Toll-like receptor mRNA levels in alveolar macrophages after inhalation of endotoxin

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pattern-recognition receptors that have been implicated in the initiation of innate immune responses upon the first encounter with invading pathogens. The airways are frequently exposed to various types of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from the environment or from pathogens...

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Published in:The European respiratory journal Vol. 28; no. 3; p. 622
Main Authors: Maris, N A, Dessing, M C, de Vos, A F, Bresser, P, van der Zee, J S, Jansen, H M, Spek, C A, van der Poll, T
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England 01.09.2006
Subjects:
Administration, Inhalation
Adult
Endotoxins - administration & dosage
Endotoxins - toxicity
Gene Expression - drug effects
Gene Expression Profiling
Humans
Lipopolysaccharides - administration & dosage
Lipopolysaccharides - toxicity
Macrophages, Alveolar - drug effects
Macrophages, Alveolar - immunology
Male
RNA, Messenger - analysis
RNA, Messenger - metabolism
Toll-Like Receptors - drug effects
Toll-Like Receptors - genetics
ISSN:0903-1936
Online Access:Get more information
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Summary:Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pattern-recognition receptors that have been implicated in the initiation of innate immune responses upon the first encounter with invading pathogens. The airways are frequently exposed to various types of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from the environment or from pathogens. The current study was designed to determine the effect of LPS on TLR gene expression in human alveolar macrophages in vivo. In total, 16 healthy subjects were enrolled in a single-blinded, placebo-controlled study. Subjects inhaled 100 microg LPS or normal saline (n = 8 per group). Measurements were performed in alveolar macrophages purified from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid obtained 6 h post-challenge. Inhalation of LPS by healthy human volunteers resulted in enhanced alveolar macrophage expression of mRNAs encoding TLRs 1, 2, 7, 8 and CD14, and reduced expression of mRNAs encoding TLR4 and lymphocyte antigen 96. In conclusion, lipopolysaccharide differentially influences the toll-like receptor mRNA expression profile in human alveolar macrophages in vivo.
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ISSN:0903-1936
DOI:10.1183/09031936.06.00010806