Boolean functions with multiplicative complexity 3 and 4

Multiplicative complexity (MC) is defined as the minimum number of AND gates required to implement a function with a circuit over the basis (AND, XOR, NOT). Boolean functions with MC 1 and 2 have been characterized in Fisher and Peralta ( 2002 ), and Find et al. (IJICoT 4 (4), 222–236, 2017 ), respe...

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Vydáno v:Cryptography and communications Ročník 12; číslo 5; s. 935 - 946
Hlavní autoři: Çalık, Çağdaş, Turan, Meltem Sönmez, Peralta, René
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: New York Springer US 01.09.2020
Springer Nature B.V
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ISSN:1936-2447, 1936-2455
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Shrnutí:Multiplicative complexity (MC) is defined as the minimum number of AND gates required to implement a function with a circuit over the basis (AND, XOR, NOT). Boolean functions with MC 1 and 2 have been characterized in Fisher and Peralta ( 2002 ), and Find et al. (IJICoT 4 (4), 222–236, 2017 ), respectively. In this work, we identify the affine equivalence classes for functions with MC 3 and 4. In order to achieve this, we utilize the notion of the dimension d i m ( f ) of a Boolean function in relation to its linearity dimension, and provide a new lower bound suggesting that the multiplicative complexity of f is at least ⌈ d i m ( f )/2⌉. For MC 3, this implies that there are no equivalence classes other than those 24 identified in Çalık et al. ( 2018 ). Using the techniques from Çalık et al. and the new relation between the dimension and MC, we identify all 1277 equivalence classes having MC 4. We also provide a closed formula for the number of n -variable functions with MC 3 and 4. These results allow us to construct AND-optimal circuits for Boolean functions that have MC 4 or less, independent of the number of variables they are defined on.
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ISSN:1936-2447
1936-2455
DOI:10.1007/s12095-020-00445-z