Prevalence and occupational exposure to zoonotic diseases in high-risk populations in the Free State Province, South Africa

Zoonotic diseases are responsible for 2.5 billion human cases globally and approximately 2.7 million deaths annually. Surveillance of animal handlers and livestock for zoonotic pathogens contributes to understanding the true disease burden and risk factors within a community. This study investigated...

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Veröffentlicht in:Frontiers in microbiology Jg. 14; S. 1196044
Hauptverfasser: van der Westhuizen, Cornelius G., Burt, Felicity J., van Heerden, Nina, van Zyl, Willie, Anthonissen, Tonia, Musoke, Jolly
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 05.06.2023
Schlagworte:
bovine TB transmission
brucellosis
hantavirus
Leptospira
Microbiology
risk factors
zoonotic
risk factors
hantavirus
brucellosis
tuberculosis
seroprevalence
zoonotic
bovine TB transmission
Leptospira
ISSN:1664-302X, 1664-302X
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Zusammenfassung:Zoonotic diseases are responsible for 2.5 billion human cases globally and approximately 2.7 million deaths annually. Surveillance of animal handlers and livestock for zoonotic pathogens contributes to understanding the true disease burden and risk factors within a community. This study investigated the prevalence of selected zoonoses in cattle, farm workers and occupational exposure to endemic zoonotic diseases and their associated risk factors. Sputum samples from farmworkers were screened for . Blood specimens from farmworkers and archived sera were tested for serological evidence of sp., hantaviruses, and sp. Communal and commercial cattle herds were tested for bovine tuberculosis and brucellosis. was not isolated from human samples. A total of 327 human sera were screened, and 35/327 (10.7%) were sp. IgG positive, 17/327 (5.2%) sp. IgM positive, and 38/327 (11.6%) hantavirus IgG positive (95% CI). A higher proportion of sp. IgG-positive samples were detected among veterinarians (value of  = 0.0006). Additionally, two cattle from a commercial dairy farm were bovine tuberculosis (bTB) positive using the bTB skin test and confirmatory interferon-gamma assay. A higher percentage of confirmed brucellosis-positive animals were from communal herds (8.7%) compared to commercial herds (1.1%). These findings highlight the brucellosis and prevalence in commercial and communal herds, the zoonotic disease risk in commercial and subsistence farming in developing countries, and the occupational and rural exposure risk to zoonotic pathogens.
Bibliographie:ObjectType-Article-1
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ObjectType-Feature-2
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Reviewed by: Marco Antonio Natal Vigilato, Pan American Health Organization, United States; Ana Cláudia Coelho, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Portugal
Edited by: Laurent Rénia, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
ISSN:1664-302X
1664-302X
DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1196044