Direct Neuronal Reprogramming: Achievements, Hurdles, and New Roads to Success

The ability to directly reprogram mature cells to alternative fates challenges concepts of how cell identities are maintained, erased, and acquired. Recent advances in understanding and overcoming hurdles to direct neuronal conversion have provided new insights into mechanisms that maintain cell ide...

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Published in:Cell stem cell Vol. 21; no. 1; p. 18
Main Authors: Gascón, Sergio, Masserdotti, Giacomo, Russo, Gianluca Luigi, Götz, Magdalena
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States 06.07.2017
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ISSN:1875-9777, 1875-9777
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Abstract The ability to directly reprogram mature cells to alternative fates challenges concepts of how cell identities are maintained, erased, and acquired. Recent advances in understanding and overcoming hurdles to direct neuronal conversion have provided new insights into mechanisms that maintain cell identity programs and have enabled high efficiency reprogramming in vivo. We discuss key cell-intrinsic molecular and metabolic constraints that influence the establishment of a new identity as well as environmental inputs from injured brains that favor or harm the conversion process. Finally, we outline the challenges ahead with a particular focus on direct neuronal reprogramming in vivo.
AbstractList The ability to directly reprogram mature cells to alternative fates challenges concepts of how cell identities are maintained, erased, and acquired. Recent advances in understanding and overcoming hurdles to direct neuronal conversion have provided new insights into mechanisms that maintain cell identity programs and have enabled high efficiency reprogramming in vivo. We discuss key cell-intrinsic molecular and metabolic constraints that influence the establishment of a new identity as well as environmental inputs from injured brains that favor or harm the conversion process. Finally, we outline the challenges ahead with a particular focus on direct neuronal reprogramming in vivo.The ability to directly reprogram mature cells to alternative fates challenges concepts of how cell identities are maintained, erased, and acquired. Recent advances in understanding and overcoming hurdles to direct neuronal conversion have provided new insights into mechanisms that maintain cell identity programs and have enabled high efficiency reprogramming in vivo. We discuss key cell-intrinsic molecular and metabolic constraints that influence the establishment of a new identity as well as environmental inputs from injured brains that favor or harm the conversion process. Finally, we outline the challenges ahead with a particular focus on direct neuronal reprogramming in vivo.
The ability to directly reprogram mature cells to alternative fates challenges concepts of how cell identities are maintained, erased, and acquired. Recent advances in understanding and overcoming hurdles to direct neuronal conversion have provided new insights into mechanisms that maintain cell identity programs and have enabled high efficiency reprogramming in vivo. We discuss key cell-intrinsic molecular and metabolic constraints that influence the establishment of a new identity as well as environmental inputs from injured brains that favor or harm the conversion process. Finally, we outline the challenges ahead with a particular focus on direct neuronal reprogramming in vivo.
Author Gascón, Sergio
Masserdotti, Giacomo
Götz, Magdalena
Russo, Gianluca Luigi
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  givenname: Sergio
  surname: Gascón
  fullname: Gascón, Sergio
  organization: Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Center Munich and Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Großhadernerstrasse 9, 82152 Planegg/Munich, Germany
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  givenname: Giacomo
  surname: Masserdotti
  fullname: Masserdotti, Giacomo
  organization: Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Center Munich and Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Großhadernerstrasse 9, 82152 Planegg/Munich, Germany
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Gianluca Luigi
  surname: Russo
  fullname: Russo, Gianluca Luigi
  organization: Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Center Munich and Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Großhadernerstrasse 9, 82152 Planegg/Munich, Germany; Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 82152 Planegg, Germany
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  givenname: Magdalena
  surname: Götz
  fullname: Götz, Magdalena
  email: magdalena.goetz@helmholtz-muenchen.de
  organization: Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Center Munich and Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Großhadernerstrasse 9, 82152 Planegg/Munich, Germany; SYNERGY, Excellence Cluster of Systems Neurology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany. Electronic address: magdalena.goetz@helmholtz-muenchen.de
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28686866$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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SubjectTerms Animals
Cellular Reprogramming
Cellular Reprogramming Techniques - methods
Humans
Neurons - cytology
Neurons - metabolism
Title Direct Neuronal Reprogramming: Achievements, Hurdles, and New Roads to Success
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