Diabetic retinopathy: current understanding, mechanisms, and treatment strategies

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) causes significant visual loss on a global scale. Treatments for the vision-threatening complications of diabetic macular edema (DME) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) have greatly improved over the past decade. However, additional therapeutic options are needed...

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Published in:	JCI insight Vol. 2; no. 14
Main Authors:	Duh, Elia J., Sun, Jennifer K., Stitt, Alan W.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States American Society for Clinical Investigation 20.07.2017
Subjects:	Review
ISSN:	2379-3708, 2379-3708
Online Access:	Get full text
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Abstract	Diabetic retinopathy (DR) causes significant visual loss on a global scale. Treatments for the vision-threatening complications of diabetic macular edema (DME) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) have greatly improved over the past decade. However, additional therapeutic options are needed that take into account pathology associated with vascular, glial, and neuronal components of the diabetic retina. Recent work indicates that diabetes markedly impacts the retinal neurovascular unit and its interdependent vascular, neuronal, glial, and immune cells. This knowledge is leading to identification of new targets and therapeutic strategies for preventing or reversing retinal neuronal dysfunction, vascular leakage, ischemia, and pathologic angiogenesis. These advances, together with approaches embracing the potential of preventative or regenerative medicine, could provide the means to better manage DR, including treatment at earlier stages and more precise tailoring of treatments based on individual patient variations.
AbstractList	Diabetic retinopathy (DR) causes significant visual loss on a global scale. Treatments for the vision-threatening complications of diabetic macular edema (DME) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) have greatly improved over the past decade. However, additional therapeutic options are needed that take into account pathology associated with vascular, glial, and neuronal components of the diabetic retina. Recent work indicates that diabetes markedly impacts the retinal neurovascular unit and its interdependent vascular, neuronal, glial, and immune cells. This knowledge is leading to identification of new targets and therapeutic strategies for preventing or reversing retinal neuronal dysfunction, vascular leakage, ischemia, and pathologic angiogenesis. These advances, together with approaches embracing the potential of preventative or regenerative medicine, could provide the means to better manage DR, including treatment at earlier stages and more precise tailoring of treatments based on individual patient variations. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) causes significant visual loss on a global scale. Treatments for the vision-threatening complications of diabetic macular edema (DME) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) have greatly improved over the past decade. However, additional therapeutic options are needed that take into account pathology associated with vascular, glial, and neuronal components of the diabetic retina. Recent work indicates that diabetes markedly impacts the retinal neurovascular unit and its interdependent vascular, neuronal, glial, and immune cells. This knowledge is leading to identification of new targets and therapeutic strategies for preventing or reversing retinal neuronal dysfunction, vascular leakage, ischemia, and pathologic angiogenesis. These advances, together with approaches embracing the potential of preventative or regenerative medicine, could provide the means to better manage DR, including treatment at earlier stages and more precise tailoring of treatments based on individual patient variations.Diabetic retinopathy (DR) causes significant visual loss on a global scale. Treatments for the vision-threatening complications of diabetic macular edema (DME) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) have greatly improved over the past decade. However, additional therapeutic options are needed that take into account pathology associated with vascular, glial, and neuronal components of the diabetic retina. Recent work indicates that diabetes markedly impacts the retinal neurovascular unit and its interdependent vascular, neuronal, glial, and immune cells. This knowledge is leading to identification of new targets and therapeutic strategies for preventing or reversing retinal neuronal dysfunction, vascular leakage, ischemia, and pathologic angiogenesis. These advances, together with approaches embracing the potential of preventative or regenerative medicine, could provide the means to better manage DR, including treatment at earlier stages and more precise tailoring of treatments based on individual patient variations.
Author	Sun, Jennifer K. Stitt, Alan W. Duh, Elia J.
AuthorAffiliation	2 Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA 3 Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom 1 Wilmer Ophthalmologic Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
AuthorAffiliation_xml	– name: 3 Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom – name: 2 Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA – name: 1 Wilmer Ophthalmologic Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Elia J. surname: Duh fullname: Duh, Elia J. – sequence: 2 givenname: Jennifer K. surname: Sun fullname: Sun, Jennifer K. – sequence: 3 givenname: Alan W. surname: Stitt fullname: Stitt, Alan W.
BackLink	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28724805$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Snippet	Diabetic retinopathy (DR) causes significant visual loss on a global scale. Treatments for the vision-threatening complications of diabetic macular edema (DME)...
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Title	Diabetic retinopathy: current understanding, mechanisms, and treatment strategies
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