Responsive early childhood parenting, preschool enrollment, and eventual student learning outcomes: a cross-country analysis using hierarchical linear modeling with TIMSS 2019 data

This paper examines whether parental engagement in early childhood and preschooling act as substitutes, or whether their joint effect enhances students’ learning outcomes. We utilize the TIMSS 2019 dataset and employ a hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) approach to analyze data from 52 countries, en...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	International journal of child care and education policy (Seoul) Vol. 19; no. 1; pp. 3 - 22
Main Authors:	Bhutoria, Aditi, Aljabri, Nayyaf, Bose, Saheli
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Singapore Springer Nature Singapore 01.12.2025 Springer Springer Nature B.V SpringerOpen
Subjects:	A20 A21 Analysis Childhood Early Childhood Education Early childhood education and care (ECEC) Education Educational objectives Educational Policy and Politics Enrollments Hierarchical Linear Model (HLM) Hierarchical Linear Modeling Hierarchies Home and school I21 Learner Engagement Learning Learning outcomes Linear analysis Literacy Mathematics Mathematics Tests Methods Numeracy Outcomes of Education Parent Influence Parent Participation Parent-child relations Parents & parenting Preschool children Preschool Tests Sciences education Scores Students Study and teaching Test scores Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) Young Children Saudi Arabia Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) A21 Hierarchical Linear Model (HLM) Early childhood education and care (ECEC) C39 I21 A20
ISSN:	2288-6729, 1976-5681, 2288-6729
Online Access:	Get full text
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