Could Gait Biomechanics Become a Marker of Atypical Neuronal Circuitry in Human Development?—The Example of Autism Spectrum Disorder

This perspective paper presents converging recent knowledge in neurosciences (motor neurophysiology, neuroimaging and neuro cognition) and biomechanics to outline the relationships between maturing neuronal network, behavior, and gait in human development. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) represents a...

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Published in:Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology Vol. 9; p. 624522
Main Authors: Jequier Gygax, Marine, Maillard, Anne M., Favre, Julien
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 16.03.2021
Subjects:
autism
Bioengineering and Biotechnology
biomarker
biomechanics
gait
neuronal circuit development
walking
neuronal circuit development
gait
walking
patterns
biomechanics
biomarker
machine learning
autism
ISSN:2296-4185, 2296-4185
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:This perspective paper presents converging recent knowledge in neurosciences (motor neurophysiology, neuroimaging and neuro cognition) and biomechanics to outline the relationships between maturing neuronal network, behavior, and gait in human development. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) represents a particularly relevant neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) to study these convergences, as an early life condition presenting with sensorimotor and social behavioral alterations. ASD diagnosis relies solely on behavioral criteria. The absence of biological marker in ASD is a main challenge, and hampers correlations between behavioral development and standardized data such as brain structure alterations, brain connectivity, or genetic profile. Gait, as a way to study motor system development, represents a well-studied, early life ability that can be characterized through standardized biomechanical analysis. Therefore, developmental gait biomechanics might appear as a possible motor phenotype and biomarker, solid enough to be correlated to neuronal network maturation, in normal and atypical developmental trajectories—like in ASD.
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This article was submitted to Biomechanics, a section of the journal Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
Edited by: Yury Ivanenko, Santa Lucia Foundation (IRCCS), Italy
Reviewed by: Alessandro Crippa, Eugenio Medea (IRCCS), Italy; Jeff Eggleston, The University of Texas at El Paso, United States
ISSN:2296-4185
2296-4185
DOI:10.3389/fbioe.2021.624522