Association of oral microbiome with type 2 diabetes risk

Background and Objective The oral microbiome may help to maintain systemic health, including how it affects blood glucose levels; however, direct evidence linking the oral microbiome with diabetes is lacking. Material and Methods We compared the oral microbiome profiles of 98 participants with incid...

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Published in:	Journal of periodontal research Vol. 52; no. 3; pp. 636 - 643
Main Authors:	Long, J., Cai, Q., Steinwandel, M., Hargreaves, M. K., Bordenstein, S. R., Blot, W. J., Zheng, W., Shu, X. O.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.06.2017
Subjects:	Abundance Actinobacteria Actinobacteria - genetics Actinomyces Actinomyces - genetics Adult Aged Bifidobacterium Bifidobacterium - genetics Case-Control Studies Corynebacterium Corynebacterium - genetics Diabetes Diabetes mellitus Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - etiology Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - microbiology Etiology Female Glucose High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing - methods Humans Male Microbiota Middle Aged Mobiluncus Mouth - microbiology next‐generation sequencing Obesity Obesity - microbiology oral microbiome Risk Factors RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics rRNA 16S oral microbiome next-generation sequencing diabetes
ISSN:	0022-3484, 1600-0765
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Abstract	Background and Objective The oral microbiome may help to maintain systemic health, including how it affects blood glucose levels; however, direct evidence linking the oral microbiome with diabetes is lacking. Material and Methods We compared the oral microbiome profiles of 98 participants with incident diabetes, 99 obese non‐diabetics and 97 normal weight non‐diabetics, via deep sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Results We found that the phylum Actinobacteria was present significantly less abundant among patients with diabetes than among the controls (p = 3.9 × 10−3); the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was 0.27 (0.11–0.66) for those individuals who had relative abundance higher than the median value. Within this phylum, five families and seven genera were observed, and most of them were less abundant among patients with diabetes. Notably, genera Actinomyces and Atopobium were associated with 66% and 72% decreased risk of diabetes with p‐values of 8.9 × 10−3 and 7.4 × 10−3, respectively. Stratified analyses by race showed that most taxa in this phylum were associated with diabetes in both black and white participants. This phylum was also less abundant among non‐diabetic obese subjects compared to normal weight individuals, particularly genera Mobiluncus, Corynebacterium and Bifidobacterium, which showed p < 0.05. Conclusion Our study revealed that multiple bacteria taxa in the phylum Actinobacteria are associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes. Some are also associated with the prevalence of obesity, suggesting that the oral microbiome may play an important role in diabetes etiology.
AbstractList	Background and Objective The oral microbiome may help to maintain systemic health, including how it affects blood glucose levels; however, direct evidence linking the oral microbiome with diabetes is lacking. Material and Methods We compared the oral microbiome profiles of 98 participants with incident diabetes, 99 obese non-diabetics and 97 normal weight non-diabetics, via deep sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Results We found that the phylum Actinobacteria was present significantly less abundant among patients with diabetes than among the controls (p = 3.9 × 10-3); the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was 0.27 (0.11-0.66) for those individuals who had relative abundance higher than the median value. Within this phylum, five families and seven genera were observed, and most of them were less abundant among patients with diabetes. Notably, genera Actinomyces and Atopobium were associated with 66% and 72% decreased risk of diabetes with p-values of 8.9 × 10-3 and 7.4 × 10-3, respectively. Stratified analyses by race showed that most taxa in this phylum were associated with diabetes in both black and white participants. This phylum was also less abundant among non-diabetic obese subjects compared to normal weight individuals, particularly genera Mobiluncus,Corynebacterium and Bifidobacterium, which showed p < 0.05. Conclusion Our study revealed that multiple bacteria taxa in the phylum Actinobacteria are associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes. Some are also associated with the prevalence of obesity, suggesting that the oral microbiome may play an important role in diabetes etiology. The oral microbiome may help to maintain systemic health, including how it affects blood glucose levels; however, direct evidence linking the oral microbiome with diabetes is lacking. We compared the oral microbiome profiles of 98 participants with incident diabetes, 99 obese non-diabetics and 97 normal weight non-diabetics, via deep sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. We found that the phylum Actinobacteria was present significantly less abundant among patients with diabetes than among the controls (p = 3.9 × 10 ); the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was 0.27 (0.11-0.66) for those individuals who had relative abundance higher than the median value. Within this phylum, five families and seven genera were observed, and most of them were less abundant among patients with diabetes. Notably, genera Actinomyces and Atopobium were associated with 66% and 72% decreased risk of diabetes with p-values of 8.9 × 10 and 7.4 × 10 , respectively. Stratified analyses by race showed that most taxa in this phylum were associated with diabetes in both black and white participants. This phylum was also less abundant among non-diabetic obese subjects compared to normal weight individuals, particularly genera Mobiluncus, Corynebacterium and Bifidobacterium, which showed p < 0.05. Our study revealed that multiple bacteria taxa in the phylum Actinobacteria are associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes. Some are also associated with the prevalence of obesity, suggesting that the oral microbiome may play an important role in diabetes etiology. BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVEThe oral microbiome may help to maintain systemic health, including how it affects blood glucose levels; however, direct evidence linking the oral microbiome with diabetes is lacking.MATERIAL AND METHODSWe compared the oral microbiome profiles of 98 participants with incident diabetes, 99 obese non-diabetics and 97 normal weight non-diabetics, via deep sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene.RESULTSWe found that the phylum Actinobacteria was present significantly less abundant among patients with diabetes than among the controls (p = 3.9 × 10-3 ); the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was 0.27 (0.11-0.66) for those individuals who had relative abundance higher than the median value. Within this phylum, five families and seven genera were observed, and most of them were less abundant among patients with diabetes. Notably, genera Actinomyces and Atopobium were associated with 66% and 72% decreased risk of diabetes with p-values of 8.9 × 10-3 and 7.4 × 10-3 , respectively. Stratified analyses by race showed that most taxa in this phylum were associated with diabetes in both black and white participants. This phylum was also less abundant among non-diabetic obese subjects compared to normal weight individuals, particularly genera Mobiluncus, Corynebacterium and Bifidobacterium, which showed p < 0.05.CONCLUSIONOur study revealed that multiple bacteria taxa in the phylum Actinobacteria are associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes. Some are also associated with the prevalence of obesity, suggesting that the oral microbiome may play an important role in diabetes etiology. Background and Objective The oral microbiome may help to maintain systemic health, including how it affects blood glucose levels; however, direct evidence linking the oral microbiome with diabetes is lacking. Material and Methods We compared the oral microbiome profiles of 98 participants with incident diabetes, 99 obese non-diabetics and 97 normal weight non-diabetics, via deep sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Results We found that the phylum Actinobacteria was present significantly less abundant among patients with diabetes than among the controls (p = 3.9 10 super(-3)); the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was 0.27 (0.11-0.66) for those individuals who had relative abundance higher than the median value. Within this phylum, five families and seven genera were observed, and most of them were less abundant among patients with diabetes. Notably, genera Actinomyces and Atopobium were associated with 66% and 72% decreased risk of diabetes with p-values of 8.9 10 super(-3) and 7.4 10 super(-3), respectively. Stratified analyses by race showed that most taxa in this phylum were associated with diabetes in both black and white participants. This phylum was also less abundant among non-diabetic obese subjects compared to normal weight individuals, particularly genera Mobiluncus, Corynebacterium and Bifidobacterium, which showed p < 0.05. Conclusion Our study revealed that multiple bacteria taxa in the phylum Actinobacteria are associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes. Some are also associated with the prevalence of obesity, suggesting that the oral microbiome may play an important role in diabetes etiology. Background and Objective The oral microbiome may help to maintain systemic health, including how it affects blood glucose levels; however, direct evidence linking the oral microbiome with diabetes is lacking. Material and Methods We compared the oral microbiome profiles of 98 participants with incident diabetes, 99 obese non‐diabetics and 97 normal weight non‐diabetics, via deep sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Results We found that the phylum Actinobacteria was present significantly less abundant among patients with diabetes than among the controls (p = 3.9 × 10−3); the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was 0.27 (0.11–0.66) for those individuals who had relative abundance higher than the median value. Within this phylum, five families and seven genera were observed, and most of them were less abundant among patients with diabetes. Notably, genera Actinomyces and Atopobium were associated with 66% and 72% decreased risk of diabetes with p‐values of 8.9 × 10−3 and 7.4 × 10−3, respectively. Stratified analyses by race showed that most taxa in this phylum were associated with diabetes in both black and white participants. This phylum was also less abundant among non‐diabetic obese subjects compared to normal weight individuals, particularly genera Mobiluncus, Corynebacterium and Bifidobacterium, which showed p < 0.05. Conclusion Our study revealed that multiple bacteria taxa in the phylum Actinobacteria are associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes. Some are also associated with the prevalence of obesity, suggesting that the oral microbiome may play an important role in diabetes etiology.
Author	Steinwandel, M. Shu, X. O. Long, J. Bordenstein, S. R. Blot, W. J. Zheng, W. Hargreaves, M. K. Cai, Q.
AuthorAffiliation	3 Department of Internal Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 4 Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 5 Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 1 Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 2 International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD
AuthorAffiliation_xml	– name: 3 Department of Internal Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN – name: 4 Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN – name: 1 Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN – name: 2 International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD – name: 5 Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: J. surname: Long fullname: Long, J. email: jirong.long@vanderbilt.edu organization: Vanderbilt University Medical Center – sequence: 2 givenname: Q. surname: Cai fullname: Cai, Q. organization: Vanderbilt University Medical Center – sequence: 3 givenname: M. surname: Steinwandel fullname: Steinwandel, M. organization: International Epidemiology Institute – sequence: 4 givenname: M. K. surname: Hargreaves fullname: Hargreaves, M. K. organization: Meharry Medical College – sequence: 5 givenname: S. R. surname: Bordenstein fullname: Bordenstein, S. R. organization: Vanderbilt University – sequence: 6 givenname: W. J. surname: Blot fullname: Blot, W. J. organization: International Epidemiology Institute – sequence: 7 givenname: W. surname: Zheng fullname: Zheng, W. organization: Vanderbilt University Medical Center – sequence: 8 givenname: X. O. surname: Shu fullname: Shu, X. O. organization: Vanderbilt University Medical Center
BackLink	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28177125$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Copyright	2017 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd 2017 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons A/S
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Snippet	Background and Objective The oral microbiome may help to maintain systemic health, including how it affects blood glucose levels; however, direct evidence... The oral microbiome may help to maintain systemic health, including how it affects blood glucose levels; however, direct evidence linking the oral microbiome... Background and Objective The oral microbiome may help to maintain systemic health, including how it affects blood glucose levels; however, direct evidence... BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVEThe oral microbiome may help to maintain systemic health, including how it affects blood glucose levels; however, direct evidence...
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SubjectTerms	Abundance Actinobacteria Actinobacteria - genetics Actinomyces Actinomyces - genetics Adult Aged Bifidobacterium Bifidobacterium - genetics Case-Control Studies Corynebacterium Corynebacterium - genetics Diabetes Diabetes mellitus Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - etiology Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - microbiology Etiology Female Glucose High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing - methods Humans Male Microbiota Middle Aged Mobiluncus Mouth - microbiology next‐generation sequencing Obesity Obesity - microbiology oral microbiome Risk Factors RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics rRNA 16S
Title	Association of oral microbiome with type 2 diabetes risk
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