Measles virus-induced immune suppression in the cotton rat (Sigmodon hispidus) model depends on viral glycoproteins

Immune suppression during measles accounts for most of the morbidity and mortality associated with the virus infection. Experimental study of this phenomenon has been hampered by the lack of a suitable animal model. We have used the cotton rat to demonstrate that mitogen-induced proliferation of spl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of virology Vol. 71; no. 10; p. 7214
Main Authors: Niewiesk, S, Eisenhuth, I, Fooks, A, Clegg, J C, Schnorr, J J, Schneider-Schaulies, S, ter Meulen, V
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States 01.10.1997
Subjects:
Animals
Cell Line
Cells, Cultured
Female
Humans
Immune Tolerance
Kinetics
Lymphocyte Activation
Lymphocytes - immunology
Lymphocytes - virology
Male
Measles - immunology
Measles virus - immunology
Measles virus - physiology
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Recombinant Proteins - biosynthesis
RNA, Messenger - biosynthesis
Sigmodontinae
Spleen - immunology
Spleen - virology
Transcription, Genetic
Transfection
Viral Envelope Proteins - biosynthesis
Virus Replication
ISSN:0022-538X
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Summary:Immune suppression during measles accounts for most of the morbidity and mortality associated with the virus infection. Experimental study of this phenomenon has been hampered by the lack of a suitable animal model. We have used the cotton rat to demonstrate that mitogen-induced proliferation of spleen cells from measles virus-infected animals is impaired. Proliferation inhibition is seen in all lymphocyte subsets and is not dependent on viral replication. Cells which express the viral glycoproteins (hemagglutinin and fusion protein) transiently by transfection induce proliferation inhibition after intraperitoneal inoculation, whereas application of a recombinant measles virus in which measles virus glycoproteins are replaced with the vesicular stomatitis virus G protein does not have an antiproliferative effect. Therefore, in vivo expression of measles virus glycoproteins is sufficient and necessary to induce inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation.
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ISSN:0022-538X
DOI:10.1128/JVI.71.10.7214-7219.1997