New Arylalkylamine N-Acetyltransferase in Silkworm (Bombyx mori) Affects Integument Pigmentation

Dopamine is a precursor for melanin synthesis. Arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT) is involved in the melatonin formation in insects because it could catalyze the transformation from dopamine to dopamine-N-acetyldopamine. In this study, we identified a new AANAT gene in the silkworm (Bombyx m...

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Veröffentlicht in:Applied biochemistry and biotechnology Jg. 175; H. 7; S. 3447 - 3457
Hauptverfasser: Long, Yaohang, Li, Jiaorong, Zhao, Tianfu, Li, Guannan, Zhu, Yong
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Boston Springer-Verlag 01.04.2015
Springer US
Springer Nature B.V
Schlagworte:
Amino acids
Animals
Arylalkylamine N-Acetyltransferase - biosynthesis
Arylalkylamine N-Acetyltransferase - genetics
Arylalkylamine N-Acetyltransferase - metabolism
Biochemistry
Biotechnology
Bombyx - enzymology
Bombyx mori
Butterflies & moths
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
complementary DNA
Dopamine
Enzymatic activity
enzyme activity
Enzymes
Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
genes
genetically modified organisms
head
high performance liquid chromatography
integument
Integumentary System
Liquid chromatography
melanin
Melanins - biosynthesis
melatonin
Melatonin - biosynthesis
metabolism
Pigmentation
Pigmentation - genetics
Pigments
quantitative polymerase chain reaction
silkworms
acetyltransferase (AANAT)
Dopamine
Transgenic silkworm
Arylalkylamine
Melanin
Integument color
ISSN:0273-2289, 1559-0291, 1559-0291
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Zusammenfassung:Dopamine is a precursor for melanin synthesis. Arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT) is involved in the melatonin formation in insects because it could catalyze the transformation from dopamine to dopamine-N-acetyldopamine. In this study, we identified a new AANAT gene in the silkworm (Bombyx mori) and assessed its role in the silkworm. The cDNA of this gene encodes 233 amino acids that shares 57 % amino acid identity with the Bm-iAANAT protein. We thus refer to this gene as Bm-iAANAT2. To investigate the role of Bm-iAANAT2, we constructed a transgenic interference system using a 3xp3 promoter to suppress the expression of Bm-iAANAT2 in the silkworm. We observed that melanin deposition occurs in the head and integument in transgenic lines. To verify the melanism pattern, dopamine content and the enzyme activity of AANAT were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). We found that an increase in dopamine levels affects melanism patterns on the heads of transgenic B. mori. A reduction in the enzyme activity of AANAT leads to changes in dopamine levels. We analyzed the expression of the Bm-iAANAT2 genes by qPCR and found that the expression of Bm-iAANAT2 gene is significantly lower in transgenic lines. Our results lead us to conclude that Bm-iAANAT2 is a new arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase gene in the silkworm and is involved in the metabolism of the dopamine to avoid the generation of melanin.
Bibliographie:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12010-015-1516-3
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ISSN:0273-2289
1559-0291
1559-0291
DOI:10.1007/s12010-015-1516-3