Arteriovenous Access Type and Risk of Mortality, Hospitalization, and Sepsis Among Elderly Hemodialysis Patients: A Target Trial Emulation Approach

Evidence is mixed regarding the optimal choice of the first permanent vascular access for elderly patients receiving hemodialysis (HD). Lacking data from randomized controlled trials, we used a target trial emulation approach to compare arteriovenous fistula (AVF) versus arteriovenous graft (AVG) cr...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:American journal of kidney diseases Vol. 79; no. 1; p. 69
Main Authors: Lyu, Beini, Chan, Micah R, Yevzlin, Alexander S, Gardezi, Ali, Astor, Brad C
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States 01.01.2022
Subjects:
ISSN:1523-6838, 1523-6838
Online Access:Get more information
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Abstract Evidence is mixed regarding the optimal choice of the first permanent vascular access for elderly patients receiving hemodialysis (HD). Lacking data from randomized controlled trials, we used a target trial emulation approach to compare arteriovenous fistula (AVF) versus arteriovenous graft (AVG) creation among elderly patients receiving HD. Retrospective cohort study. Elderly patients included in the US Renal Data System who initiated HD with a catheter and had an AVF or AVG created within 6 months of starting HD. Creation of an AVF versus an AVG as the incident arteriovenous access. All-cause mortality, all-cause and cause-specific hospitalization, and sepsis. Target trial emulation approach, high-dimensional propensity score and inverse probability of treatment weighting, and instrumental variable analysis using the proclivity of the operating physician to create a fistula as the instrumental variable. A total of 19,867 patients were included, with 80.1% receiving an AVF and 19.9% an AVG. In unweighted analysis, AVF creation was associated with significantly lower risks of mortality and hospitalization, especially within 6 months after vascular access creation. In inverse probability of treatment weighting analysis, AVF creation was associated with lower incidences of mortality and hospitalization within 6 months after creation (hazard ratios of 0.82 [95% CI, 0.75-0.91] and 0.82 [95% CI, 0.78-0.87] for mortality and all-cause hospitalization, respectively), but not between 6 months and 3 years after access creation. No association between AVF creation and mortality, sepsis, or all-cause, cardiovascular disease-related, or infection-related hospitalization was found in instrumental variable analyses. However, AVF creation was associated with a lower risk of access-related hospitalization not due to infection. Potential for unmeasured confounding, analyses limited to elderly patients, and absence of data on actual access use during follow-up. Using observational data to emulate a target randomized controlled trial, the type of initial arteriovenous access created was not associated with the risks of mortality, sepsis, or all-cause, cardiovascular disease-related, or infection-related hospitalization among elderly patients who initiated HD with a catheter.
AbstractList Evidence is mixed regarding the optimal choice of the first permanent vascular access for elderly patients receiving hemodialysis (HD). Lacking data from randomized controlled trials, we used a target trial emulation approach to compare arteriovenous fistula (AVF) versus arteriovenous graft (AVG) creation among elderly patients receiving HD. Retrospective cohort study. Elderly patients included in the US Renal Data System who initiated HD with a catheter and had an AVF or AVG created within 6 months of starting HD. Creation of an AVF versus an AVG as the incident arteriovenous access. All-cause mortality, all-cause and cause-specific hospitalization, and sepsis. Target trial emulation approach, high-dimensional propensity score and inverse probability of treatment weighting, and instrumental variable analysis using the proclivity of the operating physician to create a fistula as the instrumental variable. A total of 19,867 patients were included, with 80.1% receiving an AVF and 19.9% an AVG. In unweighted analysis, AVF creation was associated with significantly lower risks of mortality and hospitalization, especially within 6 months after vascular access creation. In inverse probability of treatment weighting analysis, AVF creation was associated with lower incidences of mortality and hospitalization within 6 months after creation (hazard ratios of 0.82 [95% CI, 0.75-0.91] and 0.82 [95% CI, 0.78-0.87] for mortality and all-cause hospitalization, respectively), but not between 6 months and 3 years after access creation. No association between AVF creation and mortality, sepsis, or all-cause, cardiovascular disease-related, or infection-related hospitalization was found in instrumental variable analyses. However, AVF creation was associated with a lower risk of access-related hospitalization not due to infection. Potential for unmeasured confounding, analyses limited to elderly patients, and absence of data on actual access use during follow-up. Using observational data to emulate a target randomized controlled trial, the type of initial arteriovenous access created was not associated with the risks of mortality, sepsis, or all-cause, cardiovascular disease-related, or infection-related hospitalization among elderly patients who initiated HD with a catheter.
Evidence is mixed regarding the optimal choice of the first permanent vascular access for elderly patients receiving hemodialysis (HD). Lacking data from randomized controlled trials, we used a target trial emulation approach to compare arteriovenous fistula (AVF) versus arteriovenous graft (AVG) creation among elderly patients receiving HD.RATIONALE & OBJECTIVEEvidence is mixed regarding the optimal choice of the first permanent vascular access for elderly patients receiving hemodialysis (HD). Lacking data from randomized controlled trials, we used a target trial emulation approach to compare arteriovenous fistula (AVF) versus arteriovenous graft (AVG) creation among elderly patients receiving HD.Retrospective cohort study.STUDY DESIGNRetrospective cohort study.Elderly patients included in the US Renal Data System who initiated HD with a catheter and had an AVF or AVG created within 6 months of starting HD.SETTING & PARTICIPANTSElderly patients included in the US Renal Data System who initiated HD with a catheter and had an AVF or AVG created within 6 months of starting HD.Creation of an AVF versus an AVG as the incident arteriovenous access.EXPOSURECreation of an AVF versus an AVG as the incident arteriovenous access.All-cause mortality, all-cause and cause-specific hospitalization, and sepsis.OUTCOMESAll-cause mortality, all-cause and cause-specific hospitalization, and sepsis.Target trial emulation approach, high-dimensional propensity score and inverse probability of treatment weighting, and instrumental variable analysis using the proclivity of the operating physician to create a fistula as the instrumental variable.ANALYTICAL APPROACHTarget trial emulation approach, high-dimensional propensity score and inverse probability of treatment weighting, and instrumental variable analysis using the proclivity of the operating physician to create a fistula as the instrumental variable.A total of 19,867 patients were included, with 80.1% receiving an AVF and 19.9% an AVG. In unweighted analysis, AVF creation was associated with significantly lower risks of mortality and hospitalization, especially within 6 months after vascular access creation. In inverse probability of treatment weighting analysis, AVF creation was associated with lower incidences of mortality and hospitalization within 6 months after creation (hazard ratios of 0.82 [95% CI, 0.75-0.91] and 0.82 [95% CI, 0.78-0.87] for mortality and all-cause hospitalization, respectively), but not between 6 months and 3 years after access creation. No association between AVF creation and mortality, sepsis, or all-cause, cardiovascular disease-related, or infection-related hospitalization was found in instrumental variable analyses. However, AVF creation was associated with a lower risk of access-related hospitalization not due to infection.RESULTSA total of 19,867 patients were included, with 80.1% receiving an AVF and 19.9% an AVG. In unweighted analysis, AVF creation was associated with significantly lower risks of mortality and hospitalization, especially within 6 months after vascular access creation. In inverse probability of treatment weighting analysis, AVF creation was associated with lower incidences of mortality and hospitalization within 6 months after creation (hazard ratios of 0.82 [95% CI, 0.75-0.91] and 0.82 [95% CI, 0.78-0.87] for mortality and all-cause hospitalization, respectively), but not between 6 months and 3 years after access creation. No association between AVF creation and mortality, sepsis, or all-cause, cardiovascular disease-related, or infection-related hospitalization was found in instrumental variable analyses. However, AVF creation was associated with a lower risk of access-related hospitalization not due to infection.Potential for unmeasured confounding, analyses limited to elderly patients, and absence of data on actual access use during follow-up.LIMITATIONSPotential for unmeasured confounding, analyses limited to elderly patients, and absence of data on actual access use during follow-up.Using observational data to emulate a target randomized controlled trial, the type of initial arteriovenous access created was not associated with the risks of mortality, sepsis, or all-cause, cardiovascular disease-related, or infection-related hospitalization among elderly patients who initiated HD with a catheter.CONCLUSIONSUsing observational data to emulate a target randomized controlled trial, the type of initial arteriovenous access created was not associated with the risks of mortality, sepsis, or all-cause, cardiovascular disease-related, or infection-related hospitalization among elderly patients who initiated HD with a catheter.
Author Chan, Micah R
Gardezi, Ali
Lyu, Beini
Yevzlin, Alexander S
Astor, Brad C
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Beini
  surname: Lyu
  fullname: Lyu, Beini
  organization: Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Micah R
  surname: Chan
  fullname: Chan, Micah R
  organization: Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison, Wisconsin
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Alexander S
  surname: Yevzlin
  fullname: Yevzlin, Alexander S
  organization: Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Ali
  surname: Gardezi
  fullname: Gardezi, Ali
  organization: Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison, Wisconsin
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Brad C
  surname: Astor
  fullname: Astor, Brad C
  email: bcastor@medicine.wisc.edu
  organization: Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin; Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison, Wisconsin. Electronic address: bcastor@medicine.wisc.edu
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34118301$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
BookMark eNpNkN1Kw0AQhRep2B99AS9kL71o6_4lWb0LpVpBUbRel93stG6bZONuKsTX8IVNawVhYGY435yB00ed0pWA0DklY0oifrUeq_XGjBlhdEx4W-QI9WjE-CiWXHb-zV3UD2FNCLnmcXyCulxQKjmhPfSd-hq8dZ9Qum3AaZZBCHjeVIBVafCLDRvslvjR-Vrltm6GeOZCZXfLl6qtK4d77hWqYNvzwpUrPM0N-LzBMyicsSpvdtJzS0NZhxuc4rnyK6jx3LcinhbbfO-E06ryTmXvp-h4qfIAZ4c-QG-30_lkNnp4urufpA-jTCS8HsVEMaHiTBAtRKIpNxzYkmeCUdDGJJlRUmkmI52QSMZUSJloHmkpNKdKJWyALn9927cfWwj1orAhgzxXJbRhLFgkSERZG2KLXhzQrS7ALCpvC-WbxV-Q7ActGXmp
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jvs_2025_07_041
crossref_primary_10_3390_jcm14113981
crossref_primary_10_3390_jcm11133759
crossref_primary_10_1186_s12872_024_03985_x
crossref_primary_10_3390_jpm15050195
crossref_primary_10_1177_11297298231196267
crossref_primary_10_3390_medsci12020031
crossref_primary_10_3390_medicina59071294
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jfma_2024_02_009
crossref_primary_10_1093_ndt_gfad251
crossref_primary_10_1159_000529991
crossref_primary_10_1177_11297298231211361
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright Copyright © 2021 National Kidney Foundation, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Copyright_xml – notice: Copyright © 2021 National Kidney Foundation, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
DBID CGR
CUY
CVF
ECM
EIF
NPM
7X8
DOI 10.1053/j.ajkd.2021.03.030
DatabaseName Medline
MEDLINE
MEDLINE (Ovid)
MEDLINE
MEDLINE
PubMed
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitle MEDLINE
Medline Complete
MEDLINE with Full Text
PubMed
MEDLINE (Ovid)
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList MEDLINE
MEDLINE - Academic
Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: NPM
  name: PubMed
  url: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed
  sourceTypes: Index Database
– sequence: 2
  dbid: 7X8
  name: MEDLINE - Academic
  url: https://search.proquest.com/medline
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod no_fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Medicine
EISSN 1523-6838
ExternalDocumentID 34118301
Genre Randomized Controlled Trial
Journal Article
GroupedDBID ---
--K
.1-
.55
.FO
.GJ
0R~
1B1
1P~
23M
3O-
4.4
457
4G.
53G
5GY
5RE
5VS
7-5
AAEDT
AAEDW
AALRI
AAQFI
AAQQT
AAQXK
AAWTL
AAXUO
AAYOK
ABCQX
ABFRF
ABJNI
ABLJU
ABMAC
ABOCM
ABWVN
ACGFO
ACGFS
ACRPL
ADBBV
ADMUD
ADNMO
ADPAM
ADVLN
AEFWE
AENEX
AEVXI
AFCTW
AFFNX
AFJKZ
AFRHN
AFTJW
AGHFR
AITUG
AJUYK
AKRWK
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
AMRAJ
ASPBG
AVWKF
AZFZN
BELOY
CAG
CGR
COF
CS3
CUY
CVF
EBS
ECM
EFJIC
EIF
EJD
EX3
F5P
FDB
FEDTE
FGOYB
GBLVA
HVGLF
HZ~
J5H
K-O
KOM
L7B
M41
MO0
N4W
NPM
O9-
OE-
P2P
PC.
PI~
R2-
ROL
SEL
SES
SJN
SSZ
TWZ
UNMZH
WOW
X7M
XH2
YCW
Z5R
ZGI
ZXP
7X8
AAFWJ
ACVFH
ADCNI
APXCP
EFKBS
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c473t-60a24a6c40b447b13d3e2f3c421ebdd7cda8ab285b7058614887b35b84b31aa72
IEDL.DBID 7X8
ISICitedReferencesCount 12
ISICitedReferencesURI http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000734021500012&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN 1523-6838
IngestDate Sat Sep 27 21:01:29 EDT 2025
Thu Jan 02 22:56:02 EST 2025
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 1
Keywords hospitalization
HD access
elderly
end-stage renal disease (ESRD)
hemodialysis (HD)
target trial
Arteriovenous access
mortality
arteriovenous fistula (AVF)
arteriovenous graft (AVG)
sepsis
vascular access
Language English
License Copyright © 2021 National Kidney Foundation, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c473t-60a24a6c40b447b13d3e2f3c421ebdd7cda8ab285b7058614887b35b84b31aa72
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 23
ObjectType-Undefined-3
PMID 34118301
PQID 2540512523
PQPubID 23479
ParticipantIDs proquest_miscellaneous_2540512523
pubmed_primary_34118301
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2022-01-00
20220101
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2022-01-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 01
  year: 2022
  text: 2022-01-00
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationPlace United States
PublicationPlace_xml – name: United States
PublicationTitle American journal of kidney diseases
PublicationTitleAlternate Am J Kidney Dis
PublicationYear 2022
SSID ssj0009366
Score 2.4398751
Snippet Evidence is mixed regarding the optimal choice of the first permanent vascular access for elderly patients receiving hemodialysis (HD). Lacking data from...
SourceID proquest
pubmed
SourceType Aggregation Database
Index Database
StartPage 69
SubjectTerms Aged
Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical - adverse effects
Hospitalization
Humans
Kidney Failure, Chronic - therapy
Renal Dialysis - adverse effects
Retrospective Studies
Sepsis - therapy
Title Arteriovenous Access Type and Risk of Mortality, Hospitalization, and Sepsis Among Elderly Hemodialysis Patients: A Target Trial Emulation Approach
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34118301
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2540512523
Volume 79
WOSCitedRecordID wos000734021500012&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
link http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV1LSwMxEA6-EC--H_XFCB67djdJN6kXWaTiwZaiVXoryW4Kbe1udYvg7_APm0lTPAmClz1tYJmdzHu-j5BLm1XRzOYdARcOVFuqQAslA2mkachYhwO3C_PyINpt2es1Or7gVvqxyoVNdIY6K1KskdcohhbWG1N2M30LkDUKu6ueQmOZrDIbyuBIl-j9oIU3mOtVWhfFglgy6ZdmrN7VRldqNEakUBo5kFMW_h5iOldzt_Xfj9wmmz7IhGSuFTtkyeS7ZL3l2-h75CvBQc5h8eEAWiFxpImAKSmoPIPHYTmGYgAtF5rbML0KC3oRv7VZde89mWk5tMeRrwiaSPf9-gn3ZlLgMgoinUBnjtpaXkMCXTdzDl3UeGhOPG0YJB7UfJ883zW7t_eBZ2cIUi7YLIhDRbmKUx5qzoWOWMYMHbCU08joLBNppqTSVNa1COsS8Ual0KyuJdcsUkrQA7KSF7k5IoCYMGEaM02p5lZHlKIa11aYzmTKY1MhFwtx9632Y0tD5cYKqP8j8Ao5nP-z_nQO09G3_tnaqzA6_sPpE7JBca_B1VZOyerA3n1zRtbSj9mwfD93amWf7U7rG2xg18M
linkProvider ProQuest
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Arteriovenous+Access+Type+and+Risk+of+Mortality%2C+Hospitalization%2C+and+Sepsis+Among+Elderly+Hemodialysis+Patients%3A+A+Target+Trial+Emulation+Approach&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+kidney+diseases&rft.au=Lyu%2C+Beini&rft.au=Chan%2C+Micah+R&rft.au=Yevzlin%2C+Alexander+S&rft.au=Gardezi%2C+Ali&rft.date=2022-01-01&rft.eissn=1523-6838&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=69&rft_id=info:doi/10.1053%2Fj.ajkd.2021.03.030&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F34118301&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F34118301&rft.externalDocID=34118301
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1523-6838&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1523-6838&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1523-6838&client=summon