Environmental exposure disparities in ultrafine particles and PM2.5 by urbanicity and socio-demographics in New York state, 2013–2020

The spatiotemporal and demographic disparities in exposure to ultrafine particles (UFP; number concentrations of particulate matter (PM) with diameter ≤0.1 μm), a key subcomponent of fine aerosols (PM2.5; mass concentrations of PM ≤ 2.5 μm), have not been well studied. To quantify and compare the ae...

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Vydáno v:Environmental research Ročník 239; číslo Pt 2; s. 117246
Hlavní autoři: Nair, Arshad Arjunan, Lin, Shao, Luo, Gan, Ryan, Ian, Qi, Quan, Deng, Xinlei, Yu, Fangqun
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: Elsevier Inc 15.12.2023
Témata:
Aerosols
Air quality
environmental exposure
Environmental justice
Fine particulate matter
income
New York
particulates
pollutants
pollution
Public health inequalities
sociodemographic characteristics
Ultrafine particles
urbanization
New York
Aerosols
Air quality
Ultrafine particles
Public health inequalities
Fine particulate matter
Environmental justice
ISSN:0013-9351, 1096-0953, 1096-0953
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Shrnutí:The spatiotemporal and demographic disparities in exposure to ultrafine particles (UFP; number concentrations of particulate matter (PM) with diameter ≤0.1 μm), a key subcomponent of fine aerosols (PM2.5; mass concentrations of PM ≤ 2.5 μm), have not been well studied. To quantify and compare the aerosol pollutant exposure disparities for UFP and PM2.5 by socio-demographic factors in New York State (NYS). Ambient atmospheric UFP and PM2.5 were quantified using a global three-dimensional model of chemical transport with state-of-the-science aerosol microphysical processes validated extensively with observations. We matched these to U.S. census demographic data for varied spatial scales (state, county, county subdivision) and derived population-weighted aerosol exposure estimates. Aerosol exposure disparities for each demographic and socioeconomic (SES) indicator, with a focus on race-ethnicity and income, were quantified for the period 2013–2020. The average NYS resident was exposed to 4451 #·cm−3 UFP and 7.87 μg·m−3 PM2.5 in 2013–2020, but minority race-ethnicity groups were invariably exposed to greater daily aerosol pollution (UFP: +75.0% & PM2.5: +16.2%). UFP has increased since 2017 and is temporally and seasonally out-of-phase with PM2.5. Race-ethnicity exposure disparities for PM2.5 have declined over time; by −6% from 2013 to 2017 and plateaued thereafter despite its decreasing concentrations. In contrast, these disparities have increased (+12.5–13.5%) for UFP. The aerosol pollution exposure disparities were the highest for low-income minorities and were more amplified for UFP than PM2.5. We identified large disparities in aerosol pollution exposure by urbanization level and socio-demographics in NYS residents. Jurisdictions with higher proportions of race-ethnicity minorities, low-income residents, and greater urbanization were disproportionately exposed to higher concentrations of UFP and PM2.5 than other NYS residents. These race-ethnicity exposure disparities were much larger, more disproportionate, and unabating over time for UFP compared to PM2.5 across various income strata and levels of urbanicity. [Display omitted] •There is a need to distinguish ultrafine (UFP) & fine (PM2.5) particles exposures•Robust aerosol exposure analysis with high temporal resolution and spatial coverage•Minority race-ethnicity and low-income subgroups most exposed to aerosol pollution•UFP exposure disparities are larger, more disproportionate, and unabating over time
Bibliografie:ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
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ISSN:0013-9351
1096-0953
1096-0953
DOI:10.1016/j.envres.2023.117246