Strategies to Improve the Efficiency of Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer

Mammalian oocytes can reprogram differentiated somatic cells into a totipotent state through somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), which is known as cloning. Although many mammalian species have been successfully cloned, the majority of cloned embryos failed to develop to term, resulting in the over...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 23; no. 4; p. 1969
Main Authors: Srirattana, Kanokwan, Kaneda, Masahiro, Parnpai, Rangsun
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 10.02.2022
MDPI
Subjects:
Animals
Cattle
Cellular Reprogramming - genetics
Cellular Reprogramming - physiology
Chromatin
Chromosomes
Cloning
Cloning, Organism - methods
Cytoplasm
DNA methylation
DNA Methylation - genetics
DNA Methylation - physiology
Efficiency
Embryo, Mammalian - physiology
Embryonic Development - genetics
Embryonic Development - physiology
Embryos
Epigenesis, Genetic - genetics
Epigenetics
Gene expression
Humans
Light
Mitochondrial DNA
Nuclear Transfer Techniques
Oocytes - physiology
Review
Sheep
somatic cell nuclear transfer
embryo
epigenetic modification
nuclear reprogramming
cloning efficiency
ISSN:1422-0067, 1661-6596, 1422-0067
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Mammalian oocytes can reprogram differentiated somatic cells into a totipotent state through somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), which is known as cloning. Although many mammalian species have been successfully cloned, the majority of cloned embryos failed to develop to term, resulting in the overall cloning efficiency being still low. There are many factors contributing to the cloning success. Aberrant epigenetic reprogramming is a major cause for the developmental failure of cloned embryos and abnormalities in the cloned offspring. Numerous research groups attempted multiple strategies to technically improve each step of the SCNT procedure and rescue abnormal epigenetic reprogramming by modulating DNA methylation and histone modifications, overexpression or repression of embryonic-related genes, etc. Here, we review the recent approaches for technical SCNT improvement and ameliorating epigenetic modifications in donor cells, oocytes, and cloned embryos in order to enhance cloning efficiency.
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ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms23041969