4D‐Printing of Photoswitchable Actuators

Shape‐switching behavior, where a transient stimulus induces an indefinitely stable deformation that can be recovered on exposure to another transient stimulus, is critical to building smart structures from responsive polymers as continue power is not needed to maintain deformations. Herein, we 4D‐p...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Angewandte Chemie International Edition Jg. 60; H. 10; S. 5536 - 5543
Hauptverfasser:	Lu, Xili, Ambulo, Cedric P., Wang, Suitu, Rivera‐Tarazona, Laura K., Kim, Hyun, Searles, Kyle, Ware, Taylor H.
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	Germany Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.03.2021
Ausgabe:	International ed. in English
Schlagworte:	4D printing Actuators Azo compounds azobenzene Crosslinking Deformation Elastomers liquid crystal elastomers Liquid crystals photoswitchable actuators Polymers shape switching Smart structures Switching Ultraviolet radiation shape switching azobenzene 4D printing liquid crystal elastomers photoswitchable actuators
ISSN:	1433-7851, 1521-3773, 1521-3773
Online-Zugang:	Volltext
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Abstract	Shape‐switching behavior, where a transient stimulus induces an indefinitely stable deformation that can be recovered on exposure to another transient stimulus, is critical to building smart structures from responsive polymers as continue power is not needed to maintain deformations. Herein, we 4D‐print shape‐switching liquid crystalline elastomers (LCEs) functionalized with supramolecular crosslinks, dynamic covalent crosslinks, and azobenzene. The salient property of shape‐switching LCEs is that light induces long‐lived, deformation that can be recovered on‐demand by heating. UV‐light isomerizes azobenzene from trans to cis, and temporarily breaks the supramolecular crosslinks, resulting in a programmed deformation. After UV, the shape‐switching LCEs fix more than 90 % of the deformation over 3 days by the reformed supramolecular crosslinks. Using the shape‐switching properties, we print Braille‐like actuators that can be photoswitched to display different letters. This new class of photoswitchable actuators may impact applications such as deployable devices where continuous application of power is impractical. Shape‐switching liquid crystal elastomers are formulated where light is used to trigger a shape change which is then stable indefinitely. The original shape can be recovered on heating. These materials can be 4D printed into reconfigurable Braille‐like actuators capable of displaying letters “L”, “C” and “E” by switching the shape‐morphing of the Archimedean chord patterns with UV light and heating.
AbstractList	Shape‐switching behavior, where a transient stimulus induces an indefinitely stable deformation that can be recovered on exposure to another transient stimulus, is critical to building smart structures from responsive polymers as continue power is not needed to maintain deformations. Herein, we 4D‐print shape‐switching liquid crystalline elastomers (LCEs) functionalized with supramolecular crosslinks, dynamic covalent crosslinks, and azobenzene. The salient property of shape‐switching LCEs is that light induces long‐lived, deformation that can be recovered on‐demand by heating. UV‐light isomerizes azobenzene from trans to cis, and temporarily breaks the supramolecular crosslinks, resulting in a programmed deformation. After UV, the shape‐switching LCEs fix more than 90 % of the deformation over 3 days by the reformed supramolecular crosslinks. Using the shape‐switching properties, we print Braille‐like actuators that can be photoswitched to display different letters. This new class of photoswitchable actuators may impact applications such as deployable devices where continuous application of power is impractical. Shape‐switching behavior, where a transient stimulus induces an indefinitely stable deformation that can be recovered on exposure to another transient stimulus, is critical to building smart structures from responsive polymers as continue power is not needed to maintain deformations. Herein, we 4D‐print shape‐switching liquid crystalline elastomers (LCEs) functionalized with supramolecular crosslinks, dynamic covalent crosslinks, and azobenzene. The salient property of shape‐switching LCEs is that light induces long‐lived, deformation that can be recovered on‐demand by heating. UV‐light isomerizes azobenzene from trans to cis, and temporarily breaks the supramolecular crosslinks, resulting in a programmed deformation. After UV, the shape‐switching LCEs fix more than 90 % of the deformation over 3 days by the reformed supramolecular crosslinks. Using the shape‐switching properties, we print Braille‐like actuators that can be photoswitched to display different letters. This new class of photoswitchable actuators may impact applications such as deployable devices where continuous application of power is impractical. Shape‐switching liquid crystal elastomers are formulated where light is used to trigger a shape change which is then stable indefinitely. The original shape can be recovered on heating. These materials can be 4D printed into reconfigurable Braille‐like actuators capable of displaying letters “L”, “C” and “E” by switching the shape‐morphing of the Archimedean chord patterns with UV light and heating. Shape‐switching behavior, where a transient stimulus induces an indefinitely stable deformation that can be recovered on exposure to another transient stimulus, is critical to building smart structures from responsive polymers as continue power is not needed to maintain deformations. Herein, we 4D‐print shape‐switching liquid crystalline elastomers (LCEs) functionalized with supramolecular crosslinks, dynamic covalent crosslinks, and azobenzene. The salient property of shape‐switching LCEs is that light induces long‐lived, deformation that can be recovered on‐demand by heating. UV‐light isomerizes azobenzene from trans to cis , and temporarily breaks the supramolecular crosslinks, resulting in a programmed deformation. After UV, the shape‐switching LCEs fix more than 90 % of the deformation over 3 days by the reformed supramolecular crosslinks. Using the shape‐switching properties, we print Braille‐like actuators that can be photoswitched to display different letters. This new class of photoswitchable actuators may impact applications such as deployable devices where continuous application of power is impractical. Shape-switching behavior, where a transient stimulus induces an indefinitely stable deformation that can be recovered on exposure to another transient stimulus, is critical to building smart structures from responsive polymers as continue power is not needed to maintain deformations. Herein, we 4D-print shape-switching liquid crystalline elastomers (LCEs) functionalized with supramolecular crosslinks, dynamic covalent crosslinks, and azobenzene. The salient property of shape-switching LCEs is that light induces long-lived, deformation that can be recovered on-demand by heating. UV-light isomerizes azobenzene from trans to cis, and temporarily breaks the supramolecular crosslinks, resulting in a programmed deformation. After UV, the shape-switching LCEs fix more than 90 % of the deformation over 3 days by the reformed supramolecular crosslinks. Using the shape-switching properties, we print Braille-like actuators that can be photoswitched to display different letters. This new class of photoswitchable actuators may impact applications such as deployable devices where continuous application of power is impractical.Shape-switching behavior, where a transient stimulus induces an indefinitely stable deformation that can be recovered on exposure to another transient stimulus, is critical to building smart structures from responsive polymers as continue power is not needed to maintain deformations. Herein, we 4D-print shape-switching liquid crystalline elastomers (LCEs) functionalized with supramolecular crosslinks, dynamic covalent crosslinks, and azobenzene. The salient property of shape-switching LCEs is that light induces long-lived, deformation that can be recovered on-demand by heating. UV-light isomerizes azobenzene from trans to cis, and temporarily breaks the supramolecular crosslinks, resulting in a programmed deformation. After UV, the shape-switching LCEs fix more than 90 % of the deformation over 3 days by the reformed supramolecular crosslinks. Using the shape-switching properties, we print Braille-like actuators that can be photoswitched to display different letters. This new class of photoswitchable actuators may impact applications such as deployable devices where continuous application of power is impractical.
Author	Ambulo, Cedric P. Wang, Suitu Kim, Hyun Ware, Taylor H. Searles, Kyle Lu, Xili Rivera‐Tarazona, Laura K.
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Xili orcidid: 0000-0001-7725-9895 surname: Lu fullname: Lu, Xili organization: Sichuan University – sequence: 2 givenname: Cedric P. surname: Ambulo fullname: Ambulo, Cedric P. organization: University of Texas at Dallas – sequence: 3 givenname: Suitu surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Suitu organization: Texas A&M University – sequence: 4 givenname: Laura K. surname: Rivera‐Tarazona fullname: Rivera‐Tarazona, Laura K. organization: Texas A&M University – sequence: 5 givenname: Hyun surname: Kim fullname: Kim, Hyun organization: CCDC Army Research Laboratory – sequence: 6 givenname: Kyle surname: Searles fullname: Searles, Kyle organization: University of Texas at Dallas – sequence: 7 givenname: Taylor H. orcidid: 0000-0001-7996-7393 surname: Ware fullname: Ware, Taylor H. email: Taylor.Ware@tamu.edu organization: Texas A&M University
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Keywords	shape switching azobenzene 4D printing liquid crystal elastomers photoswitchable actuators
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Snippet	Shape‐switching behavior, where a transient stimulus induces an indefinitely stable deformation that can be recovered on exposure to another transient... Shape-switching behavior, where a transient stimulus induces an indefinitely stable deformation that can be recovered on exposure to another transient...
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SubjectTerms	4D printing Actuators Azo compounds azobenzene Crosslinking Deformation Elastomers liquid crystal elastomers Liquid crystals photoswitchable actuators Polymers shape switching Smart structures Switching Ultraviolet radiation
Title	4D‐Printing of Photoswitchable Actuators
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