Soluble biomarkers for Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders: a mini review

The Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders (NMOSD) constitute a spectrum of rare autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system characterized by episodes of transverse myelitis, optic neuritis, and other demyelinating attacks. Previously thought to be a subtype of multiple sclerosis, NMOSD is no...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Frontiers in neurology Vol. 15; p. 1415535
Main Authors: Rodin, Rachel E., Chitnis, Tanuja
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 16.05.2024
Subjects:
glial fibrillary acidic protein
lymphocyte
neurofilament
Neurology
neutrophil
NMO
NMO
neurofilament
glial fibrillary acidic protein
neutrophil
lymphocyte
ISSN:1664-2295, 1664-2295
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:The Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders (NMOSD) constitute a spectrum of rare autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system characterized by episodes of transverse myelitis, optic neuritis, and other demyelinating attacks. Previously thought to be a subtype of multiple sclerosis, NMOSD is now known to be a distinct disease with unique pathophysiology, clinical course, and treatment options. Although there have been significant recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of NMOSD, the field still lacks clinically validated biomarkers that can be used to stratify disease severity, monitor disease activity, and inform treatment decisions. Here we review many emerging NMOSD biomarkers including markers of cellular damage, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, complement, and cytokines, with a focus on how each biomarker can potentially be used for initial diagnosis, relapse surveillance, disability prediction, and treatment monitoring.
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Elias S. Sotirchos, Johns Hopkins University, United States
Edited by: Ingo Kleiter, Marianne-Strauss-Klinik, Germany
Reviewed by: Klemens Ruprecht, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Germany
ISSN:1664-2295
1664-2295
DOI:10.3389/fneur.2024.1415535