Cognitive Contributors of Backward Walking in Persons with Multiple Sclerosis
Purpose. Individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) are at an increased fall risk due to motor and cognitive dysfunction. Our past studies suggest that backward walking (BW) velocity predicts fall risk; however, specific cognitive domains associated with BW velocity remain understudied. The goal of th...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Multiple sclerosis international Jg. 2023; S. 1 - 10 |
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11.08.2023
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| Abstract | Purpose. Individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) are at an increased fall risk due to motor and cognitive dysfunction. Our past studies suggest that backward walking (BW) velocity predicts fall risk; however, specific cognitive domains associated with BW velocity remain understudied. The goal of this study was to determine the specific contributions of cognitive functioning to BW velocity in persons with MS. We hypothesized that better visuospatial memory, verbal immediate recall, and faster information processing speed would contribute to faster BW velocity, and deficits in these domains would partially account for disease severity-related impairment in BW velocity. Methods. Participants completed demographic questionnaires, walking tests, and cognitive assessments. Applied structural equation modeling was used to test our hypothesized model of competing cognitive mediators. Within the model, disease severity was a predictor of BW via three intercorrelated cognitive mediators. Results. Participants included 39 individuals with relapsing-remitting MS. Results indicated that 35.3% of the significant total effect of disease severity on BW was accounted for by specific cognitive deficits. Verbal immediate recall had the largest contribution, followed by visuospatial memory and information processing speed. Conclusions. When examining the unique effects of cognitive domains on disease severity-related deficits in BW, a meaningful source of impairment related to visuospatial memory and verbal immediate recall was demonstrated. Considering the utility of BW velocity as a predictor of falls, these results highlight the importance of assessing cognition when evaluating fall risk in MS. Cognitive-based intervention studies investigating fall prevention may find BW as a more specific and sensitive predictor of fall risk than forward walking. |
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| AbstractList | Purpose. Individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) are at an increased fall risk due to motor and cognitive dysfunction. Our past studies suggest that backward walking (BW) velocity predicts fall risk; however, specific cognitive domains associated with BW velocity remain understudied. The goal of this study was to determine the specific contributions of cognitive functioning to BW velocity in persons with MS. We hypothesized that better visuospatial memory, verbal immediate recall, and faster information processing speed would contribute to faster BW velocity, and deficits in these domains would partially account for disease severity-related impairment in BW velocity. Methods. Participants completed demographic questionnaires, walking tests, and cognitive assessments. Applied structural equation modeling was used to test our hypothesized model of competing cognitive mediators. Within the model, disease severity was a predictor of BW via three intercorrelated cognitive mediators. Results. Participants included 39 individuals with relapsing-remitting MS. Results indicated that 35.3% of the significant total effect of disease severity on BW was accounted for by specific cognitive deficits. Verbal immediate recall had the largest contribution, followed by visuospatial memory and information processing speed. Conclusions. When examining the unique effects of cognitive domains on disease severity-related deficits in BW, a meaningful source of impairment related to visuospatial memory and verbal immediate recall was demonstrated. Considering the utility of BW velocity as a predictor of falls, these results highlight the importance of assessing cognition when evaluating fall risk in MS. Cognitive-based intervention studies investigating fall prevention may find BW as a more specific and sensitive predictor of fall risk than forward walking. Individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) are at an increased fall risk due to motor and cognitive dysfunction. Our past studies suggest that backward walking (BW) velocity predicts fall risk; however, specific cognitive domains associated with BW velocity remain understudied. The goal of this study was to determine the specific contributions of cognitive functioning to BW velocity in persons with MS. We hypothesized that better visuospatial memory, verbal immediate recall, and faster information processing speed would contribute to faster BW velocity, and deficits in these domains would partially account for disease severity-related impairment in BW velocity. Participants completed demographic questionnaires, walking tests, and cognitive assessments. Applied structural equation modeling was used to test our hypothesized model of competing cognitive mediators. Within the model, disease severity was a predictor of BW via three intercorrelated cognitive mediators. Participants included 39 individuals with relapsing-remitting MS. Results indicated that 35.3% of the significant total effect of disease severity on BW was accounted for by specific cognitive deficits. Verbal immediate recall had the largest contribution, followed by visuospatial memory and information processing speed. When examining the unique effects of cognitive domains on disease severity-related deficits in BW, a meaningful source of impairment related to visuospatial memory and verbal immediate recall was demonstrated. Considering the utility of BW velocity as a predictor of falls, these results highlight the importance of assessing cognition when evaluating fall risk in MS. Cognitive-based intervention studies investigating fall prevention may find BW as a more specific and sensitive predictor of fall risk than forward walking. Individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) are at an increased fall risk due to motor and cognitive dysfunction. Our past studies suggest that backward walking (BW) velocity predicts fall risk; however, specific cognitive domains associated with BW velocity remain understudied. The goal of this study was to determine the specific contributions of cognitive functioning to BW velocity in persons with MS. We hypothesized that better visuospatial memory, verbal immediate recall, and faster information processing speed would contribute to faster BW velocity, and deficits in these domains would partially account for disease severity-related impairment in BW velocity.PurposeIndividuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) are at an increased fall risk due to motor and cognitive dysfunction. Our past studies suggest that backward walking (BW) velocity predicts fall risk; however, specific cognitive domains associated with BW velocity remain understudied. The goal of this study was to determine the specific contributions of cognitive functioning to BW velocity in persons with MS. We hypothesized that better visuospatial memory, verbal immediate recall, and faster information processing speed would contribute to faster BW velocity, and deficits in these domains would partially account for disease severity-related impairment in BW velocity.Participants completed demographic questionnaires, walking tests, and cognitive assessments. Applied structural equation modeling was used to test our hypothesized model of competing cognitive mediators. Within the model, disease severity was a predictor of BW via three intercorrelated cognitive mediators.MethodsParticipants completed demographic questionnaires, walking tests, and cognitive assessments. Applied structural equation modeling was used to test our hypothesized model of competing cognitive mediators. Within the model, disease severity was a predictor of BW via three intercorrelated cognitive mediators.Participants included 39 individuals with relapsing-remitting MS. Results indicated that 35.3% of the significant total effect of disease severity on BW was accounted for by specific cognitive deficits. Verbal immediate recall had the largest contribution, followed by visuospatial memory and information processing speed.ResultsParticipants included 39 individuals with relapsing-remitting MS. Results indicated that 35.3% of the significant total effect of disease severity on BW was accounted for by specific cognitive deficits. Verbal immediate recall had the largest contribution, followed by visuospatial memory and information processing speed.When examining the unique effects of cognitive domains on disease severity-related deficits in BW, a meaningful source of impairment related to visuospatial memory and verbal immediate recall was demonstrated. Considering the utility of BW velocity as a predictor of falls, these results highlight the importance of assessing cognition when evaluating fall risk in MS. Cognitive-based intervention studies investigating fall prevention may find BW as a more specific and sensitive predictor of fall risk than forward walking.ConclusionsWhen examining the unique effects of cognitive domains on disease severity-related deficits in BW, a meaningful source of impairment related to visuospatial memory and verbal immediate recall was demonstrated. Considering the utility of BW velocity as a predictor of falls, these results highlight the importance of assessing cognition when evaluating fall risk in MS. Cognitive-based intervention studies investigating fall prevention may find BW as a more specific and sensitive predictor of fall risk than forward walking. |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Chargo, Alexis N. Takla, Taylor N. Daugherty, Ana M. Fritz, Nora E. |
| AuthorAffiliation | 4 Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA 5 Department of Health Care Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA 6 Department of Neurology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA 3 Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA 1 Neuroimaging and Neurorehabilitation Laboratory, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA 2 Translational Neuroscience Program, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 Neuroimaging and Neurorehabilitation Laboratory, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA – name: 3 Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA – name: 6 Department of Neurology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA – name: 4 Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA – name: 2 Translational Neuroscience Program, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA – name: 5 Department of Health Care Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Taylor N. orcidid: 0000-0002-6546-5752 surname: Takla fullname: Takla, Taylor N. organization: Neuroimaging and Neurorehabilitation LaboratoryWayne State UniversityDetroitMIUSAwayne.edu – sequence: 2 givenname: Alexis N. orcidid: 0000-0002-3139-2997 surname: Chargo fullname: Chargo, Alexis N. organization: Department of PsychologyWayne State UniversityDetroitMIUSAwayne.edu – sequence: 3 givenname: Ana M. orcidid: 0000-0002-9980-154X surname: Daugherty fullname: Daugherty, Ana M. organization: Translational Neuroscience ProgramWayne State UniversityDetroitMIUSAwayne.edu – sequence: 4 givenname: Nora E. orcidid: 0000-0002-4548-1077 surname: Fritz fullname: Fritz, Nora E. organization: Neuroimaging and Neurorehabilitation LaboratoryWayne State UniversityDetroitMIUSAwayne.edu |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37600498$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Snippet | Purpose. Individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) are at an increased fall risk due to motor and cognitive dysfunction. Our past studies suggest that backward... Individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) are at an increased fall risk due to motor and cognitive dysfunction. Our past studies suggest that backward walking... |
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| SubjectTerms | Analysis Cognition Cognition & reasoning Cognition disorders Cognitive ability Falls Falls (Accidents) Gait Hypotheses Hypothesis testing Information processing Mediation Memory Multiple sclerosis Validation studies Velocity Verbal learning |
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| Title | Cognitive Contributors of Backward Walking in Persons with Multiple Sclerosis |
| URI | https://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/5582242 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37600498 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2853673805 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2854350420 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC10438976 |
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