Play-Based Activities with a CoderBot Robot on a Pediatric Ward: A Case Study

Being hospitalized is a threatening and stressful experience for many children. From a psychological point of view, children may experience increased feelings of anxiety and fear that can negatively influence their behavioral, cognitive, and emotional outcomes. To mitigate such adverse effects on ch...

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Published in:	Healthcare (Basel) Vol. 10; no. 7; p. 1209
Main Authors:	Castiglioni, Marco, Caldiroli, Cristina Liviana, Antonietti, Alessandro
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Basel MDPI AG 28.06.2022 MDPI
Subjects:	Anxiety Care and treatment Caregivers Children & youth Coronaviruses COVID-19 Design Emotions Health aspects Hospitalization Hospitals Medical research Pandemics Pediatric research Pediatrics Play therapy Robotics Robots Sick children Technology application Well being Italy
ISSN:	2227-9032, 2227-9032
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Abstract	Being hospitalized is a threatening and stressful experience for many children. From a psychological point of view, children may experience increased feelings of anxiety and fear that can negatively influence their behavioral, cognitive, and emotional outcomes. To mitigate such adverse effects on children’s mental health and well-being, interventions that might contribute to protecting the emotional domain of hospitalized children are welcome. The present case study of a single-setting intervention allowed us to evaluate the impact, on children admitted to a pediatric short-term recovery ward (N = 61), of participating in play-based activities with a CoderBot robot. The methodology spanned multiple data sources (children, parents, nurses), field observation, and a sequential (quantitative–qualitative) mixed-method approach to data analysis. We found that robot-based activities are associated with enhanced well-being (particularly positive emotions). Both the participating children and their caregivers reported that the activity was enjoyable and interesting, especially thanks to its technologically innovative nature. We critically discuss these positive findings in relation to the strengths of our pilot study, as well as its contextual and methodological limitations, and outline possible future lines of development for this kind of project.
AbstractList	Being hospitalized is a threatening and stressful experience for many children. From a psychological point of view, children may experience increased feelings of anxiety and fear that can negatively influence their behavioral, cognitive, and emotional outcomes. To mitigate such adverse effects on children’s mental health and well-being, interventions that might contribute to protecting the emotional domain of hospitalized children are welcome. The present case study of a single-setting intervention allowed us to evaluate the impact, on children admitted to a pediatric short-term recovery ward (N = 61), of participating in play-based activities with a CoderBot robot. The methodology spanned multiple data sources (children, parents, nurses), field observation, and a sequential (quantitative–qualitative) mixed-method approach to data analysis. We found that robot-based activities are associated with enhanced well-being (particularly positive emotions). Both the participating children and their caregivers reported that the activity was enjoyable and interesting, especially thanks to its technologically innovative nature. We critically discuss these positive findings in relation to the strengths of our pilot study, as well as its contextual and methodological limitations, and outline possible future lines of development for this kind of project. Being hospitalized is a threatening and stressful experience for many children. From a psychological point of view, children may experience increased feelings of anxiety and fear that can negatively influence their behavioral, cognitive, and emotional outcomes. To mitigate such adverse effects on children's mental health and well-being, interventions that might contribute to protecting the emotional domain of hospitalized children are welcome. The present case study of a single-setting intervention allowed us to evaluate the impact, on children admitted to a pediatric short-term recovery ward (N = 61), of participating in play-based activities with a CoderBot robot. The methodology spanned multiple data sources (children, parents, nurses), field observation, and a sequential (quantitative-qualitative) mixed-method approach to data analysis. We found that robot-based activities are associated with enhanced well-being (particularly positive emotions). Both the participating children and their caregivers reported that the activity was enjoyable and interesting, especially thanks to its technologically innovative nature. We critically discuss these positive findings in relation to the strengths of our pilot study, as well as its contextual and methodological limitations, and outline possible future lines of development for this kind of project.Being hospitalized is a threatening and stressful experience for many children. From a psychological point of view, children may experience increased feelings of anxiety and fear that can negatively influence their behavioral, cognitive, and emotional outcomes. To mitigate such adverse effects on children's mental health and well-being, interventions that might contribute to protecting the emotional domain of hospitalized children are welcome. The present case study of a single-setting intervention allowed us to evaluate the impact, on children admitted to a pediatric short-term recovery ward (N = 61), of participating in play-based activities with a CoderBot robot. The methodology spanned multiple data sources (children, parents, nurses), field observation, and a sequential (quantitative-qualitative) mixed-method approach to data analysis. We found that robot-based activities are associated with enhanced well-being (particularly positive emotions). Both the participating children and their caregivers reported that the activity was enjoyable and interesting, especially thanks to its technologically innovative nature. We critically discuss these positive findings in relation to the strengths of our pilot study, as well as its contextual and methodological limitations, and outline possible future lines of development for this kind of project.
Audience	Academic
Author	Castiglioni, Marco Caldiroli, Cristina Liviana Antonietti, Alessandro
AuthorAffiliation	2 Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 20123 Milan, Italy; alessandro.antonietti@unicatt.it 1 Department of Human Sciences for Education “Riccardo Massa”, University of Milan-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy; cristina.caldiroli@unimib.it
AuthorAffiliation_xml	– name: 2 Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 20123 Milan, Italy; alessandro.antonietti@unicatt.it – name: 1 Department of Human Sciences for Education “Riccardo Massa”, University of Milan-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy; cristina.caldiroli@unimib.it
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SubjectTerms	Anxiety Care and treatment Caregivers Children & youth Coronaviruses COVID-19 Design Emotions Health aspects Hospitalization Hospitals Medical research Pandemics Pediatric research Pediatrics Play therapy Robotics Robots Sick children Technology application Well being
Title	Play-Based Activities with a CoderBot Robot on a Pediatric Ward: A Case Study
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