Timing and Carrier Synchronization With Channel Estimation in Multi-Relay Cooperative Networks
Multiple distributed nodes in cooperative networks generally are subject to multiple carrier frequency offsets (MCFOs) and multiple timing offsets (MTOs), which result in time varying channels and erroneous decoding. This paper seeks to develop estimation and detection algorithms that enable coopera...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | IEEE transactions on signal processing Jg. 60; H. 2; S. 793 - 811 |
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| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
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New York, NY
IEEE
01.02.2012
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) |
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| ISSN: | 1053-587X, 1941-0476, 1941-0476 |
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| Abstract | Multiple distributed nodes in cooperative networks generally are subject to multiple carrier frequency offsets (MCFOs) and multiple timing offsets (MTOs), which result in time varying channels and erroneous decoding. This paper seeks to develop estimation and detection algorithms that enable cooperative communications for both decode-and-forward (DF) and amplify-and-forward (AF) relaying networks in the presence of MCFOs, MTOs, and unknown channel gains. A novel transceiver structure at the relays for achieving synchronization in AF-relaying networks is proposed. New exact closed-form expressions for the Cramer-Rao lower bounds (CRLBs) for the multi-parameter estimation problem are derived. Next, two iterative algorithms based on the expectation conditional maximization (ECM) and space-alternating generalized expectation-maximization (SAGE) algorithms are proposed for jointly estimating MCFOs, MTOs, and channel gains at the destination. Though the global convergence of the proposed ECM and SAGE estimators cannot be shown analytically, numerical simulations indicate that through appropriate initialization the proposed algorithms can estimate channel and synchronization impairments in a few iterations. Finally, a maximum likelihood (ML) decoder is devised for decoding the received signal at the destination in the presence of MCFOs and MTOs. Simulation results show that through the application of the proposed estimation and decoding methods, cooperative systems result in significant performance gains even in presence of impairments. |
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| AbstractList | Multiple distributed nodes in cooperative networks generally are subject to multiple carrier frequency offsets (MCFOs) and multiple timing offsets (MTOs), which result in time varying channels and erroneous decoding. This paper seeks to develop estimation and detection algorithms that enable cooperative communications for both decode-and-forward (DF) and amplify-and-forward (AF) relaying networks in the presence of MCFOs, MTOs, and unknown channel gains. A novel transceiver structure at the relays for achieving synchronization in AF-relaying networks is proposed. New exact closed-form expressions for the Cramer-Rao lower bounds (CRLBs) for the multi-parameter estimation problem are derived. Next, two iterative algorithms based on the expectation conditional maximization (ECM) and space-alternating generalized expectation-maximization (SAGE) algorithms are proposed for jointly estimating MCFOs, MTOs, and channel gains at the destination. Though the global convergence of the proposed ECM and SAGE estimators cannot be shown analytically, numerical simulations indicate that through appropriate initialization the proposed algorithms can estimate channel and synchronization impairments in a few iterations. Finally, a maximum likelihood (ML) decoder is devised for decoding the received signal at the destination in the presence of MCFOs and MTOs. Simulation results show that through the application of the proposed estimation and decoding methods, cooperative systems result in significant performance gains even in presence of impairments. Multiple distributed nodes in cooperative networksgenerally are subject to multiple carrier frequency offsets (MCFOs)and multiple timing offsets (MTOs), which result in time varying channels and erroneous decoding. This paper seeks to develop estimation and detection algorithms that enable cooperative communications for both decode-and-forward (DF) and amplify-and-forward (AF) relaying networks in the presence of MCFOs, MTOs, and unknown channel gains. A novel transceiver structure at the relays for achieving synchronization in AF-relaying networks is proposed. New exact closed-form expressions for the Cramér-Rao lower bounds (CRLBs) for the multi-parameter estimation problem are derived. Next, two iterative algorithms based on the expectation conditional maximization (ECM) and space-alternating generalized expectation-maximization (SAGE) algorithms are proposed for jointly estimating MCFOs, MTOs, and channel gains at the destination. Though the global convergence of the proposed ECM and SAGE estimators cannot be shown analytically, numerical simulations indicate that through appropriate initialization the proposed algorithms can estimate channel and synchronization impairments in a few iterations. Finally, a maximum likelihood (ML) decoder is devised for decoding the received signal at the destination in the presence of MCFOs and MTOs. Simulation results show that through the application of the proposed estimation and decoding methods, cooperative systems result in significant performance gains even in presence of impairments. Multiple distributed nodes in cooperative networks generally are subject to multiple carrier frequency offsets (MCFOs) and multiple timing offsets (MTOs), which result in time varying channels and erroneous decoding. This paper seeks to develop estimation and detection algorithms that enable cooperative communications for both decode-and-forward (DF) and amplify-and-forward (AF) relaying networks in the presence of MCFOs, MTOs, and unknown channel gains. A novel transceiver structure at the relays for achieving synchronization in AF-relaying networks is proposed. New exact closed-form expressions for the Cramér-Rao lower bounds (CRLBs) for the multi-parameter estimation problem are derived. Next, two iterative algorithms based on the expectation conditional maximization (ECM) and space-alternating generalized expectation-maximization (SAGE) algorithms are proposed for jointly estimating MCFOs, MTOs, and channel gains at the destination. Though the global convergence of the proposed ECM and SAGE estimators cannot be shown analytically, numerical simulations indicate that through appropriate initialization the proposed algorithms can estimate channel and synchronization impairments in a few iterations. Finally, a maximum likelihood (ML) decoder is devised for decoding the received signal at the destination in the presence of MCFOs and MTOs. Simulation results show that through the application of the proposed estimation and decoding methods, cooperative systems result in significant performance gains even in presence of impairments. |
| Author | Blostein, Steven D. Mehrpouyan, Hani Durrani, Salman Kennedy, Rodney A. Nasir, Ali A. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Ali A. surname: Nasir fullname: Nasir, Ali A. email: ali.nasir@anu.edu.au organization: Res. Sch. of Eng., Australian Nat. Univ., Canberra, NSW, Australia – sequence: 2 givenname: Hani surname: Mehrpouyan fullname: Mehrpouyan, Hani email: hani.mehr@ieee.org organization: Dept. of Signals & Syst., Chalmers Univ. of Technol., Gothenburg, Sweden – sequence: 3 givenname: Steven D. surname: Blostein fullname: Blostein, Steven D. email: Steven.blostein@queensu.ca organization: Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Queen's Univ., Kingston, ON, Canada – sequence: 4 givenname: Salman surname: Durrani fullname: Durrani, Salman email: salman.durrani@anu.edu.au organization: Res. Sch. of Eng., Australian Nat. Univ., Canberra, NSW, Australia – sequence: 5 givenname: Rodney A. surname: Kennedy fullname: Kennedy, Rodney A. email: rodney.kennedy@anu.edu.au organization: Res. Sch. of Eng., Australian Nat. Univ., Canberra, NSW, Australia |
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| Snippet | Multiple distributed nodes in cooperative networks generally are subject to multiple carrier frequency offsets (MCFOs) and multiple timing offsets (MTOs),... Multiple distributed nodes in cooperative networksgenerally are subject to multiple carrier frequency offsets (MCFOs)and multiple timing offsets (MTOs), which... |
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| SubjectTerms | Algorithms Applied sciences Channel estimation Channels Coding, codes Cooperative communications Cramér-Rao lower bounds (CRLB) Decoding Detection, estimation, filtering, equalization, prediction Exact sciences and technology expectation conditional maximization (ECM) Gain Impairment Information, signal and communications theory Joints Maximum likelihood estimation Networks Relays Signal and communications theory Signal, noise space-alternating generalized expectation-maximization (SAGE) Synchronism Synchronization Telecommunications and information theory timing and carrier synchronization |
| Title | Timing and Carrier Synchronization With Channel Estimation in Multi-Relay Cooperative Networks |
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