Ultra-processed food and the risk of overweight and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Numerous studies have reported the association of ultra-processed foods with excess body weight; however, the nature and extent of this relation has not been clearly established. This systematic review was conducted to analyze the currently documented evidence regarding the association between ultra...

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Vydáno v:International Journal of Obesity Ročník 44; číslo 10; s. 2080 - 2091
Hlavní autoři: Askari, Mohammadreza, Heshmati, Javad, Shahinfar, Hossein, Tripathi, Nishant, Daneshzad, Elnaz
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: England Nature Publishing Group 01.10.2020
Témata:
Anthropometry
Body weight
Confidence intervals
Cross-sectional studies
Fast Foods - adverse effects
Food
Food intake
Food processing
Heterogeneity
Humans
Meta-analysis
Obesity
Obesity - epidemiology
Observational studies
Observational Studies as Topic
Overweight
Overweight - epidemiology
Processed foods
Systematic review
ISSN:0307-0565, 1476-5497, 1476-5497
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Shrnutí:Numerous studies have reported the association of ultra-processed foods with excess body weight; however, the nature and extent of this relation has not been clearly established. This systematic review was conducted to analyze the currently documented evidence regarding the association between ultra-processed food with overweight and obesity. A literature search was performed using multiple literature databases for relevant articles published prior to November 2019. Random effects model, namely the DerSimonian-Laird method, was applied to pool effect sizes. The potential sources of heterogeneity across studies were explored using the Cochrane Q test. Fourteen studies (one cohort study and thirteen cross-sectional studies) were included in this review. A significant association was identified between ultra-processed food intake and overweight (pooled effect size: 1.02; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.01, 1.03, p < 0.001) and obesity (pooled effect size: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.13, 1.41, p < 0.001). Our findings revealed a positive association between ultra-processed foods and excess body weight. Future studies with longitudinal designs and adequate control for confounding factors are required to clarify whether ultra-processed food intake alters anthropometric parameters and leads to obesity.
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ISSN:0307-0565
1476-5497
1476-5497
DOI:10.1038/s41366-020-00650-z