Skeletal infections: microbial pathogenesis, immunity and clinical management
Osteomyelitis remains one of the greatest risks in orthopaedic surgery. Although many organisms are linked to skeletal infections, Staphylococcus aureus remains the most prevalent and devastating causative pathogen. Important discoveries have uncovered novel mechanisms of S. aureus pathogenesis and...
Uloženo v:
| Vydáno v: | Nature reviews. Microbiology Ročník 20; číslo 7; s. 385 - 400 |
|---|---|
| Hlavní autoři: | , , , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Vydáno: |
England
Nature Publishing Group
01.07.2022
|
| Témata: | |
| ISSN: | 1740-1526, 1740-1534, 1740-1534 |
| On-line přístup: | Získat plný text |
| Tagy: |
Přidat tag
Žádné tagy, Buďte první, kdo vytvoří štítek k tomuto záznamu!
|
| Abstract | Osteomyelitis remains one of the greatest risks in orthopaedic surgery. Although many organisms are linked to skeletal infections, Staphylococcus aureus remains the most prevalent and devastating causative pathogen. Important discoveries have uncovered novel mechanisms of S. aureus pathogenesis and persistence within bone tissue, including implant-associated biofilms, abscesses and invasion of the osteocyte lacuno-canalicular network. However, little clinical progress has been made in the prevention and eradication of skeletal infection as treatment algorithms and outcomes have only incrementally changed over the past half century. In this Review, we discuss the mechanisms of persistence and immune evasion in S. aureus infection of the skeletal system as well as features of other osteomyelitis-causing pathogens in implant-associated and native bone infections. We also describe how the host fails to eradicate bacterial bone infections, and how this new information may lead to the development of novel interventions. Finally, we discuss the clinical management of skeletal infection, including osteomyelitis classification and strategies to treat skeletal infections with emerging technologies that could translate to the clinic in the future. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Osteomyelitis remains one of the greatest risks in orthopaedic surgery. Although many organisms are linked to skeletal infections, Staphylococcus aureus remains the most prevalent and devastating causative pathogen. Important discoveries have uncovered novel mechanisms of S. aureus pathogenesis and persistence within bone tissue, including implant-associated biofilms, abscesses and invasion of the osteocyte lacuno-canalicular network. However, little clinical progress has been made in the prevention and eradication of skeletal infection as treatment algorithms and outcomes have only incrementally changed over the past half century. In this Review, we discuss the mechanisms of persistence and immune evasion in S. aureus infection of the skeletal system as well as features of other osteomyelitis-causing pathogens in implant-associated and native bone infections. We also describe how the host fails to eradicate bacterial bone infections, and how this new information may lead to the development of novel interventions. Finally, we discuss the clinical management of skeletal infection, including osteomyelitis classification and strategies to treat skeletal infections with emerging technologies that could translate to the clinic in the future. Osteomyelitis remains one of the greatest risks in orthopaedic surgery. Although many organisms are linked to skeletal infections, Staphylococcus aureus remains the most prevalent and devastating causative pathogen. Important discoveries have uncovered novel mechanisms of S. aureus pathogenesis and persistence within bone tissue, including implant-associated biofilms, abscesses and invasion of the osteocyte lacuno-canalicular network. However, little clinical progress has been made in the prevention and eradication of skeletal infection as treatment algorithms and outcomes have only incrementally changed over the past half century. In this Review, we discuss the mechanisms of persistence and immune evasion in S. aureus infection of the skeletal system as well as features of other osteomyelitis-causing pathogens in implant-associated and native bone infections. We also describe how the host fails to eradicate bacterial bone infections, and how this new information may lead to the development of novel interventions. Finally, we discuss the clinical management of skeletal infection, including osteomyelitis classification and strategies to treat skeletal infections with emerging technologies that could translate to the clinic in the future.Osteomyelitis remains one of the greatest risks in orthopaedic surgery. Although many organisms are linked to skeletal infections, Staphylococcus aureus remains the most prevalent and devastating causative pathogen. Important discoveries have uncovered novel mechanisms of S. aureus pathogenesis and persistence within bone tissue, including implant-associated biofilms, abscesses and invasion of the osteocyte lacuno-canalicular network. However, little clinical progress has been made in the prevention and eradication of skeletal infection as treatment algorithms and outcomes have only incrementally changed over the past half century. In this Review, we discuss the mechanisms of persistence and immune evasion in S. aureus infection of the skeletal system as well as features of other osteomyelitis-causing pathogens in implant-associated and native bone infections. We also describe how the host fails to eradicate bacterial bone infections, and how this new information may lead to the development of novel interventions. Finally, we discuss the clinical management of skeletal infection, including osteomyelitis classification and strategies to treat skeletal infections with emerging technologies that could translate to the clinic in the future. Osteomyelitis remains one of the greatest risks in orthopaedic surgery. Although many organisms are linked to skeletal infections, Staphylococcus aureus remains the most prevalent and devastating causative pathogen. Important discoveries have uncovered novel mechanisms of S. aureus pathogenesis and persistence within bone tissue, including implant-associated biofilms, abscesses and invasion of the osteocyte lacuno-canalicular network. However, little clinical progress has been made in the prevention and eradication of skeletal infection as treatment algorithms and outcomes have only incrementally changed over the past half century. In this Review, we discuss the mechanisms of persistence and immune evasion in S. aureus infection of the skeletal system as well as features of other osteomyelitis-causing pathogens in implant-associated and native bone infections. We also describe how the host fails to eradicate bacterial bone infections, and how this new information may lead to the development of novel interventions. Finally, we discuss the clinical management of skeletal infection, including osteomyelitis classification and strategies to treat skeletal infections with emerging technologies that could translate to the clinic in the future.Osteomyelitis is an infection of bone that arises when a pathogen colonizes bone tissue owing to injury or surgery. In this Review, Masters and colleagues explore the microbial pathogenesis, immunity and clinical management of bone infections. |
| Author | Muthukrishnan, Gowrishankar Masters, Elysia A Bentley, Karen L de Mesy Ricciardi, Benjamin F Schwarz, Edward M Moriarty, T Fintan |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Elysia A orcidid: 0000-0002-9981-624X surname: Masters fullname: Masters, Elysia A organization: Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Benjamin F orcidid: 0000-0001-9384-4840 surname: Ricciardi fullname: Ricciardi, Benjamin F organization: Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Karen L de Mesy orcidid: 0000-0003-0176-1111 surname: Bentley fullname: Bentley, Karen L de Mesy organization: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: T Fintan orcidid: 0000-0003-2307-0397 surname: Moriarty fullname: Moriarty, T Fintan organization: AO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland – sequence: 5 givenname: Edward M orcidid: 0000-0002-4854-9698 surname: Schwarz fullname: Schwarz, Edward M email: edward_schwarz@urmc.rochester.edu, edward_schwarz@urmc.rochester.edu, edward_schwarz@urmc.rochester.edu organization: Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA. edward_schwarz@urmc.rochester.edu – sequence: 6 givenname: Gowrishankar orcidid: 0000-0001-7521-6154 surname: Muthukrishnan fullname: Muthukrishnan, Gowrishankar organization: Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35169289$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
| BookMark | eNpd0DtPxDAMB_AIgbgHfAEGVImFgULiPMuGTrykQwzAXKWpe-Ro06Nph_v2VHAwMPkv6yfL9ozshzYgISeMXjLKzVUUTOospQAppcqolO6RKdOCpkxysf-XQU3ILMY1pSClhkMy4ZKpDEw2JU8vH1hjb-vEhwpd79sQr5PGu64t_Njd2P69XWHA6ONF4ptmCL7fJjaUiat98G40jQ12hQ2G_ogcVLaOeLyrc_J2d_u6eEiXz_ePi5tl6oQWfYoKpeFS2aIQMtOiUlAqcEXJXCEAkfMSwDhtdDUmnQksjFLjHUraDCvK5-T8Z-6maz8HjH3e-Oiwrm3Adog5KMi4YVLJkZ79o-t26MK43ai0BtDwrU53aigaLPNN5xvbbfPfR_EvWbZsEA |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1007_s11837_024_06789_8 crossref_primary_10_3389_fcell_2025_1604320 crossref_primary_10_3389_fcimb_2025_1529692 crossref_primary_10_3389_fphar_2025_1522225 crossref_primary_10_1002_adfm_202418092 crossref_primary_10_3389_fbioe_2024_1315398 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cej_2024_148932 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_device_2025_100754 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jinf_2025_106581 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_carbpol_2022_120027 crossref_primary_10_5312_wjo_v16_i7_107337 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bjps_2024_09_007 crossref_primary_10_1002_adhm_202402559 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_024_82891_w crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jiec_2024_04_049 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jad_2023_08_121 crossref_primary_10_1002_smll_202410710 crossref_primary_10_3390_jcm13195802 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bioactmat_2023_07_018 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cej_2025_160540 crossref_primary_10_1186_s42836_023_00166_7 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_matdes_2025_113992 crossref_primary_10_1002_adhm_202503365 crossref_primary_10_3389_fmicb_2023_1196957 crossref_primary_10_1039_D4BM00061G crossref_primary_10_1002_adma_202307846 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00402_025_06045_x crossref_primary_10_1002_adma_202409633 crossref_primary_10_1002_jor_25650 crossref_primary_10_3390_antibiotics12020296 crossref_primary_10_7759_cureus_41208 crossref_primary_10_1002_anbr_202500004 crossref_primary_10_1080_25785826_2025_2506260 crossref_primary_10_1177_14653125241235194 crossref_primary_10_1002_advs_202415379 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ymthe_2024_03_001 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10735_025_10447_x crossref_primary_10_1016_j_actbio_2023_07_039 crossref_primary_10_1002_adma_202405953 crossref_primary_10_1002_adhm_202500523 crossref_primary_10_1186_s13018_024_04926_2 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_mtbio_2025_101525 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_mtbio_2025_102295 crossref_primary_10_2147_IJN_S468848 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_trac_2024_117544 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_fmre_2024_02_005 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bioactmat_2024_10_009 crossref_primary_10_1111_apm_13502 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biomaterials_2025_123642 crossref_primary_10_23736_S1824_4785_25_03623_4 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bioactmat_2025_04_014 crossref_primary_10_3389_fphar_2025_1566744 crossref_primary_10_1002_anie_202423654 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_micres_2025_128189 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biomaterials_2023_122231 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ceramint_2023_08_250 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_compositesb_2024_111812 crossref_primary_10_3390_jfb16050189 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms24119762 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bioadv_2022_213243 crossref_primary_10_2147_IJN_S479960 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bioactmat_2025_07_033 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cej_2024_155337 crossref_primary_10_1021_acsami_5c11777 crossref_primary_10_1097_JS9_0000000000000502 crossref_primary_10_1002_adhm_202201349 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijbiomac_2024_134091 crossref_primary_10_1039_D4BM01663G crossref_primary_10_1002_bmm2_12081 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cej_2024_149683 crossref_primary_10_1021_acsnano_5c08035 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_023_36749_2 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_actbio_2023_12_045 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_apmt_2023_102054 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12951_025_03309_x crossref_primary_10_3390_medicina60121988 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tibtech_2022_07_011 crossref_primary_10_1021_acsnano_5c01761 crossref_primary_10_1002_adfm_202419993 crossref_primary_10_1002_smtd_202400216 crossref_primary_10_1021_acsnano_5c04595 crossref_primary_10_1186_s13036_025_00545_5 crossref_primary_10_1002_ppap_202300075 crossref_primary_10_1128_spectrum_02006_23 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_micres_2023_127502 crossref_primary_10_1097_JS9_0000000000002811 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41418_025_01504_9 crossref_primary_10_1002_advs_202302674 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_matdes_2022_111069 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms26178572 crossref_primary_10_1002_adma_202307639 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2022_1048505 crossref_primary_10_3390_ani14091369 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cej_2025_165993 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijpharm_2025_125480 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_025_14824_0 crossref_primary_10_3390_antibiotics14050515 crossref_primary_10_1128_cmr_00148_22 crossref_primary_10_1002_adma_202208681 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_024_83418_z crossref_primary_10_1007_s00590_023_03720_w crossref_primary_10_1002_adfm_202304162 crossref_primary_10_1093_jbmrpl_ziad005 crossref_primary_10_18019_1028_4427_2025_31_4_487_494 crossref_primary_10_1002_adhm_202301772 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_matlet_2023_135609 crossref_primary_10_3389_fcimb_2023_1295063 crossref_primary_10_31083_j_fbe1604036 crossref_primary_10_1002_admi_202400068 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_025_08879_2 crossref_primary_10_1002_adhm_202402001 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_micpath_2024_107102 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_025_98502_1 crossref_primary_10_3390_microorganisms13040852 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_spinee_2024_11_004 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41392_025_02388_4 crossref_primary_10_1093_jacamr_dlae025 crossref_primary_10_3390_antibiotics12071142 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cej_2025_167376 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cej_2025_164431 crossref_primary_10_3390_antibiotics14020139 crossref_primary_10_1111_apm_13312 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_mattod_2024_11_007 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_nantod_2024_102299 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_imlet_2023_04_006 crossref_primary_10_1039_D2BM00550F crossref_primary_10_1002_ange_202423654 crossref_primary_10_3389_fbioe_2023_1244184 crossref_primary_10_3390_pharmaceutics17060757 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_carbpol_2025_123866 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cej_2024_158256 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijbiomac_2024_134059 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_intimp_2023_110153 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_actbio_2024_10_014 crossref_primary_10_1097_MD_0000000000038214 crossref_primary_10_2147_IJN_S483621 crossref_primary_10_2147_IJN_S521727 crossref_primary_10_3389_fcimb_2023_1187543 crossref_primary_10_1002_adhm_202302879 crossref_primary_10_3389_fbiom_2022_942104 crossref_primary_10_1002_adhm_202500169 crossref_primary_10_1093_jacamr_dlae015 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jare_2025_05_018 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12951_024_02706_y crossref_primary_10_1002_advs_202503186 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jconrel_2022_11_047 crossref_primary_10_1093_jbmrpl_ziaf093 crossref_primary_10_1002_iid3_1339 crossref_primary_10_2147_IDR_S482931 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_intimp_2023_110843 crossref_primary_10_1002_adma_202410917 crossref_primary_10_1128_aac_00328_23 crossref_primary_10_1097_MD_0000000000042241 crossref_primary_10_1002_advs_202306964 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bioadv_2024_213920 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ocl_2023_09_004 crossref_primary_10_1002_advs_202413105 crossref_primary_10_1002_jor_25919 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00210_024_03357_4 crossref_primary_10_2147_IJN_S514978 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ceramint_2024_09_213 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bioactmat_2025_05_024 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_mtbio_2025_101773 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jconrel_2025_113612 crossref_primary_10_2147_IDR_S457644 crossref_primary_10_3390_ph18050675 crossref_primary_10_1002_smll_202400732 crossref_primary_10_1002_adfm_202509454 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cej_2025_165746 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12967_025_06161_7 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jhin_2022_06_014 crossref_primary_10_1002_smll_202403681 crossref_primary_10_3390_pharmaceutics14061175 crossref_primary_10_3390_microorganisms13092002 crossref_primary_10_1002_adfm_202302069 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2022_959575 crossref_primary_10_1186_s40824_023_00458_8 crossref_primary_10_1111_mmi_15002 crossref_primary_10_3390_jfb13030086 crossref_primary_10_5114_aoms_203761 crossref_primary_10_1155_mi_5707884 crossref_primary_10_3390_met14080855 crossref_primary_10_3389_fcimb_2023_1186936 crossref_primary_10_3389_fmicb_2024_1406190 crossref_primary_10_1093_cid_ciaf448 crossref_primary_10_1002_adfm_202405852 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_drup_2025_101295 crossref_primary_10_1002_mabi_202200311 crossref_primary_10_3390_cryst15050396 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_compositesb_2022_110221 crossref_primary_10_1002_jor_25942 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_csbj_2025_01_021 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_024_59866_y crossref_primary_10_3389_fbioe_2022_952500 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_micres_2024_128042 crossref_primary_10_3390_met15091026 crossref_primary_10_1002_adma_202506119 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bioactmat_2025_02_033 crossref_primary_10_18019_1028_4427_2025_31_3_361_371 crossref_primary_10_1002_adfm_202415778 crossref_primary_10_3389_fmed_2022_975666 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12879_024_10207_4 crossref_primary_10_1302_2046_3758_133_BJR_2023_0077_R2 crossref_primary_10_3390_molecules29153665 crossref_primary_10_3390_md20110656 crossref_primary_10_1002_adfm_202313742 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_colsurfb_2025_115147 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_synbio_2025_07_001 crossref_primary_10_1002_adfm_202314034 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00210_025_04429_9 crossref_primary_10_1128_spectrum_00647_24 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_mser_2025_100929 crossref_primary_10_1002_adma_202407730 crossref_primary_10_1111_1751_7915_70035 crossref_primary_10_1002_anbr_202400119 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00203_024_04015_2 crossref_primary_10_1111_apm_13470 crossref_primary_10_3390_coatings12091351 crossref_primary_10_1002_adhm_202403261 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_mser_2024_100861 crossref_primary_10_3390_met12101681 crossref_primary_10_17816_2311_2905_17647 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10904_025_03898_y crossref_primary_10_1016_j_actbio_2023_05_046 crossref_primary_10_1002_jor_25929 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41551_024_01191_w crossref_primary_10_1002_smll_202206265 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cclet_2024_110686 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_intimp_2024_111815 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_025_56308_9 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10495_025_02096_y crossref_primary_10_1002_smll_202307406 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40883_025_00457_2 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijbiomac_2023_127233 crossref_primary_10_3389_fmicb_2024_1356982 crossref_primary_10_1096_fj_202300287RR crossref_primary_10_1016_j_matchemphys_2023_128622 crossref_primary_10_1002_advs_202300658 crossref_primary_10_1093_ofid_ofad491 crossref_primary_10_12968_hmed_2022_0545 crossref_primary_10_1002_advs_202206154 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jconrel_2024_11_044 crossref_primary_10_1186_s10020_025_01274_7 crossref_primary_10_7759_cureus_66912 crossref_primary_10_1002_adma_202408473 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jmbbm_2024_106661 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12951_023_02283_6 crossref_primary_10_1002_advs_202407251 crossref_primary_10_3389_fendo_2022_1097147 crossref_primary_10_3390_antibiotics13121125 crossref_primary_10_1186_s13287_024_03781_6 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jmst_2025_01_044 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tice_2024_102422 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_injury_2024_111826 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ymthe_2022_09_006 crossref_primary_10_1021_acsnano_4c16606 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ccr_2024_215799 crossref_primary_10_1039_D4MH01237B crossref_primary_10_1016_j_microb_2025_100444 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_surfin_2025_106601 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12920_024_01799_6 crossref_primary_10_1021_acsami_4c20893 crossref_primary_10_3390_jfb16030090 crossref_primary_10_1002_advs_202402370 crossref_primary_10_1002_jor_70042 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jiac_2024_102597 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_rvsc_2025_105705 crossref_primary_10_1002_adfm_202307286 crossref_primary_10_1186_s43556_023_00164_w crossref_primary_10_1002_advs_202409200 crossref_primary_10_1186_s10020_025_01202_9 crossref_primary_10_1002_advs_202410781 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jor_2024_02_011 crossref_primary_10_1093_ofid_ofae328 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jinf_2024_106125 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bioadv_2024_214008 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cej_2025_163649 crossref_primary_10_1002_advs_202307969 crossref_primary_10_1002_adma_202304991 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12903_025_06200_1 crossref_primary_10_3389_fbioe_2022_888084 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bone_2025_117536 crossref_primary_10_1302_2046_3758_1210_BJR_2023_0071_R1 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_arth_2024_08_007 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_mtcomm_2025_112522 crossref_primary_10_1002_jbt_23298 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_colsurfa_2023_132243 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_nantod_2024_102324 crossref_primary_10_3389_fphar_2025_1657099 crossref_primary_10_2147_JIR_S406562 crossref_primary_10_1097_SCS_0000000000011784 crossref_primary_10_3390_pharmaceutics17040514 crossref_primary_10_1002_smll_202310622 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_path_2025_04_001 crossref_primary_10_3390_ceramics7040113 crossref_primary_10_1002_jor_25988 crossref_primary_10_1126_sciadv_adr1911 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_heliyon_2024_e34889 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bprint_2025_e00421 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jconrel_2024_12_072 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_mtbio_2025_101833 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijbiomac_2025_144424 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_mtbio_2025_102243 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_ppat_1013525 crossref_primary_10_3390_polym16020281 crossref_primary_10_47162_RJME_66_2_04 crossref_primary_10_1002_adma_202304774 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biomaterials_2024_122762 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_nantod_2024_102334 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00256_024_04591_w crossref_primary_10_1128_mbio_01413_25 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cej_2024_151475 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jmrt_2025_07_204 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12951_024_02844_3 crossref_primary_10_1002_advs_202501505 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bioactmat_2025_02_002 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12974_023_02798_7 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cclet_2025_111319 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_pmatsci_2024_101334 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cej_2025_160111 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00113_024_01439_9 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biomaterials_2024_122515 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jmst_2024_02_009 crossref_primary_10_1002_adfm_202404622 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cej_2024_151209 crossref_primary_10_1002_adma_202414437 crossref_primary_10_3390_nano14060553 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cej_2024_150234 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_saa_2025_126652 crossref_primary_10_1111_jpi_12914 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_actbio_2023_10_006 crossref_primary_10_1515_polyeng_2023_0294 crossref_primary_10_1002_adfm_202310539 crossref_primary_10_1002_adma_202206646 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cclet_2024_109746 crossref_primary_10_14202_vetworld_2025_1014_1024 crossref_primary_10_3390_antibiotics12061049 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_actbio_2025_07_029 crossref_primary_10_1021_acsnano_5c01600 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_carbpol_2024_123082 crossref_primary_10_3390_polym14081611 crossref_primary_10_1039_D4MH01124D crossref_primary_10_3390_pharmaceutics14071363 crossref_primary_10_3390_antibiotics12040708 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_arth_2024_11_045 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_gene_2023_147388 crossref_primary_10_1021_acsami_5c09544 crossref_primary_10_1080_14787210_2025_2473077 crossref_primary_10_1039_D4TB02649G crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jiac_2024_05_013 crossref_primary_10_1186_s10020_023_00632_7 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms24010529 crossref_primary_10_4103_ijmy_ijmy_121_23 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jconrel_2023_10_029 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12951_025_03295_0 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_injury_2024_111631 crossref_primary_10_31616_asj_2025_0020 crossref_primary_10_3389_fcimb_2025_1592086 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_pmatsci_2025_101532 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_injury_2024_111638 crossref_primary_10_1002_cbdv_202500268 crossref_primary_10_1002_smll_202300592 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biomaterials_2025_123567 crossref_primary_10_1021_acsnano_4c17509 crossref_primary_10_1002_adma_202514419 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bioactmat_2025_07_009 crossref_primary_10_4049_jimmunol_2300561 crossref_primary_10_3390_antibiotics11101351 crossref_primary_10_2147_IDR_S479261 crossref_primary_10_3389_fcimb_2022_910970 crossref_primary_10_1039_D3MH01298K |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | 2022. Springer Nature Limited. Copyright Nature Publishing Group Jul 2022 |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: 2022. Springer Nature Limited. – notice: Copyright Nature Publishing Group Jul 2022 |
| DBID | CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM 3V. 7QL 7RV 7U9 7X7 7XB 88A 88E 88I 8AO 8C1 8FD 8FE 8FH 8FI 8FJ 8FK ABUWG AEUYN AFKRA AZQEC BBNVY BENPR BHPHI BKSAR C1K CCPQU DWQXO FR3 FYUFA GHDGH GNUQQ H94 HCIFZ K9. KB0 LK8 M0S M1P M2P M7N M7P NAPCQ P64 PCBAR PHGZM PHGZT PJZUB PKEHL PPXIY PQEST PQGLB PQQKQ PQUKI PRINS Q9U RC3 7X8 |
| DOI | 10.1038/s41579-022-00686-0 |
| DatabaseName | Medline MEDLINE MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE MEDLINE PubMed ProQuest Central (Corporate) Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B) Nursing & Allied Health Database Virology and AIDS Abstracts Health & Medical Collection ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016) Biology Database (Alumni Edition) Medical Database (Alumni Edition) Science Database (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Pharma Collection Public Health Database Technology Research Database ProQuest SciTech Collection ProQuest Natural Science Collection ProQuest Hospital Collection Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016) ProQuest Central (Alumni) ProQuest One Sustainability ProQuest Central UK/Ireland ProQuest Central Essentials - QC Biological Science Collection ProQuest Central Natural Science Collection Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Collection Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management ProQuest One Community College ProQuest Central Engineering Research Database Proquest Health Research Premium Collection Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni) ProQuest Central Student AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts SciTech Premium Collection ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition) Biological Sciences ProQuest Health & Medical Collection Medical Database Science Database Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C) Biological Science Database Nursing & Allied Health Premium Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Database ProQuest Central Premium ProQuest One Academic (New) ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest One Health & Nursing ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE) ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences ProQuest One Academic (retired) ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest Central China ProQuest Central Basic Genetics Abstracts MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitle | MEDLINE Medline Complete MEDLINE with Full Text PubMed MEDLINE (Ovid) ProQuest Central Student ProQuest Central Essentials SciTech Premium Collection ProQuest Central China Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences ProQuest One Sustainability Health Research Premium Collection Natural Science Collection Health & Medical Research Collection Biological Science Collection ProQuest Central (New) ProQuest Medical Library (Alumni) Virology and AIDS Abstracts ProQuest Science Journals (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Biological Science Collection ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Database ProQuest Hospital Collection Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni) Biological Science Database ProQuest Hospital Collection (Alumni) Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts Nursing & Allied Health Premium ProQuest Health & Medical Complete ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health Source (Alumni) Engineering Research Database ProQuest One Academic ProQuest One Academic (New) Technology Research Database ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition) ProQuest One Community College ProQuest One Health & Nursing ProQuest Natural Science Collection ProQuest Pharma Collection ProQuest Biology Journals (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Central Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Collection ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection Genetics Abstracts Health and Medicine Complete (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Central Korea Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B) Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C) AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts ProQuest Public Health ProQuest Central Basic ProQuest Science Journals ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health Source ProQuest SciTech Collection ProQuest Medical Library ProQuest Central (Alumni) MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitleList | MEDLINE MEDLINE - Academic ProQuest Central Student |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 2 dbid: BENPR name: ProQuest Central url: https://www.proquest.com/central sourceTypes: Aggregation Database |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Biology |
| EISSN | 1740-1534 |
| EndPage | 400 |
| ExternalDocumentID | 35169289 |
| Genre | Review Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural |
| GrantInformation_xml | – fundername: NIAMS NIH HHS grantid: P30 AR069655 – fundername: NIAMS NIH HHS grantid: P50 AR072000 |
| GroupedDBID | --- .55 0R~ 123 29M 36B 39C 4.4 53G 70F 7RV 7X7 88E 88I 8AO 8C1 8CJ 8FE 8FH 8FI 8FJ 8R4 8R5 AARCD AAWYQ AAYZH ABAWZ ABDBF ABJNI ABLJU ABUWG ACGFO ACGFS ACMJI ACPRK ACUHS ADBBV ADFRT AENEX AEUYN AFANA AFBBN AFKRA AFRAH AFSHS AGAYW AHBCP AHMBA AHOSX AHSBF AIBTJ ALFFA ALIPV ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS ALPWD AMTXH ARMCB ASPBG AVWKF AXYYD AZFZN AZQEC BBNVY BENPR BHPHI BKEYQ BKKNO BKSAR BPHCQ BVXVI CCPQU CGR CS3 CUY CVF D1J DB5 DU5 DWQXO EAD EAP EAS EBS ECM EE. EIF EJD EMB EMK EMOBN ESX EX3 EXGXG F5P FEDTE FQGFK FSGXE FYUFA GNUQQ HCIFZ HMCUK HVGLF HZ~ IAO IH2 IHR INH INR ITC LGEZI LK8 LOTEE M1P M2P M7P MM. N9A NADUK NAPCQ NFIDA NNMJJ NPM NXXTH O9- ODYON P2P PCBAR PHGZT PQQKQ PROAC PSQYO Q2X QF4 QM4 QN7 QO4 RNR RNT RNTTT SHXYY SIXXV SNYQT SOJ SV3 TAOOD TBHMF TDRGL TSG TUS UKHRP WOW X7M 3V. 7QL 7U9 7XB 88A 8FD 8FK ABFSG ACSTC AEZWR AFHIU AGSTI AHWEU AIXLP ATHPR C1K FR3 H94 K9. M7N P64 PHGZM PJZUB PKEHL PPXIY PQEST PQGLB PQUKI PRINS Q9U RC3 7X8 PUEGO |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-e6e58356abb45974f62d62cbd1cb42ee33d228c787f3d2794eb86652665a9ef03 |
| IEDL.DBID | M7P |
| ISICitedReferencesCount | 460 |
| ISICitedReferencesURI | http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000755437100002&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| ISSN | 1740-1526 1740-1534 |
| IngestDate | Thu Oct 02 18:42:51 EDT 2025 Mon Oct 06 17:04:10 EDT 2025 Thu Apr 03 07:04:34 EDT 2025 |
| IsDoiOpenAccess | false |
| IsOpenAccess | true |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Issue | 7 |
| Language | English |
| License | 2022. Springer Nature Limited. |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c474t-e6e58356abb45974f62d62cbd1cb42ee33d228c787f3d2794eb86652665a9ef03 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 ObjectType-Review-3 content type line 23 |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-7521-6154 0000-0003-2307-0397 0000-0002-4854-9698 0000-0002-9981-624X 0000-0003-0176-1111 0000-0001-9384-4840 |
| OpenAccessLink | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC8852989 |
| PMID | 35169289 |
| PQID | 2677227265 |
| PQPubID | 27584 |
| PageCount | 16 |
| ParticipantIDs | proquest_miscellaneous_2629381565 proquest_journals_2677227265 pubmed_primary_35169289 |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2022-07-01 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2022-07-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 07 year: 2022 text: 2022-07-01 day: 01 |
| PublicationDecade | 2020 |
| PublicationPlace | England |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: England – name: London |
| PublicationTitle | Nature reviews. Microbiology |
| PublicationTitleAlternate | Nat Rev Microbiol |
| PublicationYear | 2022 |
| Publisher | Nature Publishing Group |
| Publisher_xml | – name: Nature Publishing Group |
| SSID | ssj0025572 |
| Score | 2.736294 |
| SecondaryResourceType | review_article |
| Snippet | Osteomyelitis remains one of the greatest risks in orthopaedic surgery. Although many organisms are linked to skeletal infections, Staphylococcus aureus... |
| SourceID | proquest pubmed |
| SourceType | Aggregation Database Index Database |
| StartPage | 385 |
| SubjectTerms | Abscesses Algorithms Biofilms Biomedical materials Bone implants Bone surgery Bones Humans Immune Evasion Immunity Microorganisms New technology Orthopedics Osteomyelitis Osteomyelitis - drug therapy Osteomyelitis - microbiology Pathogenesis Pathogens Skeletal system Staphylococcal Infections - therapy Staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcus infections Surgery |
| Title | Skeletal infections: microbial pathogenesis, immunity and clinical management |
| URI | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35169289 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2677227265 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2629381565 |
| Volume | 20 |
| WOSCitedRecordID | wos000755437100002&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| link | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV3JTsMwEB1BCxIX9qUsVZA4YpE6XlIuCFArDjSK2NRbldgOqhApNC1S_56xm5QTXLiMslhRZM_4PduzAJy1mBEpAilB9NOEMSNJYkRIAkUzhLuEceWy69_LKAr7_XZcbrgVpVtlNSe6iVqPlN0jv6ACeSCVVPCrj09iq0bZ09WyhMYy1G2WhMC57sWLBRfnrngTkm6fIE6JMmjGD8KLAoFLton1ZXdREsT_nWI6qOlu_PcnN2G9JJne9VwrtmDJ5NuwOi87OduB3uMbgg2ybq9yxcqLS-996HIy4VNbpXj0aifBYXHuDV0EyWTmJbn2qkBK733hNrMLz93O0-0dKcsqEMUkmxAjDEfeJZI0ZXY5kQmqBVWpbqmUUWOCQFMaKrTkDK_QXk1qk-IhkvOkbTI_2INaPsrNAXg65MZIrVSILIElLG1zP9OWhiCvky3egOOqnwalbRSDn05qwOniNWq1PapIcjOa2jZIQ2wiG2yzPx-Lwcc8_cYgsEd7uE48_PvjR7BG3fBa19pjqE3GU3MCK-prMizGTViWDy9W9qWTIcrwttWE-k0nih_wrkfjplMnlFHc-wY4GMxO |
| linkProvider | ProQuest |
| linkToHtml | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1LS8QwEB50VfTi-_2KoDeD3TRJu4KI-EBxXcQX3mqbpLKIXd2uyv4pf6OTdLue9ObBW2lDoJ3JfN90XgCbVW5kgkBKEf005dwENDYypL5iKcJdzIVy3fXrQaMR3t_XLgfgs6yFsWmVpU10hlq3lP1HvsMk8kAWMCn2X16pnRplo6vlCI1CLc5N9wNdtnzv7Ajlu8XYyfHN4SntTRWgige8Q400AmmHjJOEWzadSqYlU4muqoQzY3xfMxYqVOQUr1BdTWJ7wiGQibhmUs_HfQdhCO141aaQBVd3fQdPCDcsCkm-RxEXZa9Ix_PDnRyBMqhRmzvvqjKo9zOlddB2MvHfPsokjPdINDkotH4KBkw2DSPFWM3uDFxcPyGYoldBylSzLN8lz03Xcwrv2inMrUdr5Jv5Nmm6CplOl8SZJmWhKHnupwXNwu2fvMscVLJWZhaA6FAYE2ilQmRBPOZJTXiptjQLeWtQFYuwUsol6p39PPoWyiJs9B_jqbWhmDgzrTe7BmmWbdSDa-YL2UcvRXuRyLehS_SDl37ffB1GT28u6lH9rHG-DGPMqZZNI16BSqf9ZlZhWL13mnl7zSkpgYe_VoAvqLMhsA |
| linkToPdf | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1LS8QwEB5848X3-xVBb4btpmnaFUREXVxWF0EFb7VNUllku-t2Vfav-eucpO160psHb6UNgXYm831pvpkBOKhyLWIEUoropyjn2qeRFgF1JUsQ7iLuSVtd_9pvtYLHx9rtGHyWuTBGVlnGRBuoVVeaf-QVJpAHMp8Jr5IUsojbi_pp75WaDlLmpLVsp5G7SFMPP3D7lp00LtDWh4zVL-_Pr2jRYYBK7vMB1UJ7SEFEFMfcMOtEMCWYjFVVxpxp7bqKsUCiUyd4ha6rY1MfDkHNi2o6cVycdxwmfRe92GSpn4_kJcjUbeMoJPwORYwURcKO4waVDEHTr1Gjo7cZGtT5md5amKvP_-cPtABzBbkmZ_lqWIQxnS7BdN5uc7gMN3cvCLK42yClBC3NjkmnbWtR4V3Tnbn7bIJ_OzsibZs5MxiSKFWkTCAlnZFcaAUe_uRdVmEi7aZ6HYgKPK19JWWA7IhHPK55TqIM_UI-61e9DdgubRQWMSELvw20Afujx7iazRFNlOrumxmD9MsU8MExa7kfhL287EjomiNN3B9v_j75Hsyg3cPrRqu5BbPMeplRF2_DxKD_pndgSr4P2ll_1_orgae_tv8XGN0qCw |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Skeletal+infections%3A+microbial+pathogenesis%2C+immunity+and+clinical+management&rft.jtitle=Nature+reviews.+Microbiology&rft.date=2022-07-01&rft.pub=Nature+Publishing+Group&rft.issn=1740-1526&rft.eissn=1740-1534&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=385&rft.epage=400&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fs41579-022-00686-0&rft.externalDBID=HAS_PDF_LINK |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1740-1526&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1740-1526&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1740-1526&client=summon |