Plasma pyridoxal 5'-phosphate in the US population: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003-2004

No large-scale, population-based study has considered the descriptive epidemiology of vitamin B-6 status with use of plasma pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), the indicator of vitamin B-6 adequacy used to set the current Recommended Dietary Allowance, which is < or = 2 mg/d for all subgroups. We...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The American journal of clinical nutrition Vol. 87; no. 5; p. 1446
Main Authors: Morris, Martha Savaria, Picciano, Mary Frances, Jacques, Paul F, Selhub, Jacob
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States 01.05.2008
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Age Factors
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Biomarkers - blood
Child
Child, Preschool
Diet
Dietary Supplements
Female
Homocysteine - blood
Humans
Infant
Male
Middle Aged
Nutrition Policy
Nutrition Surveys
Nutritional Requirements
Nutritional Status
Pyridoxal Phosphate - blood
Sex Factors
United States
Vitamin B 6 - administration & dosage
Vitamin B 6 - blood
Vitamin B 6 Deficiency - blood
Vitamin B 6 Deficiency - epidemiology
United States
ISSN:1938-3207, 1938-3207
Online Access:Get more information
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Summary:No large-scale, population-based study has considered the descriptive epidemiology of vitamin B-6 status with use of plasma pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), the indicator of vitamin B-6 adequacy used to set the current Recommended Dietary Allowance, which is < or = 2 mg/d for all subgroups. We sought to examine the epidemiology of vitamin B-6 status in the US population. In > 6000 participants aged > or = 1 y in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2003-2004), we considered relations between plasma PLP and various subject characteristics and examined trends in plasma PLP and homocysteine with vitamin B-6 intake, both overall and in selected subgroups. In males, plasma PLP decreased with age after adolescence only in nonusers of supplemental vitamin B-6. Regardless of supplement use, plasma PLP concentrations of women of childbearing age were significantly lower than those of comparably aged men, and most oral contraceptive users had plasma PLP < 20 nmol/L. The prevalence of low plasma PLP was significantly > 3% at vitamin B-6 intakes from 2 to 2.9 mg/d in all subgroups and at intakes from 3 to 4.9 mg/d in smokers, the elderly, non-Hispanic blacks, and current and former oral contraceptive users. Intakes from 3 to 4.9 mg/d compared with < 2 mg/d were associated with significant protection from low plasma PLP in most subgroups and from hyperhomocysteinemia in the elderly. Vitamin B-6 intakes of 3 to 4.9 mg/d appear consistent with the definition of a Recommended Dietary Allowance for most Americans. However, at that intake level, substantial proportions of some population subgroups may not meet accepted criteria for adequate vitamin B-6 status.
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ISSN:1938-3207
1938-3207
DOI:10.1093/ajcn/87.5.1446