydrologic and biogeochemical responses of managed catchments regarding the degree of stochastic, nonlinear filtering of hydro-climatic and anthropogenic drivers. We utilize three types of analyses to examine the time-series records of catchment responses: (1) statistical analysis, based on probability distribution functions ( pdf s); (2) temporal Lorenz inequality, based on Gini coefficients, and (3) contingency or memory assessment, based on spectral analysis. We present analytical expressions for pdf s and statistical moments for several catchment responses, explicitly linking stochasticity of drivers and catchment filtering properties. We also examine relative temporal inequality of two catchment signals: Φ G = G 2 / G 1 , where G i is the Gini coefficient of each signal. We use spectral analysis to evaluate the relative memory of two signals: Φ α = α 2 / α 1 , where α i is the slope of spectral power versus frequency of each signal in log–log plots. We use these metrics to evaluate: (1) filtering of precipitation ( P ) inputs to discharge ( Q ) outputs from four locations in different moisture regimes in the US, and identify human impacts on catchment hydrology; and (2) dominance of hydrologic variability for nitrate wet deposition flux (Ω) patterns for nine US urban sites, and in the patterns of exported solute loads in intensively managed catchments. Our analyses of long-term monitoring in selected managed catchments suggests that increasing human impacts on landscapes: (1) cause hydrologic and biogeochemical processes to exhibit increasing functional homogeneity; (2) contribute to shifts in memory between catchment drivers and responses; and (3) decrease the temporal inequality of nutrient export dynamics.
Bibliografie:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23
ISSN:	0921-2973 1572-9761
DOI:	10.1007/s10980-012-9829-x