Chemical biology of anticancer gold(III) and gold(I) complexes

Gold complexes have recently gained increasing attention in the design of new metal-based anticancer therapeutics. Gold(III) complexes are generally reactive/unstable under physiological conditions via intracellular redox reactions, and the intracellular Au(III) to Au(I) reduction reaction has recen...

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Published in:Chemical Society reviews Vol. 44; no. 24; p. 8786
Main Authors: Zou, Taotao, Lum, Ching Tung, Lok, Chun-Nam, Zhang, Jing-Jing, Che, Chi-Ming
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England 21.12.2015
Subjects:
Animals
Antineoplastic Agents - chemistry
Antineoplastic Agents - pharmacology
Cell Line, Tumor
Cell Proliferation - drug effects
Humans
Molecular Structure
Neoplasms - drug therapy
Neoplasms - pathology
Organogold Compounds - chemistry
Organogold Compounds - pharmacology
ISSN:1460-4744, 1460-4744
Online Access:Get more information
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Summary:Gold complexes have recently gained increasing attention in the design of new metal-based anticancer therapeutics. Gold(III) complexes are generally reactive/unstable under physiological conditions via intracellular redox reactions, and the intracellular Au(III) to Au(I) reduction reaction has recently been "traced" by the introduction of appropriate fluorescent ligands. Similar to most Au(I) complexes, Au(III) complexes can inhibit the activities of thiol-containing enzymes, including thioredoxin reductase, via ligand exchange reactions to form Au-S(Se) bonds. Nonetheless, there are examples of physiologically stable Au(III) and Au(I) complexes, such as [Au(TPP)]Cl (H2TPP = 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin) and [Au(dppe)2]Cl (dppe = 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphanyl)ethane), which are known to display highly potent in vitro and in vivo anticancer activities. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of anticancer gold complexes, including their mechanisms of action and the approaches adopted to improve their anticancer efficiency. Some recent examples of gold anticancer chemotherapeutics are highlighted.
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ISSN:1460-4744
1460-4744
DOI:10.1039/c5cs00132c