Origin and evolution of SINEs in eukaryotic genomes

Short interspersed elements (SINEs) are one of the two most prolific mobile genomic elements in most of the higher eukaryotes. Although their biology is still not thoroughly understood, unusual life cycle of these simple elements amplified as genomic parasites makes their evolution unique in many wa...

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Veröffentlicht in:Heredity Jg. 107; H. 6; S. 487 - 495
Hauptverfasser: Kramerov, D A, Vassetzky, N S
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Cham Springer International Publishing 01.12.2011
Springer Nature B.V
Nature Publishing Group
Schlagworte:
631/181/735
631/208/212/2305
631/208/2156
Animals
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Cytogenetics
DNA Transposable Elements
Ecology
Eukaryota - genetics
Eukaryotes
Evolution, Molecular
Evolutionary Biology
Genetic recombination
Genome
Genomes
Genomics
Human Genetics
Humans
Natural populations
Parasites
Plant Genetics and Genomics
Review
Short Interspersed Nucleotide Elements
mobile elements
transposons
repetitive elements
evolution
retrotransposons
SINEs
ISSN:0018-067X, 1365-2540, 1365-2540
Online-Zugang:Volltext
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Beschreibung
Zusammenfassung:Short interspersed elements (SINEs) are one of the two most prolific mobile genomic elements in most of the higher eukaryotes. Although their biology is still not thoroughly understood, unusual life cycle of these simple elements amplified as genomic parasites makes their evolution unique in many ways. In contrast to most genetic elements including other transposons, SINEs emerged de novo many times in evolution from available molecules (for example, tRNA). The involvement of reverse transcription in their amplification cycle, huge number of genomic copies and modular structure allow variation mechanisms in SINEs uncommon or rare in other genetic elements (module exchange between SINE families, dimerization, and so on.). Overall, SINE evolution includes their emergence, progressive optimization and counteraction to the cell's defense against mobile genetic elements.
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ISSN:0018-067X
1365-2540
1365-2540
DOI:10.1038/hdy.2011.43