Cigarette smoke impairs NK cell-dependent tumor immune surveillance

In this study, we investigated the impact of cigarette smoke on tumor immune surveillance and its consequences to lung tumor burden in a murine lung metastasis model. Cigarette smoke exposure significantly increased the numbers of lung metastases following B16-MO5 melanoma challenge. This effect was...

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Vydáno v:	Journal of Immunology Ročník 178; číslo 2; s. 936 - 943
Hlavní autoři:	Lu, Ling-Min, Zavitz, Caleb C J, Chen, Biao, Kianpour, Sussan, Wan, Yonghong, Stämpfli, Martin R
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	United States 15.01.2007
Témata:	Animals Antigens, CD - metabolism Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte - metabolism Cell Line, Tumor Dendritic Cells - immunology DNA-Binding Proteins - deficiency DNA-Binding Proteins - genetics DNA-Binding Proteins - metabolism Female Immunologic Surveillance - drug effects Immunologic Surveillance - immunology Interleukin-12 - deficiency Interleukin-12 - genetics Interleukin-12 - metabolism Killer Cells, Natural - drug effects Killer Cells, Natural - immunology Lectins, C-Type Liver Neoplasms - metabolism Liver Neoplasms - pathology Liver Neoplasms - secondary Lung Neoplasms - immunology Lung Neoplasms - metabolism Lung Neoplasms - pathology Lung Neoplasms - secondary Lymphocyte Activation - immunology Mice Mice, Knockout Nicotiana - adverse effects Smoke - adverse effects T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic - immunology
ISSN:	0022-1767, 1365-2567
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Popis
Shrnutí:	In this study, we investigated the impact of cigarette smoke on tumor immune surveillance and its consequences to lung tumor burden in a murine lung metastasis model. Cigarette smoke exposure significantly increased the numbers of lung metastases following B16-MO5 melanoma challenge. This effect was reversible; we observed significantly fewer tumor nodules following smoking cessation. Using RAG2(-/-) and RAG2(-/-)gamma(c)(-/-) mice, we provide strong evidence that increased tumor incidence was NK cell dependent. Furthermore, we show that cigarette smoke suppressed NK activation and attenuated NK CTL activity, without apparent effect on activating or inhibitory receptor expression. Finally, activation of NK cells through bone marrow-derived dendritic cells conferred protection against lung metastases in smoke-exposed mice; however, protection was not as efficacious as in sham-exposed mice. To our knowledge, this is the first experimental evidence showing that cigarette smoke impairs NK cell-dependent tumor immune surveillance and that altered immunity is associated with increased tumor burden. Our findings suggest that altered innate immunity may contribute to the increased risk of cancer in smokers.
Bibliografie:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0022-1767 1365-2567
DOI:	10.4049/jimmunol.178.2.936