CD40/CD40L and Related Signaling Pathways in Cardiovascular Health and Disease—The Pros and Cons for Cardioprotection
The CD40–CD40 ligand (CD40L) dyad represents a scientific and clinical field that has raised many controversies in the past and cannot be clearly defined as being an either beneficial or harmful pathway. Being crucially involved in physiological immunological processes as well as pathological inflam...
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| Published in: | International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 21; no. 22; p. 8533 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Language: | English |
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| ISSN: | 1422-0067, 1661-6596, 1422-0067 |
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| Abstract | The CD40–CD40 ligand (CD40L) dyad represents a scientific and clinical field that has raised many controversies in the past and cannot be clearly defined as being an either beneficial or harmful pathway. Being crucially involved in physiological immunological processes as well as pathological inflammatory reactions, the signaling pathway has been recognized as a key player in the development of both autoimmune and cardiovascular disease. Even though the possibilities of a therapeutic approach to the dyad were recognized decades ago, due to unfortunate events, detailed in this review, pharmacological treatment targeting the dyad, especially in patients suffering from atherosclerosis, is not available. Despite the recent advances in the treatment of classical cardiovascular risk factors, such as arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus, the treatment of the associated low-grade inflammation that accounts for the progression of atherosclerosis is still challenging. Low-grade inflammation can be detected in a significant portion of patients that suffer from cardiovascular disease and it is therefore imperative to develop new therapeutic strategies in order to combat this driver of atherosclerosis. Of note, established cardiovascular drugs such as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or statins have proven beneficial cardiovascular effects that are also related to their pleiotropic immunomodulatory properties. In this review, we will discuss the setbacks encountered as well as new avenues discovered on the path to a different, inflammation-centered approach for the treatment of cardiovascular disease with the CD40–CD40L axis as a central therapeutic target. |
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| AbstractList | The CD40–CD40 ligand (CD40L) dyad represents a scientific and clinical field that has raised many controversies in the past and cannot be clearly defined as being an either beneficial or harmful pathway. Being crucially involved in physiological immunological processes as well as pathological inflammatory reactions, the signaling pathway has been recognized as a key player in the development of both autoimmune and cardiovascular disease. Even though the possibilities of a therapeutic approach to the dyad were recognized decades ago, due to unfortunate events, detailed in this review, pharmacological treatment targeting the dyad, especially in patients suffering from atherosclerosis, is not available. Despite the recent advances in the treatment of classical cardiovascular risk factors, such as arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus, the treatment of the associated low-grade inflammation that accounts for the progression of atherosclerosis is still challenging. Low-grade inflammation can be detected in a significant portion of patients that suffer from cardiovascular disease and it is therefore imperative to develop new therapeutic strategies in order to combat this driver of atherosclerosis. Of note, established cardiovascular drugs such as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or statins have proven beneficial cardiovascular effects that are also related to their pleiotropic immunomodulatory properties. In this review, we will discuss the setbacks encountered as well as new avenues discovered on the path to a different, inflammation-centered approach for the treatment of cardiovascular disease with the CD40–CD40L axis as a central therapeutic target. The CD40-CD40 ligand (CD40L) dyad represents a scientific and clinical field that has raised many controversies in the past and cannot be clearly defined as being an either beneficial or harmful pathway. Being crucially involved in physiological immunological processes as well as pathological inflammatory reactions, the signaling pathway has been recognized as a key player in the development of both autoimmune and cardiovascular disease. Even though the possibilities of a therapeutic approach to the dyad were recognized decades ago, due to unfortunate events, detailed in this review, pharmacological treatment targeting the dyad, especially in patients suffering from atherosclerosis, is not available. Despite the recent advances in the treatment of classical cardiovascular risk factors, such as arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus, the treatment of the associated low-grade inflammation that accounts for the progression of atherosclerosis is still challenging. Low-grade inflammation can be detected in a significant portion of patients that suffer from cardiovascular disease and it is therefore imperative to develop new therapeutic strategies in order to combat this driver of atherosclerosis. Of note, established cardiovascular drugs such as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or statins have proven beneficial cardiovascular effects that are also related to their pleiotropic immunomodulatory properties. In this review, we will discuss the setbacks encountered as well as new avenues discovered on the path to a different, inflammation-centered approach for the treatment of cardiovascular disease with the CD40-CD40L axis as a central therapeutic target.The CD40-CD40 ligand (CD40L) dyad represents a scientific and clinical field that has raised many controversies in the past and cannot be clearly defined as being an either beneficial or harmful pathway. Being crucially involved in physiological immunological processes as well as pathological inflammatory reactions, the signaling pathway has been recognized as a key player in the development of both autoimmune and cardiovascular disease. Even though the possibilities of a therapeutic approach to the dyad were recognized decades ago, due to unfortunate events, detailed in this review, pharmacological treatment targeting the dyad, especially in patients suffering from atherosclerosis, is not available. Despite the recent advances in the treatment of classical cardiovascular risk factors, such as arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus, the treatment of the associated low-grade inflammation that accounts for the progression of atherosclerosis is still challenging. Low-grade inflammation can be detected in a significant portion of patients that suffer from cardiovascular disease and it is therefore imperative to develop new therapeutic strategies in order to combat this driver of atherosclerosis. Of note, established cardiovascular drugs such as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or statins have proven beneficial cardiovascular effects that are also related to their pleiotropic immunomodulatory properties. In this review, we will discuss the setbacks encountered as well as new avenues discovered on the path to a different, inflammation-centered approach for the treatment of cardiovascular disease with the CD40-CD40L axis as a central therapeutic target. |
| Author | Daub, Steffen Münzel, Thomas Lutgens, Esther Daiber, Andreas |
| AuthorAffiliation | 2 Experimental Vascular Biology Division, Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; e.lutgens@amsterdamumc.nl 3 Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians Universität, 80336 Munich, Germany 4 German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany and Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany 1 Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; steffen.daub@unimedizin-mainz.de (S.D.); tmuenzel@uni-mainz.de (T.M.) 5 German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partnersite Rhine-Main, 55131 Mainz, Germany |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 5 German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partnersite Rhine-Main, 55131 Mainz, Germany – name: 4 German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany and Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany – name: 1 Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; steffen.daub@unimedizin-mainz.de (S.D.); tmuenzel@uni-mainz.de (T.M.) – name: 2 Experimental Vascular Biology Division, Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; e.lutgens@amsterdamumc.nl – name: 3 Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians Universität, 80336 Munich, Germany |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Steffen surname: Daub fullname: Daub, Steffen – sequence: 2 givenname: Esther surname: Lutgens fullname: Lutgens, Esther – sequence: 3 givenname: Thomas orcidid: 0000-0001-5503-4150 surname: Münzel fullname: Münzel, Thomas – sequence: 4 givenname: Andreas orcidid: 0000-0002-2769-0094 surname: Daiber fullname: Daiber, Andreas |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33198327$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Keywords | atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease CD40 inflammation CD40 ligand |
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| Snippet | The CD40–CD40 ligand (CD40L) dyad represents a scientific and clinical field that has raised many controversies in the past and cannot be clearly defined as... The CD40-CD40 ligand (CD40L) dyad represents a scientific and clinical field that has raised many controversies in the past and cannot be clearly defined as... |
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| SubjectTerms | Animals Atherosclerosis Atherosclerosis - metabolism Autoimmune Diseases - metabolism Binding sites Biomarkers Cardiovascular disease Cardiovascular Diseases - metabolism Cardiovascular System CD40 Antigens - metabolism CD40 Ligand - metabolism Clinical Trials as Topic Cytokines Diabetes Gene Silencing Heart attacks Humans Hypertension Immunomodulators Inflammation Kinases Ligands Lupus Mice Mice, Transgenic Proteins Psoriasis Review Rheumatoid arthritis Risk Factors Signal Transduction Smooth muscle Thrombosis Tumor necrosis factor-TNF |
| Title | CD40/CD40L and Related Signaling Pathways in Cardiovascular Health and Disease—The Pros and Cons for Cardioprotection |
| URI | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33198327 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2461212837 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2461394624 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC7697597 |
| Volume | 21 |
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