Global estimates of incidence of type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents: Results from the International Diabetes Federation Atlas, 10th edition

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) incidence in children and adolescents varies widely, and is increasing in many nations. The 10th edition of the International Diabetes Federation Atlas estimated incident cases in 2021 for 215 countries/territories (“countries”). Studies on T1D incidence for young people aged 0...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Diabetes research and clinical practice Jg. 183; S. 109083
Hauptverfasser:	Ogle, Graham D., James, Steven, Dabelea, Dana, Pihoker, Catherine, Svennson, Jannet, Maniam, Jayanthi, Klatman, Emma L., Patterson, Chris C.
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	Ireland Elsevier B.V 01.01.2022
Schlagworte:	Adolescent Adolescents Adult Africa, Northern Child Child, Preschool Children Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - epidemiology Global Health Humans Incidence Incident Infant Infant, Newborn Middle East - epidemiology Type 1 diabetes Young Adult Africa, Northern Middle East Atlas Children Incident Adolescents Type 1 diabetes Incidence
ISSN:	0168-8227, 1872-8227, 1872-8227
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Abstract	Type 1 diabetes (T1D) incidence in children and adolescents varies widely, and is increasing in many nations. The 10th edition of the International Diabetes Federation Atlas estimated incident cases in 2021 for 215 countries/territories (“countries”). Studies on T1D incidence for young people aged 0–19 years were sourced and graded using previously described methods. For countries without studies, data were extrapolated from similar nearby countries. An estimated 108,300 children under 15 years will be diagnosed in 2021, a number rising to 149,500 when the age range extends to under 20 years. The ratio of incidence in 15–19 years compared to those aged 0–14 years was particularly high in some countries in sub-Saharan Africa, North Africa/Middle East, and in Mexico. Only 97 countries have their own incidence data, with extrapolation required for some very populous nations. Most data published were not recent, with 27 countries (28%) having data in which the last study year was 2015 or afterwards, and 26 (27%) having no data after 1999. Many countries have recent data but there are large gaps globally. Such data are critical for allocation of resources, teaching, training, and advocacy. All countries are encouraged to collect and publish current data.
AbstractList	Type 1 diabetes (T1D) incidence in children and adolescents varies widely, and is increasing in many nations. The 10th edition of the International Diabetes Federation Atlas estimated incident cases in 2021 for 215 countries/territories ("countries"). Studies on T1D incidence for young people aged 0-19 years were sourced and graded using previously described methods. For countries without studies, data were extrapolated from similar nearby countries. An estimated 108,300 children under 15 years will be diagnosed in 2021, a number rising to 149,500 when the age range extends to under 20 years. The ratio of incidence in 15-19 years compared to those aged 0-14 years was particularly high in some countries in sub-Saharan Africa, North Africa/Middle East, and in Mexico. Only 97 countries have their own incidence data, with extrapolation required for some very populous nations. Most data published were not recent, with 27 countries (28%) having data in which the last study year was 2015 or afterwards, and 26 (27%) having no data after 1999. Many countries have recent data but there are large gaps globally. Such data are critical for allocation of resources, teaching, training, and advocacy. All countries are encouraged to collect and publish current data. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) incidence in children and adolescents varies widely, and is increasing in many nations. The 10th edition of the International Diabetes Federation Atlas estimated incident cases in 2021 for 215 countries/territories (“countries”). Studies on T1D incidence for young people aged 0–19 years were sourced and graded using previously described methods. For countries without studies, data were extrapolated from similar nearby countries. An estimated 108,300 children under 15 years will be diagnosed in 2021, a number rising to 149,500 when the age range extends to under 20 years. The ratio of incidence in 15–19 years compared to those aged 0–14 years was particularly high in some countries in sub-Saharan Africa, North Africa/Middle East, and in Mexico. Only 97 countries have their own incidence data, with extrapolation required for some very populous nations. Most data published were not recent, with 27 countries (28%) having data in which the last study year was 2015 or afterwards, and 26 (27%) having no data after 1999. Many countries have recent data but there are large gaps globally. Such data are critical for allocation of resources, teaching, training, and advocacy. All countries are encouraged to collect and publish current data. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) incidence in children and adolescents varies widely, and is increasing in many nations. The 10th edition of the International Diabetes Federation Atlas estimated incident cases in 2021 for 215 countries/territories ("countries").BACKGROUNDType 1 diabetes (T1D) incidence in children and adolescents varies widely, and is increasing in many nations. The 10th edition of the International Diabetes Federation Atlas estimated incident cases in 2021 for 215 countries/territories ("countries").Studies on T1D incidence for young people aged 0-19 years were sourced and graded using previously described methods. For countries without studies, data were extrapolated from similar nearby countries.METHODSStudies on T1D incidence for young people aged 0-19 years were sourced and graded using previously described methods. For countries without studies, data were extrapolated from similar nearby countries.An estimated 108,300 children under 15 years will be diagnosed in 2021, a number rising to 149,500 when the age range extends to under 20 years. The ratio of incidence in 15-19 years compared to those aged 0-14 years was particularly high in some countries in sub-Saharan Africa, North Africa/Middle East, and in Mexico. Only 97 countries have their own incidence data, with extrapolation required for some very populous nations. Most data published were not recent, with 27 countries (28%) having data in which the last study year was 2015 or afterwards, and 26 (27%) having no data after 1999.RESULTSAn estimated 108,300 children under 15 years will be diagnosed in 2021, a number rising to 149,500 when the age range extends to under 20 years. The ratio of incidence in 15-19 years compared to those aged 0-14 years was particularly high in some countries in sub-Saharan Africa, North Africa/Middle East, and in Mexico. Only 97 countries have their own incidence data, with extrapolation required for some very populous nations. Most data published were not recent, with 27 countries (28%) having data in which the last study year was 2015 or afterwards, and 26 (27%) having no data after 1999.Many countries have recent data but there are large gaps globally. Such data are critical for allocation of resources, teaching, training, and advocacy. All countries are encouraged to collect and publish current data.CONCLUSIONSMany countries have recent data but there are large gaps globally. Such data are critical for allocation of resources, teaching, training, and advocacy. All countries are encouraged to collect and publish current data.
ArticleNumber	109083
Author	Dabelea, Dana Svennson, Jannet James, Steven Maniam, Jayanthi Patterson, Chris C. Pihoker, Catherine Ogle, Graham D. Klatman, Emma L.
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Graham D. surname: Ogle fullname: Ogle, Graham D. email: grahamo@diabetesnsw.com.au organization: Life for a Child, Diabetes NSW, Glebe, New South Wales, Australia – sequence: 2 givenname: Steven surname: James fullname: James, Steven organization: Life for a Child, Diabetes NSW, Glebe, New South Wales, Australia – sequence: 3 givenname: Dana surname: Dabelea fullname: Dabelea, Dana organization: Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States – sequence: 4 givenname: Catherine surname: Pihoker fullname: Pihoker, Catherine organization: Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States – sequence: 5 givenname: Jannet surname: Svennson fullname: Svennson, Jannet organization: Department of Pediatric and Adolescents, Herlev and Gentofte University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark – sequence: 6 givenname: Jayanthi surname: Maniam fullname: Maniam, Jayanthi organization: Life for a Child, Diabetes NSW, Glebe, New South Wales, Australia – sequence: 7 givenname: Emma L. surname: Klatman fullname: Klatman, Emma L. organization: Life for a Child, Diabetes NSW, Glebe, New South Wales, Australia – sequence: 8 givenname: Chris C. surname: Patterson fullname: Patterson, Chris C. organization: Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
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References_xml	– reference: Ogle G, von Oettingen J, Middlehurst A, Hanas R, Orchard T. Levels of type 1 diabetes care in children and adolescents for countries at varying resource levels. Pediatr Diabetes. 2019;20(1):93-8 PMID: 30471084 10.1111/pedi.12801. – reference: Tuomilehto J, Ogle G, Lund-Blix N, Stene L. Update on worldwide trends in occurrence of childhood type 1 diabetes in 2020. Pediatric endocrinology reviews : PER. 2020;17:198-209 PMID: 32208564 10.17458/per.vol17.2020.tol.epidemiologychildtype1diabetes. – reference: Patterson C, Karuranga S, Salpea P, Saeedi P, Dahlquist G, Soltesz G, et al. Worldwide estimates of incidence, prevalence and mortality of type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents: Results from the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas, 9th edition. 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Pediatr Diabetes. 2018;19:7-19 PMID: 30226024 10.1111/pedi.12773. – reference: Patterson C, Harjutsalo V, Rosenbauer J, Neu A, Cinek O, Skrivarhaug T, et al. Trends and cyclical variation in the incidence of childhood type 1 diabetes in 26 European centres in the 25 year period 1989-2013: A multicentre prospective registration study. Diabetologia. 2019;62(3):408-17 PMID: 30483858 10.1007/s00125-018-4763-3. – volume: 310 start-page: 427 year: 2013 end-page: 428 ident: b0075 article-title: Incidence of type 1 diabetes in Finland publication-title: JAMA – reference: Mebrahtu G, Maniam J, James S, Ogle G. High incidence of type 1 diabetes in adolescents and young adults in Eritrea. Diabet Med. 2021;38:e14544 10.1111/dme. – reference: Marshall S, Edidin DA, VC, Becker D, Bunker C, Gishoma C, Gishoma F, et al. Prevalence and incidence of clinically recognized cases of Type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents in Rwanda, Africa. 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Pediatr Diabetes. 2021:1-7 10.1111/pedi.13191. – volume: 6 start-page: 87 issue: 3 year: 2019 ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109083_b0050 article-title: Type 1 diabetes mellitus in Gabon: A study of epidemiological aspects publication-title: Int J Pediatr Adolesc Med doi: 10.1016/j.ijpam.2019.02.007 – volume: 3 issue: 1 year: 2017 ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109083_b0035 article-title: Type 1 diabetes mellitus publication-title: Nat Rev Dis Primers doi: 10.1038/nrdp.2017.16 – ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109083_b0060 doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2019.107817 – ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109083_b0055 doi: 10.1111/dme.14544 – ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109083_b0070 doi: 10.1126/science.1172257 – ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109083_b0090 – ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109083_b0020 doi: 10.1111/pedi.13191 – ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109083_b0015 – ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109083_b0040 – volume: 15 start-page: 1 issue: 255 year: 2015 ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109083_b0080 article-title: Global epidemiology of type 1 diabetes in young adults and adults: a systematic review publication-title: BMC Public Health – ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109083_b0030 doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2019.107842 – ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109083_b0005 doi: 10.1111/pedi.12773 – ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109083_b0065 doi: 10.1111/dme.12701 – volume: 310 start-page: 427 issue: 4 year: 2013 ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109083_b0075 article-title: Incidence of type 1 diabetes in Finland publication-title: JAMA doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.8399 – ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109083_b0025 doi: 10.1007/s00125-018-4763-3 – ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109083_b0085 doi: 10.1007/s00125-009-1433-5 – ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109083_b0010 doi: 10.1111/pedi.12801 – ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109083_b0045
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Snippet	Type 1 diabetes (T1D) incidence in children and adolescents varies widely, and is increasing in many nations. The 10th edition of the International Diabetes...
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SubjectTerms	Adolescent Adolescents Adult Africa, Northern Child Child, Preschool Children Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - epidemiology Global Health Humans Incidence Incident Infant Infant, Newborn Middle East - epidemiology Type 1 diabetes Young Adult
Title	Global estimates of incidence of type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents: Results from the International Diabetes Federation Atlas, 10th edition
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