Analytic thinking predicts accuracy ratings and willingness to share COVID-19 misinformation in Australia
The classical account of reasoning posits that analytic thinking weakens belief in COVID-19 misinformation. We tested this account in a demographically representative sample of 742 Australians. Participants completed a performance-based measure of analytic thinking (the Cognitive Reflection Test) an...
Uloženo v:
| Vydáno v: | Memory & cognition Ročník 50; číslo 2; s. 425 - 434 |
|---|---|
| Hlavní autoři: | , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Vydáno: |
New York
Springer US
01.02.2022
Springer Nature B.V |
| Témata: | |
| ISSN: | 0090-502X, 1532-5946, 1532-5946 |
| On-line přístup: | Získat plný text |
| Tagy: |
Přidat tag
Žádné tagy, Buďte první, kdo vytvoří štítek k tomuto záznamu!
|
| Abstract | The classical account of reasoning posits that analytic thinking weakens belief in COVID-19 misinformation. We tested this account in a demographically representative sample of 742 Australians. Participants completed a performance-based measure of analytic thinking (the Cognitive Reflection Test) and were randomized to groups in which they either rated the perceived accuracy of claims about COVID-19 or indicated whether they would be willing to share these claims. Half of these claims were previously debunked misinformation, and half were statements endorsed by public health agencies. We found that participants with higher analytic thinking levels were less likely to rate COVID-19 misinformation as accurate and were less likely to be willing to share COVID-19 misinformation. These results support the classical account of reasoning for the topic of COVID-19 misinformation and extend it to the Australian context. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | The classical account of reasoning posits that analytic thinking weakens belief in COVID-19 misinformation. We tested this account in a demographically representative sample of 742 Australians. Participants completed a performance-based measure of analytic thinking (the Cognitive Reflection Test) and were randomized to groups in which they either rated the perceived accuracy of claims about COVID-19 or indicated whether they would be willing to share these claims. Half of these claims were previously debunked misinformation, and half were statements endorsed by public health agencies. We found that participants with higher analytic thinking levels were less likely to rate COVID-19 misinformation as accurate and were less likely to be willing to share COVID-19 misinformation. These results support the classical account of reasoning for the topic of COVID-19 misinformation and extend it to the Australian context. The classical account of reasoning posits that analytic thinking weakens belief in COVID-19 misinformation. We tested this account in a demographically representative sample of 742 Australians. Participants completed a performance-based measure of analytic thinking (the Cognitive Reflection Test) and were randomized to groups in which they either rated the perceived accuracy of claims about COVID-19 or indicated whether they would be willing to share these claims. Half of these claims were previously debunked misinformation, and half were statements endorsed by public health agencies. We found that participants with higher analytic thinking levels were less likely to rate COVID-19 misinformation as accurate and were less likely to be willing to share COVID-19 misinformation. These results support the classical account of reasoning for the topic of COVID-19 misinformation and extend it to the Australian context.The classical account of reasoning posits that analytic thinking weakens belief in COVID-19 misinformation. We tested this account in a demographically representative sample of 742 Australians. Participants completed a performance-based measure of analytic thinking (the Cognitive Reflection Test) and were randomized to groups in which they either rated the perceived accuracy of claims about COVID-19 or indicated whether they would be willing to share these claims. Half of these claims were previously debunked misinformation, and half were statements endorsed by public health agencies. We found that participants with higher analytic thinking levels were less likely to rate COVID-19 misinformation as accurate and were less likely to be willing to share COVID-19 misinformation. These results support the classical account of reasoning for the topic of COVID-19 misinformation and extend it to the Australian context. The classical account of reasoning posits that analytic thinking weakens belief in COVID-19 misinformation. We tested this account in a demographically representative sample of 742 Australians. Participants completed a performance-based measure of analytic thinking (the Cognitive Reflection Test) and were randomized to groups in which they either rated the perceived accuracy of claims about COVID-19 or indicated whether they would be willing to share these claims. Half of these claims were previously debunked misinformation, and half were statements endorsed by public health agencies. We found that participants with higher analytic thinking levels were less likely to rate COVID-19 misinformation as accurate and were less likely to be willing to share COVID-19 misinformation. These results support the classical account of reasoning for the topic of COVID19 misinformation and extend it to the Australian context. |
| Author | Ross, Robert M. Van Rooy, Dirk Isler, Ozan Nurse, Matthew S. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Matthew S. orcidid: 0000-0003-1787-5914 surname: Nurse fullname: Nurse, Matthew S. email: matthew.nurse@anu.edu.au organization: Australian National Centre for the Public Awareness of Science, Australian National University – sequence: 2 givenname: Robert M. orcidid: 0000-0001-8711-1675 surname: Ross fullname: Ross, Robert M. organization: Department of Psychology, Macquarie University – sequence: 3 givenname: Ozan orcidid: 0000-0002-4638-2230 surname: Isler fullname: Isler, Ozan organization: School of Economics and Finance, Queensland University of Technology – QUT – sequence: 4 givenname: Dirk orcidid: 0000-0003-2525-5408 surname: Van Rooy fullname: Van Rooy, Dirk organization: Research School of Psychology, Australian National University |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34453286$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
| BookMark | eNp9UU1vEzEQtVARTQt_gAOyxIXLgr_Xe0GKwlelSr0A4mZ5vU7isrGD7S3Kv2eWtHz00MNoNJ73nt_MnKGTmKJH6Dklr3kr9ZtCuWC0IXNQRrtGPkILKjlrZCfUCVoQ0pFGEvbtFJ2Vck0IkbJTT9ApFwJgWi1QWEY7HmpwuG5D_B7iBu-zH4KrBVvnpmzdAWdboQEPccA_wzhCEX0puCZctjZ7vLr6evGuoR3ehRLiOuUdMFLEIeLlVGq2Y7BP0eO1HYt_dpvP0ZcP7z-vPjWXVx8vVsvLxolW1IbaAbKlqhecEtYKRhgXbe_7VmtFCOu5aonqnOgl73UPow5DJ61XUNGB8HP09qi7n_qdH5yP8_9mn8PO5oNJNpj_OzFszSbdGM07yfUs8OpWIKcfky_VwFTOj6ONPk3FMKkUEVQICtCX96DXacqwUUAp1mopYc-AevGvoz9W7q4AAH0EuJxKyX5tXKi_NwgGw2goMfPBzfHghswxH9xIoLJ71Dv1B0n8SCoAjhuf_9p-gPULxLi9Qg |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_024_80296_3 crossref_primary_10_3390_healthcare10071302 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41597_023_02080_8 crossref_primary_10_1080_10410236_2025_2507676 crossref_primary_10_5406_19398298_138_1_03 crossref_primary_10_1177_23794607251336099 crossref_primary_10_3233_ISU_230185 crossref_primary_10_1177_13591053241264932 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12889_023_17437_2 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_copsyc_2023_101778 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijdrr_2022_103144 crossref_primary_10_1108_OIR_02_2022_0082 crossref_primary_10_2196_38944 crossref_primary_10_1080_20445911_2023_2216912 crossref_primary_10_1108_AJIM_10_2023_0439 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_023_42614_z crossref_primary_10_1515_commun_2023_0078 crossref_primary_10_3758_s13428_022_01984_4 crossref_primary_10_1080_20445911_2023_2241699 crossref_primary_10_1177_00936502231206419 crossref_primary_10_1038_s44271_025_00189_7 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cofs_2025_101309 crossref_primary_10_3389_fcomm_2021_744365 crossref_primary_10_1177_14614448221116569 crossref_primary_10_1089_cyber_2024_0407 crossref_primary_10_3389_fpsyg_2023_1127507 crossref_primary_10_1057_s41599_023_01813_9 crossref_primary_10_1080_10494820_2025_2454448 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1177/1745691612460685 10.1177/0963721415604610 10.2196/19659 10.1016/j.cogpsych.2015.05.001 10.31234/osf.io/v8ruj 10.1037/xge0000729 10.1257/089533005775196732 10.1016/j.cognition.2018.06.011 10.2196/23805 10.1177/1359105316650507 10.3758/s13428-017-0963-x 10.1177/0956797620939054 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00532 10.3758/s13421-011-0104-1 10.1016/j.copsyc.2020.03.014 10.31234/osf.io/zhjkp 10.1017/S1930297500008640 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-040119-094127 10.1016/j.pdisas.2020.100119 10.1177/09567976211024535 10.1007/s11336-008-9101-0 10.1007/bf02289858 10.31234/osf.io/u5/ 10.31234/osf.io/ydt95 10.1037/met0000144 10.1080/13546783.2020.1813806 10.3389/fcomm.2020.562588 10.1080/00221300309601282 10.1098/rsos.201199 10.31234/osf.io/p9wxj 10.1038/s41586-021-03344-2 10.1111/spc3.12265 10.1073/pnas.1806781116 10.1038/s41562-020-0884-z 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00009 10.37016/mr-2020-009 10.1017/S1930297500008147 10.2307/1422689 10.31234/osf.io/3nuzj 10.1007/s12144-020-00903-0 10.1016/j.jarmac.2018.09.005 10.31234/osf.io/79ejc 10.1186/s12916-020-01556-3 10.1177/1948550620940539 10.1017/s003329172000224x 10.1177/2053168018822174 10.1037/1082-989X.12.4.399 10.1177/1359105320962266 10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112552 10.1007/bf02295979 10.1371/journal.pone.0228882 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | The Psychonomic Society, Inc. 2021 2021. The Psychonomic Society, Inc. Copyright Springer Nature B.V. Feb 2022 |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: The Psychonomic Society, Inc. 2021 – notice: 2021. The Psychonomic Society, Inc. – notice: Copyright Springer Nature B.V. Feb 2022 |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM 0-V 3V. 7QG 7RV 7TK 7WY 7WZ 7X7 7XB 87Z 88E 88G 88J 8AO 8FI 8FJ 8FK 8FL 8G5 ABUWG AFKRA ALSLI AZQEC BENPR BEZIV CCPQU DWQXO FRNLG FYUFA F~G GHDGH GNUQQ GUQSH K60 K6~ K9. KB0 L.- L.0 M0C M0S M1P M2M M2O M2R MBDVC NAPCQ PHGZM PHGZT PJZUB PKEHL POGQB PPXIY PQBIZ PQBZA PQEST PQQKQ PQUKI PRINS PRQQA PSYQQ Q9U 7X8 5PM |
| DOI | 10.3758/s13421-021-01219-5 |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef Medline MEDLINE MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE MEDLINE PubMed ProQuest Social Sciences Premium Collection ProQuest Central (Corporate) Animal Behavior Abstracts Nursing & Allied Health Database Neurosciences Abstracts ProQuest ABI/INFORM Collection ABI/INFORM Global (PDF only) ProQuest Health & Medical Collection ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016) ABI/INFORM Global (Alumni Edition) Medical Database (Alumni Edition) Psychology Database (Alumni) Social Science Database (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Pharma Collection Hospital Premium Collection Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016) ABI/INFORM Collection (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Research Library ProQuest Central (Alumni) ProQuest Central UK/Ireland Social Science Premium Collection ProQuest Central Essentials ProQuest Central Business Premium Collection ProQuest One Community College ProQuest Central Business Premium Collection (Alumni) Health Research Premium Collection ABI/INFORM Global (Corporate) Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni) ProQuest Central Student Research Library Prep ProQuest Business Collection (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Business Collection ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition) ABI/INFORM Professional Advanced ABI/INFORM Professional Standard ABI/INFORM global Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition) PML(ProQuest Medical Library) Psychology Database ProQuest research library Social Science Database Research Library (Corporate) ProQuest Nursing and Allied Health Premium ProQuest Databases ProQuest One Academic ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest Sociology & Social Sciences Collection One Health & Nursing ProQuest One Business (OCUL) ProQuest One Business (Alumni) ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE) ProQuest One Academic (retired) ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest Central China One Social Sciences One Psychology ProQuest Central Basic MEDLINE - Academic PubMed Central (Full Participant titles) |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef MEDLINE Medline Complete MEDLINE with Full Text PubMed MEDLINE (Ovid) ProQuest Business Collection (Alumni Edition) ProQuest One Psychology Research Library Prep ProQuest Central Student ProQuest Central Essentials Sociology & Social Sciences Collection ProQuest Central China ABI/INFORM Complete Health Research Premium Collection Health & Medical Research Collection ProQuest Central (New) ProQuest Medical Library (Alumni) Business Premium Collection Social Science Premium Collection ABI/INFORM Global ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition ProQuest Hospital Collection Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni) ProQuest Business Collection Neurosciences Abstracts ProQuest Hospital Collection (Alumni) Nursing & Allied Health Premium ProQuest Health & Medical Complete ProQuest Social Science Journals ProQuest Social Sciences Premium Collection ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health Source (Alumni) ProQuest One Academic ProQuest One Academic (New) ABI/INFORM Global (Corporate) ProQuest One Business ProQuest Sociology & Social Sciences Collection ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest Social Science Journals (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition) ProQuest One Community College ProQuest One Health & Nursing Research Library (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Pharma Collection ProQuest Central ABI/INFORM Professional Advanced ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection Health and Medicine Complete (Alumni Edition) ABI/INFORM Professional Standard ProQuest Central Korea ProQuest Research Library ABI/INFORM Complete (Alumni Edition) ProQuest One Social Sciences ABI/INFORM Global (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Central Basic ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health Source ProQuest Psychology Journals (Alumni) ProQuest Medical Library ProQuest Psychology Journals Animal Behavior Abstracts ProQuest One Business (Alumni) ProQuest Central (Alumni) Business Premium Collection (Alumni) MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitleList | MEDLINE - Academic ProQuest Business Collection (Alumni Edition) MEDLINE |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 2 dbid: BENPR name: ProQuest Central url: https://www.proquest.com/central sourceTypes: Aggregation Database |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Psychology Public Health |
| EISSN | 1532-5946 |
| EndPage | 434 |
| ExternalDocumentID | PMC8395380 34453286 10_3758_s13421_021_01219_5 |
| Genre | Randomized Controlled Trial Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Journal Article |
| GeographicLocations | Australia Italy Slovakia United States--US |
| GeographicLocations_xml | – name: Australia – name: Slovakia – name: United States--US – name: Italy |
| GroupedDBID | --- --Z -55 -5G -BR -DZ -EM -ET -~C -~X .GJ 0-V 04C 06D 0R~ 0VY 123 186 18M 199 1N0 2.D 203 29M 2J2 2JN 2JY 2KG 2KM 2LR 2VQ 2WC 30V 3EH 3V. 4.4 406 408 40E 7RV 7WY 7X7 85S 88E 8AO 8FI 8FJ 8FL 8G5 8TC 8UJ 95. 96X 9M8 AAAVM AABHQ AACDK AAEWM AAGAY AAHNG AAIAL AAJBT AAJKR AANZL AARHV AARTL AASML AATNV AATVU AAUYE AAWCG AAWTL AAYIU AAYQN AAYTO AAYZH AAZMS ABAKF ABDPE ABDZT ABECU ABFTV ABHLI ABIVO ABJNI ABJOX ABJUD ABKCH ABLLD ABMQK ABNWP ABPLI ABPPZ ABQBU ABQSL ABSXP ABTAH ABTEG ABTHY ABTKH ABTMW ABULA ABUWG ABXPI ACAOD ACBNA ACBXY ACDTI ACGFO ACGFS ACHQT ACHSB ACHXU ACIHN ACKIV ACKNC ACMDZ ACMLO ACNCT ACOKC ACPIV ACPRK ACREN ACZOJ ADBBV ADHHG ADHIR ADINQ ADIYS ADKNI ADKPE ADLEJ ADMHG ADRFC ADTPH ADURQ ADYFF ADYOE ADZKW AEAQA AEBTG AEFQL AEGAL AEGNC AEJHL AEJRE AEKMD AEMSY AEOHA AEPYU AESKC AETCA AEVLU AEXYK AFBBN AFDYV AFFDN AFFNX AFKRA AFLOW AFQWF AFWTZ AFYQB AFZKB AGAYW AGDGC AGJBK AGMZJ AGNAY AGQEE AGQMX AGRTI AGWIL AGWZB AGYKE AHAVH AHBYD AHKAY AHMBA AHQJS AHSBF AHYZX AIAKS AIGIU AIIXL AILAN AITGF AJBLW AJRNO AJZVZ AKVCP ALIPV ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS ALSLI AMKLP AMTXH AMXSW AMYLF AMYQR AOCGG ARALO ARMRJ ASPBG AVWKF AXYYD AYQZM AZFZN AZQEC BAWUL BENPR BEZIV BGNMA BKEYQ BKOMP BMSDO BPHCQ BVXVI CAG CCPQU COF CSCUP DDRTE DIK DNIVK DPUIP DWQXO E3Z EBD EBLON EBS EBU EIHBH EIOEI EJD EMOBN ESBYG EX3 F5P FEDTE FERAY FFXSO FIGPU FINBP FNLPD FRNLG FRRFC FSGXE FYUFA GGCAI GGRSB GJIRD GNUQQ GNWQR GQ6 GQ7 GROUPED_ABI_INFORM_COMPLETE GUQSH H13 HF~ HMCUK HMJXF HRMNR HVGLF HZ~ H~9 IKXTQ IRVIT ITM IWAJR J-C JBSCW JZLTJ K60 K6~ KOV LLZTM LPU M0C M1P M2M M2O M2R M4Y MQGED MVM N2Q N9A NAPCQ NB0 NEJ NHB NPVJJ NQJWS NU0 O9- O93 O9G O9I O9J OHT OK1 P2P P9L PCD PF- PQBIZ PQBZA PQQKQ PROAC PSQYO PSYQQ PT4 QF4 QII QN7 QO5 QZG R9I RHV ROL RPV RSV RXW S16 S1Z S27 S3B SBS SBU SCLPG SHX SISQX SJYHP SNE SNPRN SNX SOHCF SOJ SPISZ SRMVM SSLCW SSXJD STPWE SV3 SZN T13 TAE TH9 TN5 TSG TUC TUS TWZ U2A U9L UAP UG4 UHB UKHRP UOJIU UTJUX UZXMN VC2 VFIZW VQA VXZ W48 WH7 WK8 WOW XJT XKC XOL XSW XZL YAE YIF YIN YNT YQI YQJ YQT YYP YYQ Z5M Z7U Z83 Z88 Z92 ZCA ZCG ZHY ZKG ZMTXR ZOVNA ZUP ZXP ZY4 AAPKM AAYXX ABBRH ABDBE ABFSG ABRTQ ABUFD ACSTC ADHKG ADXHL AETEA AEZWR AFDZB AFFHD AFHIU AFOHR AGQPQ AHPBZ AHWEU AIXLP ATHPR AYFIA CITATION PHGZM PHGZT PJZUB PPXIY PRQQA CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM 7QG 7TK 7XB 8FK K9. L.- L.0 MBDVC PKEHL POGQB PQEST PQUKI PRINS Q9U 7X8 PUEGO 5PM |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-1ad474a16b4310274202347beb7886002b367069c4b53b8b594dd95ae63b81d03 |
| IEDL.DBID | 7X7 |
| ISICitedReferencesCount | 32 |
| ISICitedReferencesURI | http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000690353400001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| ISSN | 0090-502X 1532-5946 |
| IngestDate | Tue Nov 04 01:59:19 EST 2025 Fri Sep 05 08:15:35 EDT 2025 Fri Nov 14 18:45:12 EST 2025 Wed Feb 19 02:27:14 EST 2025 Tue Nov 18 21:53:08 EST 2025 Sat Nov 29 04:01:48 EST 2025 Fri Feb 21 02:47:48 EST 2025 |
| IsDoiOpenAccess | true |
| IsOpenAccess | true |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Issue | 2 |
| Keywords | COVID-19 misinformation decision-making cognitive reflection classical account |
| Language | English |
| License | 2021. The Psychonomic Society, Inc. This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic. |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c474t-1ad474a16b4310274202347beb7886002b367069c4b53b8b594dd95ae63b81d03 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23 ObjectType-Undefined-3 |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-4638-2230 0000-0001-8711-1675 0000-0003-2525-5408 0000-0003-1787-5914 |
| OpenAccessLink | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC8395380 |
| PMID | 34453286 |
| PQID | 2627855453 |
| PQPubID | 976351 |
| PageCount | 10 |
| ParticipantIDs | pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_8395380 proquest_miscellaneous_2566041441 proquest_journals_2627855453 pubmed_primary_34453286 crossref_citationtrail_10_3758_s13421_021_01219_5 crossref_primary_10_3758_s13421_021_01219_5 springer_journals_10_3758_s13421_021_01219_5 |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2022-02-01 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2022-02-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 02 year: 2022 text: 2022-02-01 day: 01 |
| PublicationDecade | 2020 |
| PublicationPlace | New York |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: New York – name: United States |
| PublicationTitle | Memory & cognition |
| PublicationTitleAbbrev | Mem Cogn |
| PublicationTitleAlternate | Mem Cognit |
| PublicationYear | 2022 |
| Publisher | Springer US Springer Nature B.V |
| Publisher_xml | – name: Springer US – name: Springer Nature B.V |
| References | Ten BergeJMFSočanGThe greatest lower bound to the reliability of a test and the hypothesis of unidimensionalityPsychometrika200469461362510.1007/bf02289858 Revelle, W. (2020). psych: Procedures for psychological, psychometric, and personality research (R Package Version 1.9.12.31). Northwestern University. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/psych/psych.pdf Van Bavel, J. J., Harris, E. A., Pärnamets, P., Rathje, S., Doell, K., & Tucker, J. A. (2020). Political psychology in the digital (mis)information age.https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/u5 Kahneman, D. (2012). Thinking, fast and slow. Penguin. ToplakMEWestRFStanovichKEThe Cognitive Reflection Test as a predictor of performance on heuristics-and-biases tasksMemory & Cognition20113971275128910.3758/s13421-011-0104-1 Salvi, C., Iannello, P., Cancer, A., McClay, M., Rago, S., Dunsmoor, J. E., & Antonietti, A. (2021). Going viral: How fear, socio-cognitive polarization and problem-solving influence fake news detection and proliferation during COVID-19 pandemic. Frontiers in Communication, 5. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2020.562588 SijtsmaKOn the use, the misuse, and the very limited usefulness of Cronbach’s alphaPsychometrika200974110712010.1007/s11336-008-9101-02003763920037639 WHO. (2020). Director General's speech to the Munich Security Conference. World Health Organization. Retrieved 13 April 2021 from https://www.who.int/dg/speeches/detail/munich-security-conference WangYMcKeeMTorbicaAStucklerDSystematic Literature Review on the Spread of Health-related Misinformation on Social MediaSocial Science & Medicine201924011255210.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112552 Van BavelJJBaickerKBoggioPSCapraroVCichockaACikaraMCrockettMJCrumAJDouglasKMDruckmanJNDruryJDubeOEllemersNFinkelEJFowlerJHGelfandMHanSHaslamSAJettenJKitayamaSMobbsDNapperLEPackerDJPennycookGPetersEPettyRERandDGReicherSDSchnallSShariffASkitkaLJSmithSSSunsteinCRTabriNTuckerJALindenSVDLangePVWeedenKAWohlMJAZakiJZionSRWillerRUsing social and behavioural science to support COVID-19 pandemic responseNature Human Behaviour20204546047110.1038/s41562-020-0884-z32355299 Sinayev, A., & Peters, E. (2015). Cognitive reflection vs. calculation in decision making. Frontiers in Psychology, 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00532 Pennycook, G., & Rand, D. (2021). Reducing the spread of fake news by shifting attention to accuracy: Meta-analytic evidence of replicability and generalizability. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/v8ruj Roser, M., Ritchie, H., Ortiz-Ospina, E., & Hasell, J. (2020). Coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19). https://ourworldindata.org/coronavirus FrederickSCognitive reflection and decision makingJournal of Economic Perspectives2005194254210.1257/089533005775196732 SindermannCCooperAMontagCA short review on susceptibility to falling for fake political newsCurrent Opinion in Psychology202036444610.1016/j.copsyc.2020.03.01432521507 Levy, N., & Ross, R. (2021). The cognitive science of fake news. In M. Hannon & J. de Ridder (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of political epistemology (pp. 181–191). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/3nuzj Park, S., Fisher, C., Lee, J. Y., & McGuiness, K. (2020). COVID-19: Australian news and misinformation. Univerity of Canberra. https://www.canberra.edu.au/research/faculty-research-centres/nmrc/publications/documents/COVID-19-Australian-news-and-misinformation.pdf PennycookGFugelsangJAKoehlerDJEveryday consequences of analytic thinkingCurrent Directions in Psychological Science201524642543210.1177/0963721415604610 RossRMRandDGPennycookGBeyond “fake news”: Analytic thinking and the detection of false and hyperpartisan news headlinesJudgment and Decision Making2021162484504http://journal.sjdm.org/20/200616b/jdm200616b.html Calvillo, D. P., Ross, B. J., Garcia, R. J. B., Smelter, T. J., & Rutchick, A. M. (2020). Political ideology predicts perceptions of the threat of COVID-19 (and susceptibility to fake news about it). Social Psychological and Personality Science, 194855062094053. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550620940539 Bago, B., Rand, D. G., & Pennycook, G. (2021). Fake news, fast and slow: Deliberation reduces belief in false (but not true) news headlines. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000729 EarnshawVABogartLMKlompasMKatzITMedical mistrust in the context of Ebola: Implications for intended care-seeking and quarantine policy support in the United StatesJournal of Health Psychology201924221922810.1177/135910531665050727257264 EvansJSBTStanovichKEDual-process theories of higher cognitionPerspectives on Psychological Science20138322324110.1177/17456916124606852617296526172965 Pennycook, G., & Ross, R. M. (2016). Commentary: Cognitive reflection vs. calculation in decision making. Frontiers in Psychology, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00009 Alper, S., Bayrak, F., & Yilmaz, O. (2020). Psychological correlates of COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs and preventive measures: Evidence from Turkey. Current Psychology. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-020-00903-0 PennycookGFugelsangJAKoehlerDJWhat makes us think? A three-stage dual-process model of analytic engagementCognitive Psychology201580347210.1016/j.cogpsych.2015.05.00126091582 Mosleh, M., Pennycook, G., & Rand, D. G. (2020). Self-reported willingness to share political news articles in online surveys correlates with actual sharing on Twitter. PLOS ONE, 15(2), Article e0228882. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0228882 Roozenbeek, J., Schneider, C. R., Dryhurst, S., Kerr, J., Freeman, A. L. J., Recchia, G., Van Der Bles, A. M., & Van Der Linden, S. (2020). Susceptibility to misinformation about COVID-19 around the world. Royal Society Open Science, 7(10), Article 201199. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.201199 R Core Team. (2018). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. In R Foundation for Statistical Computing. https://www.R-project.org ZouGYToward Using Confidence Intervals to Compare CorrelationsPsychological methods200712439941310.1037/1082-989X.12.4.39918179351 Commonwealth of Australia. (2020). Biosecurity Human Biosecurity Emergency, Human Coronavirus with Pandemic Potential Declaration. Commonwealth of Australia. https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/F2020L00266 JacksonPHAgunwambaCCLower bounds for the reliability of the total score on a test composed of non-homogeneous items: I. Algebraic lower boundsPsychometrika197742456757810.1007/bf02295979 Venables, W., & Ripley, B. (2020). Modern Applied Statistics with S. In Springer. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/MASS/index.html Sadeghiyeh, H., Khanahmadi, I., Farhadbeigi, P., & Karimi, N. (2020). Cognitive reflection and the coronavirus conspiracy beliefs. PsyArXiv Preprints. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/p9wxj Fazio, L. (2020). Pausing to consider why a headline is true or false can help reduce the sharing of false news. Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation Review. https://doi.org/10.37016/mr-2020-009 Poynter. (2020). International Fact-Checking Network's code of principles. Poynter. Retrieved 5 June from https://ifcncodeofprinciples.poynter.org BialekMPennycookGThe cognitive reflection test is robust to multiple exposuresBehavior Research Methods20185051953195910.3758/s13428-017-0963-x28849403 Swire-ThompsonBLazerDPublic Health and Online Misinformation: Challenges and RecommendationsAnnual Review of Public Health202041143345110.1146/annurev-publhealth-040119-09412731874069 Essential Research. (2020). The Essential Report 18 May 2020. https://essentialvision.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Essential-Report-180520-1.pdf PennycookGRandDGFighting misinformation on social media using crowdsourced judgments of news source qualityProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America201911672521252610.1073/pnas.1806781116306922526377495 HittnerJBMayKSilverNCA Monte Carlo Evaluation of tests for comparing dependent correlationsThe Journal of General Psychology2003130214916810.1080/0022130030960128212773018 Pennycook, G., McPhetres, J., Bago, B., & Rand, D. (2021). Beliefs about COVID-19 in Canada, the U.K., and the U.S.A.: A novel test of political polarization and motivated reasoning. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin.https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/zhjkp Van Bavel, J. J., Cichocka, A., Capraro, V., Sjåstad, H., Nezlek, J. B., Pavlović, T., et al. (2020). National identity predicts public health support during a global pandemic. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/ydt95 PennycookGRandDGLazy, not biased: Susceptibility to partisan fake news is better explained by lack of reasoning than by motivated reasoningCognition2019188395010.1016/j.cognition.2018.06.01129935897 Stanley, M. L., Barr, N., Peters, K., & Seli, P. (2020). Analytic-thinking predicts hoax beliefs and helping behaviors in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Thinking & Reasoning, 1–14. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/13546783.2020.1813806 Roozenbeek, J., Freeman, A. L. J., & Van Der Linden, S. (2021). How accurate are accuracy-nudge interventions? A preregistered direct replication of Pennycook et al. (2020). Psychological Science, 095679762110245. https://doi.org/10.1177/09567976211024535 Martel, C., Pennycook, G., & Rand, D. G. (2019). Reliance on emotion promotes belief in fake news. Yale University Press. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/79ejc Paulhus, D. L. (2002). Socially desirable responding: The evolution of a construct. In H. I. Braun, D. N. Jackson, & D. E. Wiley (Eds.), The role of constructs in psychological and educational measurement (pp. 49–69). Erlbaum. BronsteinMVPennycookGBearARandDGCannonTDBelief in fake news is associated with delusionality, dogmatism, religious fundamentalism, and reduced analytic thinkingJournal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition20198110811710.1016/j.jarmac.2018.09.005 SheeranPWebbTLThe intention-behavior gapSocial and Personality Psychology Compass201610950351810.1111/spc3.12265 Allington, D., Duffy, B., Wessely, S., Dhavan, N., & 1219_CR52 1219_CR50 A Coppock (1219_CR10) 2019; 6 1219_CR12 1219_CR54 1219_CR9 1219_CR59 WHO (1219_CR63) 2021 1219_CR14 1219_CR58 1219_CR7 C Spearman (1219_CR51) 1987; 100 1219_CR8 1219_CR19 1219_CR3 1219_CR4 1219_CR1 1219_CR2 G Pennycook (1219_CR28) 2019; 188 1219_CR60 1219_CR20 1219_CR62 1219_CR24 B Swire-Thompson (1219_CR53) 2020; 41 1219_CR23 1219_CR22 1219_CR21 1219_CR26 1219_CR25 S Frederick (1219_CR15) 2005; 19 1219_CR29 G Pennycook (1219_CR32) 2015; 80 P Sheeran (1219_CR46) 2016; 10 G Pennycook (1219_CR27) 2019; 116 O Isler (1219_CR17) 2020; 15 ME Toplak (1219_CR56) 2011; 39 1219_CR30 PH Jackson (1219_CR18) 1977; 42 C Sindermann (1219_CR49) 2020; 36 1219_CR35 1219_CR34 1219_CR33 1219_CR39 1219_CR38 1219_CR37 MV Bronstein (1219_CR6) 2019; 8 1219_CR36 JB Hittner (1219_CR16) 2003; 130 GY Zou (1219_CR64) 2007; 12 K Sijtsma (1219_CR47) 2009; 74 VA Earnshaw (1219_CR11) 2019; 24 M Bialek (1219_CR5) 2018; 50 JSBT Evans (1219_CR13) 2013; 8 1219_CR42 1219_CR41 1219_CR40 G Pennycook (1219_CR31) 2015; 24 JJ Van Bavel (1219_CR57) 2020; 4 1219_CR45 1219_CR44 Y Wang (1219_CR61) 2019; 240 1219_CR48 JMF Ten Berge (1219_CR55) 2004; 69 RM Ross (1219_CR43) 2021; 16 |
| References_xml | – reference: Tangcharoensathien, V., Calleja, N., Nguyen, T., Purnat, T., D’Agostino, M., Garcia-Saiso, S., Landry, M., Rashidian, A., Hamilton, C., Abdallah, A., Ghiga, I., Hill, A., Hougendobler, D., Van Andel, J., Nunn, M., Brooks, I., Sacco, P. L., De Domenico, M., Mai, P., Gruzd, A., Alaphilippe, A., & Briand, S. (2020). Framework for managing the COVID-19 infodemic: Methods and results of an online, crowdsourced WHO technical consultation. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 22(6), Article e19659. https://doi.org/10.2196/19659 – reference: Bago, B., Rand, D. G., & Pennycook, G. (2021). Fake news, fast and slow: Deliberation reduces belief in false (but not true) news headlines. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000729 – reference: Calvillo, D. P., Ross, B. J., Garcia, R. J. B., Smelter, T. J., & Rutchick, A. M. (2020). Political ideology predicts perceptions of the threat of COVID-19 (and susceptibility to fake news about it). Social Psychological and Personality Science, 194855062094053. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550620940539 – reference: BialekMPennycookGThe cognitive reflection test is robust to multiple exposuresBehavior Research Methods20185051953195910.3758/s13428-017-0963-x28849403 – reference: PennycookGFugelsangJAKoehlerDJEveryday consequences of analytic thinkingCurrent Directions in Psychological Science201524642543210.1177/0963721415604610 – reference: Stanley, M. L., Barr, N., Peters, K., & Seli, P. (2020). Analytic-thinking predicts hoax beliefs and helping behaviors in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Thinking & Reasoning, 1–14. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/13546783.2020.1813806 – reference: Pickles, K., Cvejic, E., Nickel, B., Copp, T., Bonner, C., Leask, J., Ayre, J., Batcup, C., Cornell, S., Dakin, T., Dodd, R. H., Isautier, J. M. J., & McCaffery, K. J. (2021). COVID-19 misinformation trends in Australia: Prospective longitudinal national survey. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 23(1), Article e23805. https://doi.org/10.2196/23805 – reference: Sinayev, A., & Peters, E. (2015). Cognitive reflection vs. calculation in decision making. Frontiers in Psychology, 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00532 – reference: Singh, L., Shweta, B., Bode, L., Budak, C., Chi, G., Kawintiranon, K., Padden, C., Vanarsdall, R., Vraga, E., & Wang, Y. (2020). A first look at COVID-19 information and misinformation sharing on Twitter. ArXiv Preprint. https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.13907 – reference: Venables, W., & Ripley, B. (2020). Modern Applied Statistics with S. In Springer. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/MASS/index.html – reference: Pennycook, G., & Rand, D. (2021). Reducing the spread of fake news by shifting attention to accuracy: Meta-analytic evidence of replicability and generalizability. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/v8ruj – reference: Roser, M., Ritchie, H., Ortiz-Ospina, E., & Hasell, J. (2020). Coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19). https://ourworldindata.org/coronavirus – reference: Kahneman, D. (2012). Thinking, fast and slow. Penguin. – reference: Salvi, C., Iannello, P., Cancer, A., McClay, M., Rago, S., Dunsmoor, J. E., & Antonietti, A. (2021). Going viral: How fear, socio-cognitive polarization and problem-solving influence fake news detection and proliferation during COVID-19 pandemic. Frontiers in Communication, 5. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2020.562588 – reference: FrederickSCognitive reflection and decision makingJournal of Economic Perspectives2005194254210.1257/089533005775196732 – reference: Revelle, W. (2020). psych: Procedures for psychological, psychometric, and personality research (R Package Version 1.9.12.31). Northwestern University. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/psych/psych.pdf – reference: ToplakMEWestRFStanovichKEThe Cognitive Reflection Test as a predictor of performance on heuristics-and-biases tasksMemory & Cognition20113971275128910.3758/s13421-011-0104-1 – reference: Ten BergeJMFSočanGThe greatest lower bound to the reliability of a test and the hypothesis of unidimensionalityPsychometrika200469461362510.1007/bf02289858 – reference: Paulhus, D. L. (2002). Socially desirable responding: The evolution of a construct. In H. I. Braun, D. N. Jackson, & D. E. Wiley (Eds.), The role of constructs in psychological and educational measurement (pp. 49–69). Erlbaum. – reference: Barua, Z., Barua, S., Aktar, S., Kabir, N., & Li, M. (2020). Effects of misinformation on COVID-19 individual responses and recommendations for resilience of disastrous consequences of misinformation. Progress in Disaster Science, 8, Article 100119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdisas.2020.100119 – reference: SheeranPWebbTLThe intention-behavior gapSocial and Personality Psychology Compass201610950351810.1111/spc3.12265 – reference: Fazio, L. (2020). Pausing to consider why a headline is true or false can help reduce the sharing of false news. Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation Review. https://doi.org/10.37016/mr-2020-009 – reference: WHO. (2020). Director General's speech to the Munich Security Conference. World Health Organization. Retrieved 13 April 2021 from https://www.who.int/dg/speeches/detail/munich-security-conference – reference: SpearmanCThe proof and measurement of association between two thingsThe American Journal of Psychology19871003/444147110.2307/14226893322052 – reference: Park, S., Fisher, C., Lee, J. Y., & McGuiness, K. (2020). COVID-19: Australian news and misinformation. Univerity of Canberra. https://www.canberra.edu.au/research/faculty-research-centres/nmrc/publications/documents/COVID-19-Australian-news-and-misinformation.pdf – reference: Van Bavel, J. J., Cichocka, A., Capraro, V., Sjåstad, H., Nezlek, J. B., Pavlović, T., et al. (2020). National identity predicts public health support during a global pandemic. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/ydt95 – reference: EvansJSBTStanovichKEDual-process theories of higher cognitionPerspectives on Psychological Science20138322324110.1177/17456916124606852617296526172965 – reference: Van BavelJJBaickerKBoggioPSCapraroVCichockaACikaraMCrockettMJCrumAJDouglasKMDruckmanJNDruryJDubeOEllemersNFinkelEJFowlerJHGelfandMHanSHaslamSAJettenJKitayamaSMobbsDNapperLEPackerDJPennycookGPetersEPettyRERandDGReicherSDSchnallSShariffASkitkaLJSmithSSSunsteinCRTabriNTuckerJALindenSVDLangePVWeedenKAWohlMJAZakiJZionSRWillerRUsing social and behavioural science to support COVID-19 pandemic responseNature Human Behaviour20204546047110.1038/s41562-020-0884-z32355299 – reference: PennycookGFugelsangJAKoehlerDJWhat makes us think? A three-stage dual-process model of analytic engagementCognitive Psychology201580347210.1016/j.cogpsych.2015.05.00126091582 – reference: R Core Team. (2018). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. In R Foundation for Statistical Computing. https://www.R-project.org – reference: JacksonPHAgunwambaCCLower bounds for the reliability of the total score on a test composed of non-homogeneous items: I. Algebraic lower boundsPsychometrika197742456757810.1007/bf02295979 – reference: Roozenbeek, J., Freeman, A. L. J., & Van Der Linden, S. (2021). How accurate are accuracy-nudge interventions? A preregistered direct replication of Pennycook et al. (2020). Psychological Science, 095679762110245. https://doi.org/10.1177/09567976211024535 – reference: Pennycook, G., Epstein, Z., Mosleh, M., Arechar, A. A., Eckles, D., & Rand, D. (2021). Shifting attention to accuracy can reduce misinformation online. Naturehttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03344-2 – reference: PennycookGRandDGLazy, not biased: Susceptibility to partisan fake news is better explained by lack of reasoning than by motivated reasoningCognition2019188395010.1016/j.cognition.2018.06.01129935897 – reference: RossRMRandDGPennycookGBeyond “fake news”: Analytic thinking and the detection of false and hyperpartisan news headlinesJudgment and Decision Making2021162484504http://journal.sjdm.org/20/200616b/jdm200616b.html – reference: BronsteinMVPennycookGBearARandDGCannonTDBelief in fake news is associated with delusionality, dogmatism, religious fundamentalism, and reduced analytic thinkingJournal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition20198110811710.1016/j.jarmac.2018.09.005 – reference: Essential Research. (2020). The Essential Report 18 May 2020. https://essentialvision.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Essential-Report-180520-1.pdf – reference: Sadeghiyeh, H., Khanahmadi, I., Farhadbeigi, P., & Karimi, N. (2020). Cognitive reflection and the coronavirus conspiracy beliefs. PsyArXiv Preprints. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/p9wxj – reference: PennycookGRandDGFighting misinformation on social media using crowdsourced judgments of news source qualityProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America201911672521252610.1073/pnas.1806781116306922526377495 – reference: Alper, S., Bayrak, F., & Yilmaz, O. (2020). Psychological correlates of COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs and preventive measures: Evidence from Turkey. Current Psychology. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-020-00903-0 – reference: Van Bavel, J. J., Harris, E. A., Pärnamets, P., Rathje, S., Doell, K., & Tucker, J. A. (2020). Political psychology in the digital (mis)information age.https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/u5/ – reference: Levy, N., & Ross, R. (2021). The cognitive science of fake news. In M. Hannon & J. de Ridder (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of political epistemology (pp. 181–191). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/3nuzj – reference: ZouGYToward Using Confidence Intervals to Compare CorrelationsPsychological methods200712439941310.1037/1082-989X.12.4.39918179351 – reference: SijtsmaKOn the use, the misuse, and the very limited usefulness of Cronbach’s alphaPsychometrika200974110712010.1007/s11336-008-9101-02003763920037639 – reference: WHOWHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard. World Health Organisation2021Retrieved 2 February 2021 from https://covid19.who.int/ – reference: SindermannCCooperAMontagCA short review on susceptibility to falling for fake political newsCurrent Opinion in Psychology202036444610.1016/j.copsyc.2020.03.01432521507 – reference: EarnshawVABogartLMKlompasMKatzITMedical mistrust in the context of Ebola: Implications for intended care-seeking and quarantine policy support in the United StatesJournal of Health Psychology201924221922810.1177/135910531665050727257264 – reference: Commonwealth of Australia. (2020). Biosecurity Human Biosecurity Emergency, Human Coronavirus with Pandemic Potential Declaration. Commonwealth of Australia. https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/F2020L00266 – reference: McNeish, D. (2017). Thanks coefficient alpha, we'll take it from here. Psychological Methods. https://doi.org/10.1037/met0000144 – reference: Pennycook, G., McPhetres, J., Bago, B., & Rand, D. (2021). Beliefs about COVID-19 in Canada, the U.K., and the U.S.A.: A novel test of political polarization and motivated reasoning. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin.https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/zhjkp – reference: Poynter. (2020). International Fact-Checking Network's code of principles. Poynter. Retrieved 5 June from https://ifcncodeofprinciples.poynter.org/ – reference: Swire-ThompsonBLazerDPublic Health and Online Misinformation: Challenges and RecommendationsAnnual Review of Public Health202041143345110.1146/annurev-publhealth-040119-09412731874069 – reference: Allington, D., Duffy, B., Wessely, S., Dhavan, N., & Rubin, J. (2020). Health-protective behaviour, social media usage and conspiracy belief during the COVID-19 public health emergency. Psychological Medicine, 1–7. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1017/s003329172000224x – reference: Čavojová, V., Šrol, J., & Ballová Mikušková, E. (2020). How scientific reasoning correlates with health-related beliefs and behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic? Journal of Health Psychology, 135910532096226. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105320962266 – reference: Martel, C., Pennycook, G., & Rand, D. G. (2019). Reliance on emotion promotes belief in fake news. Yale University Press. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/79ejc – reference: Pennycook, G., McPhetres, J., Zhang, Y., Lu, J., & Rand, D. G. (2020). Fighting COVID-19 misinformation on social media: Experimental evidence for a scalable accuracy-nudge intervention. Psychological Science. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797620939054 – reference: Roozenbeek, J., Schneider, C. R., Dryhurst, S., Kerr, J., Freeman, A. L. J., Recchia, G., Van Der Bles, A. M., & Van Der Linden, S. (2020). Susceptibility to misinformation about COVID-19 around the world. Royal Society Open Science, 7(10), Article 201199. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.201199 – reference: CoppockAMcClellanOAValidating the demographic, political, psychological, and experimental results obtained from a new source of online survey respondentsResearch & Politics20196120531680188221710.1177/2053168018822174 – reference: HittnerJBMayKSilverNCA Monte Carlo Evaluation of tests for comparing dependent correlationsThe Journal of General Psychology2003130214916810.1080/0022130030960128212773018 – reference: Mian, A., & Khan, S. (2020). Coronavirus: The spread of misinformation. BMC Medicine, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-020-01556-3 – reference: Pennycook, G., & Ross, R. M. (2016). Commentary: Cognitive reflection vs. calculation in decision making. Frontiers in Psychology, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00009 – reference: IslerOYilmazODogruyolBActivating reflective thinking with decision justification and debiasing trainingJudgment and Decision Making2020156926938http://journal.sjdm.org/20/201008/jdm201008.html – reference: Mosleh, M., Pennycook, G., & Rand, D. G. (2020). Self-reported willingness to share political news articles in online surveys correlates with actual sharing on Twitter. PLOS ONE, 15(2), Article e0228882. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0228882 – reference: WangYMcKeeMTorbicaAStucklerDSystematic Literature Review on the Spread of Health-related Misinformation on Social MediaSocial Science & Medicine201924011255210.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112552 – volume: 8 start-page: 223 issue: 3 year: 2013 ident: 1219_CR13 publication-title: Perspectives on Psychological Science doi: 10.1177/1745691612460685 – volume: 24 start-page: 425 issue: 6 year: 2015 ident: 1219_CR31 publication-title: Current Directions in Psychological Science doi: 10.1177/0963721415604610 – ident: 1219_CR54 doi: 10.2196/19659 – ident: 1219_CR38 – volume: 80 start-page: 34 year: 2015 ident: 1219_CR32 publication-title: Cognitive Psychology doi: 10.1016/j.cogpsych.2015.05.001 – ident: 1219_CR29 doi: 10.31234/osf.io/v8ruj – ident: 1219_CR3 doi: 10.1037/xge0000729 – volume: 19 start-page: 25 issue: 4 year: 2005 ident: 1219_CR15 publication-title: Journal of Economic Perspectives doi: 10.1257/089533005775196732 – volume: 188 start-page: 39 year: 2019 ident: 1219_CR28 publication-title: Cognition doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2018.06.011 – ident: 1219_CR50 – ident: 1219_CR19 – ident: 1219_CR36 doi: 10.2196/23805 – volume: 24 start-page: 219 issue: 2 year: 2019 ident: 1219_CR11 publication-title: Journal of Health Psychology doi: 10.1177/1359105316650507 – volume: 50 start-page: 1953 issue: 5 year: 2018 ident: 1219_CR5 publication-title: Behavior Research Methods doi: 10.3758/s13428-017-0963-x – ident: 1219_CR33 doi: 10.1177/0956797620939054 – ident: 1219_CR48 doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00532 – volume: 39 start-page: 1275 issue: 7 year: 2011 ident: 1219_CR56 publication-title: Memory & Cognition doi: 10.3758/s13421-011-0104-1 – ident: 1219_CR25 – volume: 36 start-page: 44 year: 2020 ident: 1219_CR49 publication-title: Current Opinion in Psychology doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2020.03.014 – ident: 1219_CR35 doi: 10.31234/osf.io/zhjkp – ident: 1219_CR39 – volume: 16 start-page: 484 issue: 2 year: 2021 ident: 1219_CR43 publication-title: Judgment and Decision Making doi: 10.1017/S1930297500008640 – volume: 41 start-page: 433 issue: 1 year: 2020 ident: 1219_CR53 publication-title: Annual Review of Public Health doi: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-040119-094127 – ident: 1219_CR4 doi: 10.1016/j.pdisas.2020.100119 – ident: 1219_CR40 doi: 10.1177/09567976211024535 – volume: 74 start-page: 107 issue: 1 year: 2009 ident: 1219_CR47 publication-title: Psychometrika doi: 10.1007/s11336-008-9101-0 – volume: 69 start-page: 613 issue: 4 year: 2004 ident: 1219_CR55 publication-title: Psychometrika doi: 10.1007/bf02289858 – ident: 1219_CR59 doi: 10.31234/osf.io/u5/ – ident: 1219_CR9 – ident: 1219_CR62 – ident: 1219_CR58 doi: 10.31234/osf.io/ydt95 – ident: 1219_CR22 doi: 10.1037/met0000144 – ident: 1219_CR52 doi: 10.1080/13546783.2020.1813806 – ident: 1219_CR45 doi: 10.3389/fcomm.2020.562588 – volume-title: WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard. World Health Organisation year: 2021 ident: 1219_CR63 – volume: 130 start-page: 149 issue: 2 year: 2003 ident: 1219_CR16 publication-title: The Journal of General Psychology doi: 10.1080/00221300309601282 – ident: 1219_CR41 doi: 10.1098/rsos.201199 – ident: 1219_CR44 doi: 10.31234/osf.io/p9wxj – ident: 1219_CR34 doi: 10.1038/s41586-021-03344-2 – volume: 10 start-page: 503 issue: 9 year: 2016 ident: 1219_CR46 publication-title: Social and Personality Psychology Compass doi: 10.1111/spc3.12265 – volume: 116 start-page: 2521 issue: 7 year: 2019 ident: 1219_CR27 publication-title: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America doi: 10.1073/pnas.1806781116 – volume: 4 start-page: 460 issue: 5 year: 2020 ident: 1219_CR57 publication-title: Nature Human Behaviour doi: 10.1038/s41562-020-0884-z – ident: 1219_CR30 doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00009 – ident: 1219_CR14 doi: 10.37016/mr-2020-009 – volume: 15 start-page: 926 issue: 6 year: 2020 ident: 1219_CR17 publication-title: Judgment and Decision Making doi: 10.1017/S1930297500008147 – ident: 1219_CR42 – volume: 100 start-page: 441 issue: 3/4 year: 1987 ident: 1219_CR51 publication-title: The American Journal of Psychology doi: 10.2307/1422689 – ident: 1219_CR20 doi: 10.31234/osf.io/3nuzj – ident: 1219_CR2 doi: 10.1007/s12144-020-00903-0 – ident: 1219_CR12 – volume: 8 start-page: 108 issue: 1 year: 2019 ident: 1219_CR6 publication-title: Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition doi: 10.1016/j.jarmac.2018.09.005 – ident: 1219_CR37 – ident: 1219_CR21 doi: 10.31234/osf.io/79ejc – ident: 1219_CR23 doi: 10.1186/s12916-020-01556-3 – ident: 1219_CR7 doi: 10.1177/1948550620940539 – ident: 1219_CR1 doi: 10.1017/s003329172000224x – volume: 6 start-page: 205316801882217 issue: 1 year: 2019 ident: 1219_CR10 publication-title: Research & Politics doi: 10.1177/2053168018822174 – ident: 1219_CR26 – volume: 12 start-page: 399 issue: 4 year: 2007 ident: 1219_CR64 publication-title: Psychological methods doi: 10.1037/1082-989X.12.4.399 – ident: 1219_CR8 doi: 10.1177/1359105320962266 – volume: 240 start-page: 112552 year: 2019 ident: 1219_CR61 publication-title: Social Science & Medicine doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112552 – volume: 42 start-page: 567 issue: 4 year: 1977 ident: 1219_CR18 publication-title: Psychometrika doi: 10.1007/bf02295979 – ident: 1219_CR24 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228882 – ident: 1219_CR60 |
| SSID | ssj0005596 |
| Score | 2.523958 |
| Snippet | The classical account of reasoning posits that analytic thinking weakens belief in COVID-19 misinformation. We tested this account in a demographically... |
| SourceID | pubmedcentral proquest pubmed crossref springer |
| SourceType | Open Access Repository Aggregation Database Index Database Enrichment Source Publisher |
| StartPage | 425 |
| SubjectTerms | Accuracy Australia Behavioral Science and Psychology Cognition Cognition & reasoning Cognitive ability Cognitive Psychology Communication Coronaviruses COVID-19 Disease transmission False information Humans Hypotheses Misinformation Pandemics Psychology Public health Reasoning SARS-CoV-2 |
| SummonAdditionalLinks | – databaseName: SpringerLINK Contemporary 1997-Present dbid: RSV link: http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1Jb9UwEB5B4dAL-xIoyEjcwCJxvMRHVKjgUpCA6t2i2HF5kVBeleSB-u-ZcZbqURUJDlaU2FnsGXtmMuNvAF4W1mlfW8_TwlguTZDcqsrxwikVsqBsrlxMNmGOj4vVyn6eNoX1c7T77JKMKzXZlajUvumzXAo0falkOM-4ug43FKHNkI3-5eQisEPFrFyoPKRcpWI1bpW54hm74uiSjnk5VPIPf2kUQ0e3_68Dd-DWpHaytyOf3IVrob0H-8vqd34fmghPgtVsWI_5FNhZR16coWeV99uu8ueM2KX9jhfamv1qIpw3LZVs2LB-XXWBHX46-fiOZ5Yh-0yYrER51rRs-avyAL4dvf96-IFPeRi4l0YOPKtqPFaZdqhtRN8uCnppXHBoP5NfzxEKnLZeOpU7pLKVdY0UDxrPsjrNH8Jeu2nDY2CVqLWpaiu9DlKqwhb61BoRzKkXOhifQDaTo_QTSDnlyvhRorFCo1iOo1imVGgUS5XAq-WesxGi46-tD2Yql9N07UuhhaF4PZUn8GKpxpEi70nVhs0W26Dim0qyPxN4NDLF8roc-5KLQidgdthlaUAg3rs1bbOOYN6ooKLMSRN4PTPNxWdd3Ysn_9b8KewL2rYRo80PYG_otuEZ3PQ_h6bvnsfp8xsreBPb priority: 102 providerName: Springer Nature |
| Title | Analytic thinking predicts accuracy ratings and willingness to share COVID-19 misinformation in Australia |
| URI | https://link.springer.com/article/10.3758/s13421-021-01219-5 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34453286 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2627855453 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2566041441 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC8395380 |
| Volume | 50 |
| WOSCitedRecordID | wos000690353400001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| journalDatabaseRights | – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: ABI/INFORM Collection customDbUrl: eissn: 1532-5946 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0005596 issn: 0090-502X databaseCode: 7WY dateStart: 20041201 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.proquest.com/abicomplete providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: ABI/INFORM global customDbUrl: eissn: 1532-5946 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0005596 issn: 0090-502X databaseCode: M0C dateStart: 20041201 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/abiglobal providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: Nursing & Allied Health Database customDbUrl: eissn: 1532-5946 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0005596 issn: 0090-502X databaseCode: 7RV dateStart: 20041201 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/nahs providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: ProQuest Central customDbUrl: eissn: 1532-5946 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0005596 issn: 0090-502X databaseCode: BENPR dateStart: 20041201 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.proquest.com/central providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: ProQuest Health & Medical Collection customDbUrl: eissn: 1532-5946 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0005596 issn: 0090-502X databaseCode: 7X7 dateStart: 20041201 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/healthcomplete providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: ProQuest Research Library customDbUrl: eissn: 1532-5946 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0005596 issn: 0090-502X databaseCode: M2O dateStart: 20041201 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/pqrl providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: Psychology Database customDbUrl: eissn: 1532-5946 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0005596 issn: 0090-502X databaseCode: M2M dateStart: 20041201 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.proquest.com/psychology providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: Social Science Database customDbUrl: eissn: 1532-5946 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0005596 issn: 0090-502X databaseCode: M2R dateStart: 20041201 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/socscijournals providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVAVX databaseName: SpringerLINK Contemporary 1997-Present customDbUrl: eissn: 1532-5946 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0005596 issn: 0090-502X databaseCode: RSV dateStart: 19970101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://link.springer.com/search?facet-content-type=%22Journal%22 providerName: Springer Nature |
| link | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV3db9MwED_BxsMkxMf4WGBURuINrOXDjuMnBGUTPKybCpTyFCWORyNNaWlS0P577pw0VZnYCw-5yB9R4tzP9tl3vgN4leg8NoU23E-U5kJZwbXMcp7kUtrASh3J3AWbUKNRMp3q827Dre7MKtdjohuoi7mhPfKjMA4VmVTJ6O3iJ6eoUaRd7UJo3IZdCptNOFdTtTHxkC4-F4oRPpd-OG0PzUQoIh_VQSRCXEjTFWCv5XJ7YrombV43mvxLc-ompJP7_9uUB3CvE0XZuxY7D-GWrfZhrx8Rr_bhbrupx9qzSo-gdC5MsDprZm3MBbZYkqanqVlmzGqZmStGkKp-YEZVsN-lc_lNwylr5qyeZUvLhmeTTx94oBlCrPPbSuhgZcX6nZfH8PXk-MvwI-9iNXAjlGh4kBV4z4I4R4nE6X9RGBAqtzmusUn3l5OnuFgbkcsoRyRoURSIChtjKij86AnsVPPKHgDLwiJWWaGFia0QMtFJfKFVaNWFCWOrjAfBmlGp6RyZUzyNyxQXNMTctGVu6tNFzE2lB6_7ZxatG48bax-uGZd2XbpON1zz4GVfjH-KNCxZZecrrIPCsS9ojerB0xYu_esibEsUJrEHagtIfQVy9L1dUpUz5_AbhVicl3wP3qwht_msf7fi2c2teA57IR3lcBboh7DTLFf2Bdwxv5qyXg6wI40nRL99H7hO5WgygN33x6PzMaZO_SHR8NTRM0cpf_x58geeMiwb |
| linkProvider | ProQuest |
| linkToHtml | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V3db9MwED-NgcQkxMeAERhgJHgCa4ljx_EDQmhjWrW18DBQ30LieLQSSrsmZeo_xd_IXdKkKhN72wMPUZTYSWzn5_vwne8AXscmi2xuLPdjbbjUTnKj0ozHmVIucMqEKquTTejBIB4OzZcN-N3uhSG3ypYm1oQ6n1haI98TkdDkUqXCD9NzTlmjyLraptBoYHHsFheospXvewf4f98IcfjpdP-IL7MKcCu1rHiQ5nhOgyhD3llbKpFtSZ25DLVBslJlFNMsMlZmKsywzUbmObbfRXgV5H6I770BNyVyQsqY0Bf9lUuJqvOBodjic-WLYbNJJ0SRfK8MQilQcacjQCrB1TojvCTdXnbS_MtSWzPAw3v_29Ddh7tLUZt9bObGA9hwxTZsdRR_sQ13mkVL1uzFegjjOkQLVmfVqMkpwaYzsmRVJUutnc9Su2A0ZYofeKPI2cW4DmlO7IJVE1aO0plj-5-_9Q54YBhOoWVcWkI_GxesW1l6BF-vpeuPYbOYFO4JsFTkkU5zI23kpFSxiaMzo4XTZ1ZETlsPghYYiV0Gaqd8IT8TVNgITEkDpsSng8CUKA_eds9MmzAlV9bebYGSLElWmaxQ4sGrrhhHiixIaeEmc6yDwr8vSQf3YKeBZ_e5EPsSijjyQK8Bt6tAgczXS4rxqA5ojkI68l3fg3ctxFfN-ncvnl7di5dw--i0f5Kc9AbHz2BL0LaV2tt-Fzar2dw9h1v2VzUuZy_qSczg-3VD_w84eXvX |
| linkToPdf | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1Lj9MwEB4tXYRWQjyWV2ABI8EJrCaOHccHhGC7FdWiUiFAvYXEcWkllJYkZdW_xq9jnFdVVuxtDxyiKImTeJJvPDOe8QzA81AlgU6Vpm4oFeXScKpEnNAwEcJ4RihfJFWxCTkeh9OpmuzB73YtjA2rbMfEaqBOl9rOkfdZwKQNqRJ-f9aERUwGwzern9RWkLKe1racRg2RU7M5Q_OteD0a4L9-wdjw5PPxe9pUGKCaS15SL05xH3tBgnK08lqiCOMyMQlahtZjldj8ZoHSPBF-gv1XPE2RFhPgkZe6Pj73CuxLH42eHuy_OxlPPm0DTERVHQyVGJcKl03rJTs-Kuj9wvM5QzPebh6OGVTsisVzuu75kM2__LaVOBze_J8_5C240Sjh5G3NNbdhz2SHcNDJgs0hXK-nM0m9SusOLKrkLdiclPO62gRZ5dbHVRYk1nqdx3pDLDNl3_FElpKzRZXs3AoSUi5JMY9zQ44_fh0NqKcIMleTsdbyBVlkpJtzugtfLoX0e9DLlpl5ACRmaSDjVHEdGM5FqMJgpiQzcqZZYKR2wGtBEukmhbutJPIjQlPOAiuqgRW5drPAioQDL7t7VnUCkwtbH7WgiZrBrIi2iHHgWXcZv5T1LcWZWa6xDZoFLrfWuQP3a6h2r_ORFp-FgQNyB8RdA5vifPdKtphXqc5RfUeJ7DrwqoX7tlv_puLhxVQ8hWuI-OjDaHz6CA6YXc9SheEfQa_M1-YxXNW_ykWRP2k4msC3y8b-H8h1hfo |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Analytic+thinking+predicts+accuracy+ratings+and+willingness+to+share+COVID-19+misinformation+in+Australia&rft.jtitle=Memory+%26+cognition&rft.au=Nurse%2C+Matthew+S.&rft.au=Ross%2C+Robert+M.&rft.au=Isler%2C+Ozan&rft.au=Van+Rooy%2C+Dirk&rft.date=2022-02-01&rft.pub=Springer+US&rft.issn=0090-502X&rft.eissn=1532-5946&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=425&rft.epage=434&rft_id=info:doi/10.3758%2Fs13421-021-01219-5&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F34453286&rft.externalDocID=PMC8395380 |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0090-502X&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0090-502X&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0090-502X&client=summon |