Obesity, risk of diabetes and role of physical activity, exercise training and cardiorespiratory fitness

The epidemic of obesity contributes to the burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the United States and worldwide. Importantly, obesity is not only preventable but can be treated, particularly with lifestyle modifications to forestall T2DM in those with excess adiposity. The mechanisms linking...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:	Progress in cardiovascular diseases Jg. 62; H. 4; S. 327 - 333
Hauptverfasser:	Carbone, Salvatore, Del Buono, Marco Giuseppe, Ozemek, Cemal, Lavie, Carl J.
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	United States Elsevier Inc 01.07.2019
Schlagworte:	Aged Body Mass Index Cardiorespiratory fitness Cardiovascular Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control Comorbidity Diabetes Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - diagnosis Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - epidemiology Exercise - physiology Exercise Therapy - methods Exercise training Female Humans Life Style Male Middle Aged Obesity Obesity - diagnosis Obesity - epidemiology Physical activity Prognosis Quality of Life Risk Assessment Sedentary Behavior Sedentary behaviors Severity of Illness Index Weight Loss - physiology FFA T2DM Physical activity DPP FM WC SB VO2 NLRP3 Sedentary behaviors Exercise training HbA1c BMI Obesity IL ET CVD PA CV CRF Cardiorespiratory fitness Diabetes GLUT4 MET ADA free-fatty acids fat mass cardiorespiratory fitness oxygen consumption type 2 diabetes mellitus interleukin sedentary behavior glucose-transporter type 4 cardiovascular disease VO 2 waist circumference body mass index cardiovascular metabolic equivalent of tasks physical activity Nod-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein Diabetes Prevention Program glycated hemoglobin exercise training American Diabetes Association
ISSN:	0033-0620, 1873-1740, 1532-8643, 1873-1740
Online-Zugang:	Volltext
Tags:	Tag hinzufügen Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!

Abstract	The epidemic of obesity contributes to the burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the United States and worldwide. Importantly, obesity is not only preventable but can be treated, particularly with lifestyle modifications to forestall T2DM in those with excess adiposity. The mechanisms linking obesity to T2DM are numerous and involve adipose tissue remodeling as a result of unhealthy behaviors, including unhealthy diet, reduced physical activity (PA) and exercise training (ET), and increased sedentary behaviors. Taken together, these factors markedly reduce cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), one of the strongest predictors for cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality in the general population, but also in those with T2DM. In this review we describe the mechanisms leading to adipose tissue remodeling resulting in obesity, as well as the mechanisms linking excess adiposity to insulin resistance and, in turn, T2DM. We then present the therapeutic strategies that can be implemented in obesity to prevent T2DM, with a brief discussion on weight loss, and greater emphasis on PA and ET. We finally present the evidence to support the beneficial effects of such strategies in patients with established T2DM and discuss the importance of achieving improvements in CRF in this population to potentially improve clinical outcomes.
AbstractList	The epidemic of obesity contributes to the burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the United States and worldwide. Importantly, obesity is not only preventable but can be treated, particularly with lifestyle modifications to forestall T2DM in those with excess adiposity. The mechanisms linking obesity to T2DM are numerous and involve adipose tissue remodeling as a result of unhealthy behaviors, including unhealthy diet, reduced physical activity (PA) and exercise training (ET), and increased sedentary behaviors. Taken together, these factors markedly reduce cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), one of the strongest predictors for cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality in the general population, but also in those with T2DM. In this review we describe the mechanisms leading to adipose tissue remodeling resulting in obesity, as well as the mechanisms linking excess adiposity to insulin resistance and, in turn, T2DM. We then present the therapeutic strategies that can be implemented in obesity to prevent T2DM, with a brief discussion on weight loss, and greater emphasis on PA and ET. We finally present the evidence to support the beneficial effects of such strategies in patients with established T2DM and discuss the importance of achieving improvements in CRF in this population to potentially improve clinical outcomes. The epidemic of obesity contributes to the burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the United States and worldwide. Importantly, obesity is not only preventable but can be treated, particularly with lifestyle modifications to forestall T2DM in those with excess adiposity. The mechanisms linking obesity to T2DM are numerous and involve adipose tissue remodeling as a result of unhealthy behaviors, including unhealthy diet, reduced physical activity (PA) and exercise training (ET), and increased sedentary behaviors. Taken together, these factors markedly reduce cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), one of the strongest predictors for cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality in the general population, but also in those with T2DM. In this review we describe the mechanisms leading to adipose tissue remodeling resulting in obesity, as well as the mechanisms linking excess adiposity to insulin resistance and, in turn, T2DM. We then present the therapeutic strategies that can be implemented in obesity to prevent T2DM, with a brief discussion on weight loss, and greater emphasis on PA and ET. We finally present the evidence to support the beneficial effects of such strategies in patients with established T2DM and discuss the importance of achieving improvements in CRF in this population to potentially improve clinical outcomes. AbstractThe epidemic of obesity contributes to the burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the United States and worldwide. Importantly, obesity is not only preventable but can be treated, particularly with lifestyle modifications to forestall T2DM in those with excess adiposity. The mechanisms linking obesity to T2DM are numerous and involve adipose tissue remodeling as a result of unhealthy behaviors, including unhealthy diet, reduced physical activity (PA) and exercise training (ET), and increased sedentary behaviors. Taken together, these factors markedly reduce cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), one of the strongest predictors for cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality in the general population, but also in those with T2DM. In this review we describe the mechanisms leading to adipose tissue remodeling resulting in obesity, as well as the mechanisms linking excess adiposity to insulin resistance and, in turn, T2DM. We then present the therapeutic strategies that can be implemented in obesity to prevent T2DM, with a brief discussion on weight loss, and greater emphasis on PA and ET. We finally present the evidence to support the beneficial effects of such strategies in patients with established T2DM and discuss the importance of achieving improvements in CRF in this population to potentially improve clinical outcomes. The epidemic of obesity contributes to the burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the United States and worldwide. Importantly, obesity is not only preventable but can be treated, particularly with lifestyle modifications to forestall T2DM in those with excess adiposity. The mechanisms linking obesity to T2DM are numerous and involve adipose tissue remodeling as a result of unhealthy behaviors, including unhealthy diet, reduced physical activity (PA) and exercise training (ET), and increased sedentary behaviors. Taken together, these factors markedly reduce cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), one of the strongest predictors for cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality in the general population, but also in those with T2DM. In this review we describe the mechanisms leading to adipose tissue remodeling resulting in obesity, as well as the mechanisms linking excess adiposity to insulin resistance and, in turn, T2DM. We then present the therapeutic strategies that can be implemented in obesity to prevent T2DM, with a brief discussion on weight loss, and greater emphasis on PA and ET. We finally present the evidence to support the beneficial effects of such strategies in patients with established T2DM and discuss the importance of achieving improvements in CRF in this population to potentially improve clinical outcomes.The epidemic of obesity contributes to the burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the United States and worldwide. Importantly, obesity is not only preventable but can be treated, particularly with lifestyle modifications to forestall T2DM in those with excess adiposity. The mechanisms linking obesity to T2DM are numerous and involve adipose tissue remodeling as a result of unhealthy behaviors, including unhealthy diet, reduced physical activity (PA) and exercise training (ET), and increased sedentary behaviors. Taken together, these factors markedly reduce cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), one of the strongest predictors for cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality in the general population, but also in those with T2DM. In this review we describe the mechanisms leading to adipose tissue remodeling resulting in obesity, as well as the mechanisms linking excess adiposity to insulin resistance and, in turn, T2DM. We then present the therapeutic strategies that can be implemented in obesity to prevent T2DM, with a brief discussion on weight loss, and greater emphasis on PA and ET. We finally present the evidence to support the beneficial effects of such strategies in patients with established T2DM and discuss the importance of achieving improvements in CRF in this population to potentially improve clinical outcomes.
Author	Ozemek, Cemal Lavie, Carl J. Carbone, Salvatore Del Buono, Marco Giuseppe
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Salvatore surname: Carbone fullname: Carbone, Salvatore email: salvatore.carbone@vcuhealth.org organization: Department of Kinesiology & Health Sciences, College of Humanities & Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America – sequence: 2 givenname: Marco Giuseppe surname: Del Buono fullname: Del Buono, Marco Giuseppe organization: Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy – sequence: 3 givenname: Cemal surname: Ozemek fullname: Ozemek, Cemal organization: Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America – sequence: 4 givenname: Carl J. surname: Lavie fullname: Lavie, Carl J. organization: Department of Cardiovascular Disease, John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School, the University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
BackLink	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31442513$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
BookMark	eNqFks1u1DAURi1URKeFF2CBsmRBwrWdOA5CSKgqP1KlLoC15dg31NOMHWxPRd6-SafdVKKsLFnf-Szfc0_IkQ8eCXlNoaJAxfttNRltKwa0q0BWAPUzsqENZ6UUNT8iGwDOSxAMjslJSlsA2kDbviDHnNY1ayjfkKvLHpPL87siunRdhKGwTveYMRXa2yKGEdfL6WpOzuix0Ca7m7s8_sVoXMIiR-2887_vAKOjdSFimlzUOcS5GFz2mNJL8nzQY8JX9-cp-fXl_OfZt_Li8uv3s88XpakFy6XpQKJB3sm2r5uu1zCI1g6NrXvOO4pcWDNoQQ3VumYARgo71Fw0rR645IKfkreH3imGP3tMWe1cMjiO2mPYJ8WYbBvaMNkt0Tf30X2_Q6um6HY6zuphOktAHgImhpQiDsq4rLMLfv3zqCioVYTaqlWEWkUokGoRsaDsEfrQ_iT08QDhMqAbh1El49AbtC6iycoG9zT-6RFuxsXMou0aZ0zbsI9-Gb2iKjEF6se6Hut20I4DhRaWgg__Lvjf67fB-Mqm
CitedBy_id	crossref_primary_10_1016_j_pcad_2020_04_003 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_metabol_2022_155137 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41366_024_01669_2 crossref_primary_10_3390_life13081742 crossref_primary_10_1186_s13098_023_01112_y crossref_primary_10_1016_j_obmed_2022_100449 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jbc_2022_101768 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu16203529 crossref_primary_10_3961_jpmph_24_325 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cdnut_2025_107548 crossref_primary_10_3389_fpsyg_2025_1515859 crossref_primary_10_1186_s11556_023_00313_8 crossref_primary_10_1093_pubmed_fdad163 crossref_primary_10_2196_68462 crossref_primary_10_23736_S0022_4707_20_10498_5 crossref_primary_10_1093_ageing_afaf180 crossref_primary_10_1093_aje_kwab294 crossref_primary_10_3389_fphys_2022_965366 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12893_024_02512_1 crossref_primary_10_3390_jcm12237311 crossref_primary_10_4103_ATMR_ATMR_20_24 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_pcad_2021_06_009 crossref_primary_10_3390_healthcare11142105 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2024_1412621 crossref_primary_10_1007_s13679_021_00461_x crossref_primary_10_1016_j_nut_2025_112892 crossref_primary_10_1097_MD9_0000000000000364 crossref_primary_10_1113_JP285697 crossref_primary_10_1177_03000605251325170 crossref_primary_10_2337_dsi22_0019 crossref_primary_10_3389_fnut_2021_733697 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11695_022_06382_5 crossref_primary_10_1002_dmrr_3365 crossref_primary_10_1152_japplphysiol_00350_2023 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12302_024_00935_4 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu17030441 crossref_primary_10_1152_ajpcell_00144_2024 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_freeradbiomed_2024_01_036 crossref_primary_10_1155_2020_2583257 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12889_024_18899_8 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12877_022_03672_6 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11245_025_10193_5 crossref_primary_10_3389_fendo_2024_1343002 crossref_primary_10_3389_fneur_2024_1365860 crossref_primary_10_1177_10519815241300412 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu14020319 crossref_primary_10_1002_mco2_438 crossref_primary_10_1002_oby_22864 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms25074055 crossref_primary_10_2147_DMSO_S492626 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijerph191811431 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_prostaglandins_2024_106874 crossref_primary_10_1155_2021_6616693 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12889_025_22875_1 crossref_primary_10_3892_ijmm_2025_5587 crossref_primary_10_3390_jcm11175091 crossref_primary_10_3390_biology11121745 crossref_primary_10_1111_phn_12958 crossref_primary_10_1093_ehjqcco_qcad063 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12986_024_00860_6 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu15112628 crossref_primary_10_3390_healthcare10030573 crossref_primary_10_1080_14756366_2023_2166937 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jnutbio_2023_109372 crossref_primary_10_1111_dom_15568 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_abb_2021_108951 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_024_60876_z crossref_primary_10_3390_jpm14030292 crossref_primary_10_3389_fendo_2025_1499051 crossref_primary_10_3390_antiox13010107 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms241914991 crossref_primary_10_3390_metabo14080433 crossref_primary_10_2337_dc21_2299 crossref_primary_10_1002_mnfr_70138 crossref_primary_10_1177_26350106211015889 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40200_021_00759_6 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10741_024_10479_7 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11356_023_28924_9 crossref_primary_10_1177_20406223231161516 crossref_primary_10_4239_wjd_v14_i8_1249 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_physbeh_2024_114524 crossref_primary_10_3390_jcm11185436 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_abd_2020_06_008 crossref_primary_10_3389_fpubh_2023_1212396 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_diabres_2025_112196 crossref_primary_10_1093_jpp_rgac027 crossref_primary_10_2147_DMSO_S279329 crossref_primary_10_1186_s13002_024_00713_9 crossref_primary_10_1111_1753_0407_70043 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_025_90281_z crossref_primary_10_3390_nu13072156 crossref_primary_10_2147_DMSO_S432344 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_brainresbull_2024_111130 crossref_primary_10_3389_fendo_2023_1294362 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00421_025_05957_1 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11332_022_01028_6 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_puhe_2025_105776 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_numecd_2020_08_024 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijerph20064741 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_pcad_2020_07_008 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_dsx_2024_103159 crossref_primary_10_1210_clinem_dgac695 crossref_primary_10_1080_0092623X_2023_2215258 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0265645 crossref_primary_10_3390_children9081131 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12944_023_01784_5 crossref_primary_10_3389_frhs_2025_1469501 crossref_primary_10_2337_dc24_0654 crossref_primary_10_1002_jpen_70013 crossref_primary_10_15446_rsap_v24n3_100418 crossref_primary_10_1055_a_2156_7142 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_pcad_2021_12_001 crossref_primary_10_2478_amma_2023_0047 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jad_2024_05_030 crossref_primary_10_1177_18758894251316073 crossref_primary_10_1210_endocr_bqaf040 crossref_primary_10_1111_phn_13295 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijerph19159428 crossref_primary_10_1002_iid3_1036 crossref_primary_10_1080_09593985_2023_2225717 crossref_primary_10_1186_s40798_021_00343_5 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10719_023_10144_5 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12931_023_02610_3 crossref_primary_10_2147_DMSO_S350347 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_metabol_2024_155787 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_amjms_2023_04_020 crossref_primary_10_1002_pnp_830 crossref_primary_10_1177_10105395241260970 crossref_primary_10_1039_D1FO04273D crossref_primary_10_1016_j_foodres_2023_112520 crossref_primary_10_1080_0886022X_2025_2479177 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10865_024_00492_4 crossref_primary_10_1080_07853890_2020_1815078 crossref_primary_10_3390_molecules27061838 crossref_primary_10_3390_su15032376 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_pcad_2024_02_006 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11695_024_07333_y crossref_primary_10_3389_fendo_2025_1499381 crossref_primary_10_3390_app13063875 crossref_primary_10_3390_ph12040152 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu13051708 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_brainres_2024_148884 crossref_primary_10_1002_fsn3_3493 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijerph20042816 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijerph20010556 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jacc_2021_07_042 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_024_57309_2 crossref_primary_10_1177_10105395241275223 crossref_primary_10_3389_fcvm_2023_1111721 crossref_primary_10_3389_fendo_2020_558271 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cegh_2025_102040 crossref_primary_10_1136_bmjsem_2023_001626 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41366_023_01368_4 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jlr_2023_100449 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijerph181910251 crossref_primary_10_3389_fpubh_2025_1550741 crossref_primary_10_3390_foods12142702 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_pcad_2021_01_002 crossref_primary_10_1097_GME_0000000000001586 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11892_023_01526_y crossref_primary_10_1186_s40798_024_00776_8 crossref_primary_10_1249_JSR_0000000000000866 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_psychsport_2022_102321 crossref_primary_10_1155_2022_6787984 crossref_primary_10_7189_jogh_13_04041 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ancard_2023_02_003 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ancard_2023_02_001 crossref_primary_10_3390_cells11233735 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_pcad_2019_11_007 crossref_primary_10_5812_zjrms_108209 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_lfs_2022_121357 crossref_primary_10_3390_medicina61030399 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chemphyslip_2022_105225 crossref_primary_10_1002_fsn3_3081 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10653_021_01194_5 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_pcad_2021_07_012 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chmed_2025_02_003 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jksuci_2023_101905 crossref_primary_10_1097_JOM_0000000000002530 crossref_primary_10_3390_life11080799 crossref_primary_10_1080_02640414_2022_2086658 crossref_primary_10_2196_41877 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijerph18041699 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_pcad_2020_01_001 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12013_023_01164_x crossref_primary_10_1016_j_csbj_2023_10_034 crossref_primary_10_20960_nh_03461 crossref_primary_10_1093_ehjqcco_qcab032 crossref_primary_10_3389_fcvm_2022_907385 crossref_primary_10_1080_10749357_2023_2291898 crossref_primary_10_1093_eurpub_ckaf029 crossref_primary_10_1123_jpah_2020_0648 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scispo_2023_11_003 crossref_primary_10_1111_dom_15053 crossref_primary_10_1111_sms_14287 crossref_primary_10_54022_shsv6n3_031 crossref_primary_10_3389_fpubh_2022_1018866 crossref_primary_10_1097_MD_0000000000031861 crossref_primary_10_1155_jdr_7466757 crossref_primary_10_1097_CM9_0000000000002830 crossref_primary_10_3389_fendo_2024_1501690 crossref_primary_10_3389_fcdhc_2025_1606330 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jpsychires_2025_01_044 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_024_74948_7 crossref_primary_10_1080_13813455_2025_2507306 crossref_primary_10_23736_S0022_4707_20_11188_5 crossref_primary_10_3390_jcm14020458 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_fbio_2023_103540 crossref_primary_10_3390_ph13110404 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ypmed_2025_108312 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijerph21010079 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_smhs_2025_02_004 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11695_021_05782_3 crossref_primary_10_7759_cureus_46603 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms22042005 crossref_primary_10_1080_10852352_2025_2480455 crossref_primary_10_1055_a_1562_6014 crossref_primary_10_3389_fphar_2021_641829 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_pcad_2020_11_003
Cites_doi	10.1136/bmj.l4067 10.1152/physrev.00033.2011 10.1016/j.clim.2005.07.008 10.2337/dc16-1728 10.1136/bjsm.2009.066209 10.1177/2047487312462823 10.1056/NEJMoa0810780 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.06.136 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2011.10.003 10.1083/jcb.201409063 10.1016/j.ahj.2017.08.022 10.1378/chest.127.6.2197 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.08.2141 10.1016/S2213-8587(17)30307-8 10.1056/NEJMoa012512 10.2188/jea.JE20170017 10.1001/jama.286.3.327 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.038422 10.1002/oby.21381 10.1016/S0735-1097(00)00985-2 10.1126/science.1079857 10.1002/dmrr.3042 10.1001/jama.2010.1710 10.1056/NEJM199907223410406 10.2337/diabetes.53.3.693 10.1016/j.mayocp.2018.07.018 10.1002/oby.22078 10.1016/S2213-8587(15)00009-1 10.1016/j.diabres.2014.04.006 10.2337/dc07-1870 10.1056/NEJMra1514009 10.1530/EJE-07-0206 10.1007/s00125-006-0554-3 10.1016/j.pcad.2018.06.004 10.1056/NEJMoa1707914 10.1093/aje/kwh167 10.1016/j.pcad.2018.07.002 10.1007/s00125-018-4719-7 10.1001/jama.2009.1912 10.1016/j.pcad.2013.10.016 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000461 10.1093/ajcn/81.3.555 10.1038/oby.2007.528 10.1001/jama.1995.03520380029031 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.08.1037 10.1056/NEJMoa1212914 10.1038/nm.2279 10.2337/dc18-2634 10.2337/dc19-S003 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.118.312669 10.1042/CS20160136 10.1001/archinte.1996.00440110073010 10.3390/nu10101385 10.2337/dc06-0560 10.1001/jama.2019.0922 10.2337/dc06-2487 10.1172/JCI77812 10.1016/j.cmet.2014.12.009 10.2337/dc06-0057 10.2217/fca-2017-0023 10.1016/j.mayocp.2018.08.037 10.1038/nutd.2017.1 10.1056/NEJMe0900466 10.1016/S2213-8587(15)00419-2 10.1016/j.pcad.2018.11.005 10.1002/dmr.5610010301 10.2337/diabetes.54.6.1640 10.1007/s00125-003-1160-2 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2013.08.009 10.2337/dc11-2407 10.1038/nrdp.2015.19 10.1111/joim.12890 10.1007/s00125-019-4867-4 10.1038/nm.3361 10.2337/diabetes.52.3.812 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.03.002 10.1001/jama.2018.3060 10.2337/diacare.17.9.961 10.1371/journal.pone.0019657 10.2337/db15-0004 10.1371/journal.pone.0056620 10.1111/obr.12255 10.1161/01.ATV.0000163843.70369.12 10.7326/M13-1725 10.1002/syn.21617 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2012.01033.x 10.1038/35055575 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.01.072 10.1097/FJC.0000000000000628 10.2337/dc12-0712 10.1016/S0168-8227(01)00368-0 10.1016/j.amjmed.2017.04.042 10.1001/jama.2016.7491
ContentType	Journal Article
Copyright	2019 Elsevier Inc. Elsevier Inc. Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Copyright_xml	– notice: 2019 Elsevier Inc. – notice: Elsevier Inc. – notice: Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
DBID	AAYXX CITATION CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM 7X8
DOI	10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004
DatabaseName	CrossRef Medline MEDLINE MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE MEDLINE PubMed MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitle	CrossRef MEDLINE Medline Complete MEDLINE with Full Text PubMed MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList	MEDLINE MEDLINE - Academic
Database_xml	– sequence: 1 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 2 dbid: 7X8 name: MEDLINE - Academic url: https://search.proquest.com/medline sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod	fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline	Medicine
EISSN	1532-8643 1873-1740
EndPage	333
ExternalDocumentID	31442513 10_1016_j_pcad_2019_08_004 S0033062019301070 1_s2_0_S0033062019301070
Genre	Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Journal Article Review
GroupedDBID	--- --K --M .1- .55 .FO .GJ .~1 0R~ 123 1B1 1P~ 1RT 1~. 1~5 3O- 4.4 457 4G. 53G 5RE 5VS 7-5 71M 8P~ 9JM AAEDT AAEDW AAIKJ AAKOC AALRI AAOAW AAQFI AAQQT AAQXK AATTM AAWTL AAXKI AAXUO AAYWO ABBQC ABFRF ABJNI ABLJU ABMAC ABMZM ABWVN ABXDB ACDAQ ACGFO ACGFS ACIEU ACLOT ACRLP ACRPL ACVFH ADBBV ADCNI ADEZE ADMUD ADNMO AEBSH AEFWE AEIPS AEKER AENEX AEUPX AEVXI AFJKZ AFPUW AFRHN AFTJW AFXIZ AGHFR AGQPQ AGUBO AGYEJ AHHHB AIEXJ AIGII AIIUN AIKHN AITUG AJRQY AJUYK AKBMS AKRWK AKYEP ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AMRAJ ANKPU ANZVX APXCP ASPBG AVWKF AXJTR AZFZN BKOJK BLXMC BNPGV CS3 DU5 EBS EFJIC EFKBS EFLBG EJD EO8 EO9 EP2 EP3 F5P FDB FEDTE FGOYB FIRID FNPLU FYGXN G-2 G-Q GBLVA HEB HMK HMO HVGLF HZ~ IHE J1W J5H K-O KOM L7B M29 M41 MO0 N4W N9A O-L O9- OAUVE OA~ OL0 OZT P-8 P-9 P2P PC. Q38 R2- ROL RPZ SAE SDF SDG SDP SEL SES SEW SPCBC SSH SSZ T5K UGJ UNMZH WUQ X7M Z5R ZGI ZXP ~G- ~HD AACTN AFCTW AFKWA AJOXV AMFUW PKN RIG AAIAV ABLVK ABYKQ AHPSJ AJBFU LCYCR 9DU AAYXX CITATION CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM 7X8
ID	FETCH-LOGICAL-c462t-c908ece3987b459ba0f67df5d4b3391e36dcfa61c1aa4200c86df43657af38363
ISICitedReferencesCount	237
ISICitedReferencesURI	http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000498332300006&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN	0033-0620 1873-1740
IngestDate	Fri Jul 11 12:31:46 EDT 2025 Thu Jan 02 22:59:51 EST 2025 Sat Nov 29 07:28:55 EST 2025 Tue Nov 18 22:00:54 EST 2025 Fri Feb 23 02:27:22 EST 2024 Tue Feb 25 20:10:20 EST 2025 Tue Oct 14 19:24:52 EDT 2025
IsPeerReviewed	true
IsScholarly	true
Issue	4
Keywords	FFA T2DM Physical activity DPP FM WC SB VO2 NLRP3 Sedentary behaviors Exercise training HbA1c BMI Obesity IL ET CVD PA CV CRF Cardiorespiratory fitness Diabetes GLUT4 MET ADA free-fatty acids fat mass cardiorespiratory fitness oxygen consumption type 2 diabetes mellitus interleukin sedentary behavior glucose-transporter type 4 cardiovascular disease VO 2 waist circumference body mass index cardiovascular metabolic equivalent of tasks physical activity Nod-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein Diabetes Prevention Program glycated hemoglobin exercise training American Diabetes Association
Language	English
License	Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
LinkModel	OpenURL
MergedId	FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c462t-c908ece3987b459ba0f67df5d4b3391e36dcfa61c1aa4200c86df43657af38363
Notes	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 ObjectType-Review-3 content type line 23
PMID	31442513
PQID	2287515289
PQPubID	23479
PageCount	7
ParticipantIDs	proquest_miscellaneous_2287515289 pubmed_primary_31442513 crossref_citationtrail_10_1016_j_pcad_2019_08_004 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_pcad_2019_08_004 elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_pcad_2019_08_004 elsevier_clinicalkeyesjournals_1_s2_0_S0033062019301070 elsevier_clinicalkey_doi_10_1016_j_pcad_2019_08_004
PublicationCentury	2000
PublicationDate	2019-07-01
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD	2019-07-01
PublicationDate_xml	– month: 07 year: 2019 text: 2019-07-01 day: 01
PublicationDecade	2010
PublicationPlace	United States
PublicationPlace_xml	– name: United States
PublicationTitle	Progress in cardiovascular diseases
PublicationTitleAlternate	Prog Cardiovasc Dis
PublicationYear	2019
Publisher	Elsevier Inc
Publisher_xml	– name: Elsevier Inc
References	Del Buono, Arena, Borlaug (bb0390) 2019; 73 Wang, Lee, Brellenthin (bb0380) 2019; 94 Kahn, Cushman (bb0210) 1985; 1 2018;26:291–298. Chobot, Gorowska-Kowolik, Sokolowska, Jarosz-Chobot (bb0165) 2018; 34 Hales, Fryar, Carroll, Freedman, Ogden (bb0010) 2018; 319 2016;134:e653-e699. Koh-Banerjee, Wang, Hu, Spiegelman, Willett, Rimm (bb0025) 2004; 159 Piche, Poirier, Lemieux, Despres (bb0175) 2018; 61 Ozemek, Laddu, Lavie (bb0350) 2018; 61 Fletcher, Landolfo, Niebauer, Ozemek, Arena, Lavie (bb0055) 2018; 72 Billingsley, Carbone, Lavie (bb0335) 2018; 10 Lynch, Helmrich, Lakka (bb0340) 1996; 156 Shai, Jiang, Manson (bb0215) 2006; 29 Vandanmagsar, Youm, Ravussin (bb0265) 2011; 17 Hu, Meigs, Li, Rifai, Manson (bb0255) 2004; 53 Katan, Ludwig (bb0080) 2019; 303 Sui, Hooker, Lee (bb0400) 2008; 31 Rehm, Penalvo, Afshin, Mozaffarian (bb0090) 2016; 315 Leibel, Seeley, Darsow, Berg, Smith, Ratner (bb0115) 2015; 64 Ruiz, Martinez-Tellez, Sanchez-Delgado, Osuna-Prieto, Rensen, Boon (bb0160) 2018; 61 Boule, Kenny, Haddad, Wells, Sigal (bb0470) 2003; 46 Carbone, Dixon, Buckley, Abbate (bb0310) 2018; 93 Bonaventura, Carbone, Dixon, Abbate, Montecucco (bb0315) 2019; 286 Jarvie, Pandey, Ayers (bb0040) 2019; 42 Heymsfield, Wadden (bb0105) 2017; 376 Pigeyre, Yazdi, Kaur, Meyre (bb0060) 2016; 130 Association AD (bb0320) 2019; 42 Ridker, Everett, Thuren (bb0270) 2017; 377 Mirbolooki, Constantinescu, Pan, Mukherjee (bb0155) 2013; 67 2011;6:e19657. Abel, Peroni, Kim (bb0190) 2001; 409 Ochner, Tsai, Kushner, Wadden (bb0120) 2015; 3 Brandkvist, Bjorngaard, Odegard, Asvold, Sund, Vie (bb0065) 2019; 366 Chan, Rimm, Colditz, Stampfer, Willett (bb0030) 1994; 17 Bruun, Stallknecht, Helge, Richelsen (bb0280) 2007; 157 Ross R, Blair SN, Arena R, Church TS, Despres JP, Franklin BA, Haskell WL, Kaminsky LA, Levine BD, Lavie CJ, Myers J, Niebauer J, Sallis R, Sawada SS, Sui X, Wisloff U, American Heart Association Physical Activity Committee of the Council on L, Cardiometabolic H, Council on Clinical C, Council on E, Prevention, Council on C, Stroke N, Council on Functional G, Translational B and Stroke C. Importance of Assessing Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Clinical Practice: A Case for Fitness as a Clinical Vital Sign: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Katzmarzyk, Craig, Gauvin (bb0345) 2007; 50 Church, Blair, Cocreham (bb0480) 2010; 304 Church TS, Thomas DM, Tudor-Locke C, Katzmarzyk PT, Earnest CP, Rodarte RQ, Martin CK, Blair SN and Bouchard C. Trends over 5 decades in U.S. occupation-related physical activity and their associations with obesity. DeFronzo, Ferrannini, Groop (bb0220) 2015; 1 MacLean, Higgins, Giles, Sherk, Jackman (bb0110) 2015; 16 Everett, Donath, Pradhan (bb0235) 2018; 71 Carbone, Lee, Mauro (bb0295) 2017; 7 Kokkinos, Faselis, Narayan (bb0375) 2017; 130 Muller, Lagerpusch, Enderle, Schautz, Heller, Bosy-Westphal (bb0185) 2012; 13 Archer, Shook, Thomas (bb0100) 2013; 8 Maiorana, O'Driscoll, Goodman, Taylor, Green (bb0475) 2002; 56 World Health O (bb0005) 2016 Ribisl, Lang, Jaramillo (bb0430) 2007; 30 Gallagher, Franklin, Ehrman (bb0035) 2005; 127 Bray, Loos, McCaffery (bb0070) 2016; 24 Wang, Rimm, Stampfer, Willett, Hu (bb0225) 2005; 81 Kawakami, Sawada, Lee (bb0385) 2018; 28 Spranger, Kroke, Mohlig (bb0260) 2003; 52 Pradhan, Manson, Rifai, Buring, Ridker (bb0250) 2001; 286 Blair, Kohl, Barlow, Paffenbarger, Gibbons, Macera (bb0355) 1995; 273 Carbone, Billingsley, Rodriguez-Miguelez (bb0415) 2019 Mirbolooki, Upadhyay, Constantinescu, Pan, Mukherjee (bb0150) 2014; 41 Balducci, D'Errico, Haxhi (bb0465) 2019; 321 Lee, Sui, Artero (bb0360) 2011; 124 van der Velde, Schaper, Stehouwer (bb0045) 2018; 61 Colberg, Sigal, Yardley (bb0455) 2016; 39 Harms, Seale (bb0130) 2013; 19 Hamman, Wing, Edelstein (bb0245) 2006; 29 Carbone, Mauro, Prestamburgo (bb0305) 2018; 72 Committee PAGA (bb0460) 2018; 2018 Osman, Mehra, Lavie, Nunez, Milani (bb0410) 2000; 36 Wu JHY, Marklund M, Imamura F, Tintle N, Ardisson Korat AV, de Goede J, Zhou X, Yang WS, de Oliveira Otto MC, Kroger J, Qureshi W, Virtanen JK, Bassett JK, Frazier-Wood AC, Lankinen M, Murphy RA, Rajaobelina K, Del Gobbo LC, Forouhi NG, Luben R, Khaw KT, Wareham N, Kalsbeek A, Veenstra J, Luo J, Hu FB, Lin HJ, Siscovick DS, Boeing H, Chen TA, Steffen B, Steffen LM, Hodge A, Eriksdottir G, Smith AV, Gudnason V, Harris TB, Brouwer IA, Berr C, Helmer C, Samieri C, Laakso M, Tsai MY, Giles GG, Nurmi T, Wagenknecht L, Schulze MB, Lemaitre RN, Chien KL, Soedamah-Muthu SS, Geleijnse JM, Sun Q, Harris WS, Lind L, Arnlov J, Riserus U, Micha R and Mozaffarian D. Omega-6 fatty acid biomarkers and incident type 2 diabetes: pooled analysis of individual-level data for 39 740 adults from 20 prospective cohort studies. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2017;5:965–974. Carbone, Popovic, Lavie, Arena (bb0420) 2017; 13 Bastien, Poirier, Lemieux, Despres (bb0170) 2014; 56 Cawley, Meyerhoefer (bb0020) 2012; 31 Kokkinos, Myers, Faselis, Doumas, Kheirbek, Nylen (bb0450) 2012; 35 Cypess, Weiner, Roberts-Toler (bb0145) 2015; 21 Popkin, Hawkes (bb0075) 2016; 4 Tarp, Stole, Blond, Grontved (bb0405) 2019; 62 Jakicic, Egan, Fabricatore (bb0435) 2013; 36 Lavie, Ozemek, Carbone, Katzmarzyk, Blair (bb0050) 2019; 124 Knowler (bb0240) 2002; 346 Lee, Sui, Ortega (bb0370) 2011; 45 Konigstein K, Klenk C, Rossmeissl A, Baumann S, Infanger D, Hafner B, Hinrichs T, Hanssen H and Schmidt-Trucksass A. The obesity factor: how cardiorespiratory fitness is estimated more accurately in people with obesity. Cypess, Lehman, Williams (bb0135) 2009; 360 Rutkowski, Stern, Scherer (bb0125) 2015; 208 Gibbs, Brancati, Chen (bb0445) 2014; 21 Lavie, Laddu, Arena, Ortega, Alpert, Kushner (bb0015) 2018; 72 Fischer, Perstrup, Berntsen, Eskildsen, Pedersen (bb0285) 2005; 117 Leick, Lindegaard, Stensvold, Plomgaard, Saltin, Pilegaard (bb0275) 2007; 15 Salas-Salvado, Bullo, Estruch (bb0325) 2014; 160 2013;369:145–54. Celi (bb0140) 2009; 360 Hung, McQuillan, Chapman, Thompson, Beilby (bb0290) 2005; 25 Hill, Wyatt, Reed, Peters (bb0085) 2003; 299 Davidson, Vainshelboim, Kokkinos, Myers, Ross (bb0365) 2018; 196 Carbone, Mauro, Mezzaroma (bb0300) 2015; 198 Tchernof, Despres (bb0180) 2013; 93 Shepherd, Kahn (bb0195) 1999; 341 Esser, Legrand-Poels, Piette, Scheen, Paquot (bb0230) 2014; 105 Samuel, Shulman (bb0205) 2016; 126 Belfort, Mandarino, Kashyap (bb0200) 2005; 54 Look ARG, Wing RR, Bolin P, Brancati FL, Bray GA, Clark JM, Coday M, Crow RS, Curtis JM, Egan CM, Espeland MA, Evans M, Foreyt JP, Ghazarian S, Gregg EW, Harrison B, Hazuda HP, Hill JO, Horton ES, Hubbard VS, Jakicic JM, Jeffery RW, Johnson KC, Kahn SE, Kitabchi AE, Knowler WC, Lewis CE, Maschak-Carey BJ, Montez MG, Murillo A, Nathan DM, Patricio J, Peters A, Pi-Sunyer X, Pownall H, Reboussin D, Regensteiner JG, Rickman AD, Ryan DH, Safford M, Wadden TA, Wagenknecht LE, West DS, Williamson DF and Yanovski SZ. Cardiovascular effects of intensive lifestyle intervention in type 2 diabetes. Chobot (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0165) 2018; 34 Carbone (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0295) 2017; 7 Balducci (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0465) 2019; 321 Blair (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0355) 1995; 273 Kokkinos (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0450) 2012; 35 Bastien (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0170) 2014; 56 Salas-Salvado (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0325) 2014; 160 Lee (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0370) 2011; 45 Pigeyre (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0060) 2016; 130 Ruiz (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0160) 2018; 61 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0395 Tarp (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0405) 2019; 62 Hales (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0010) 2018; 319 Del Buono (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0390) 2019; 73 van der Velde (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0045) 2018; 61 Lee (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0360) 2011; 124 Piche (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0175) 2018; 61 Everett (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0235) 2018; 71 Gibbs (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0445) 2014; 21 Davidson (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0365) 2018; 196 Abel (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0190) 2001; 409 Gallagher (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0035) 2005; 127 Belfort (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0200) 2005; 54 Cypess (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0145) 2015; 21 Katzmarzyk (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0345) 2007; 50 Wang (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0380) 2019; 94 Hu (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0255) 2004; 53 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0425 Cawley (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0020) 2012; 31 Spranger (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0260) 2003; 52 Rehm (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0090) 2016; 315 Carbone (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0415) 2019 Lynch (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0340) 1996; 156 Rutkowski (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0125) 2015; 208 Leick (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0275) 2007; 15 Heymsfield (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0105) 2017; 376 Mirbolooki (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0150) 2014; 41 Koh-Banerjee (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0025) 2004; 159 Chan (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0030) 1994; 17 Katan (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0080) 2019; 303 Mirbolooki (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0155) 2013; 67 Shepherd (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0195) 1999; 341 Hamman (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0245) 2006; 29 Ridker (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0270) 2017; 377 Boule (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0470) 2003; 46 Lavie (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0015) 2018; 72 Esser (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0230) 2014; 105 Association AD (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0320) 2019; 42 Jakicic (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0435) 2013; 36 Bonaventura (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0315) 2019; 286 Ribisl (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0430) 2007; 30 Billingsley (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0335) 2018; 10 Kahn (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0210) 1985; 1 Brandkvist (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0065) 2019; 366 Samuel (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0205) 2016; 126 Shai (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0215) 2006; 29 Kawakami (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0385) 2018; 28 Bray (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0070) 2016; 24 Muller (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0185) 2012; 13 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0330 Carbone (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0300) 2015; 198 Carbone (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0420) 2017; 13 Ochner (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0120) 2015; 3 Knowler (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0240) 2002; 346 Hill (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0085) 2003; 299 Fletcher (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0055) 2018; 72 Tchernof (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0180) 2013; 93 Colberg (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0455) 2016; 39 Wang (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0225) 2005; 81 Osman (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0410) 2000; 36 Popkin (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0075) 2016; 4 Lavie (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0050) 2019; 124 DeFronzo (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0220) 2015; 1 Fischer (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0285) 2005; 117 Leibel (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0115) 2015; 64 Pradhan (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0250) 2001; 286 Vandanmagsar (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0265) 2011; 17 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0440 Carbone (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0305) 2018; 72 Ozemek (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0350) 2018; 61 Maiorana (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0475) 2002; 56 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0095 Jarvie (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0040) 2019; 42 Cypess (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0135) 2009; 360 Celi (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0140) 2009; 360 Kokkinos (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0375) 2017; 130 Committee PAGA (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0460) 2018; 2018 Harms (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0130) 2013; 19 MacLean (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0110) 2015; 16 Carbone (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0310) 2018; 93 Sui (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0400) 2008; 31 Hung (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0290) 2005; 25 Archer (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0100) 2013; 8 World Health O (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0005) 2016 Bruun (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0280) 2007; 157 Church (10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0480) 2010; 304
References_xml	– volume: 42 start-page: 1333 year: 2019 end-page: 1339 ident: bb0040 article-title: Aerobic fitness and adherence to guideline-recommended minimum physical activity among ambulatory patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus publication-title: Diabetes Care – volume: 56 start-page: 369 year: 2014 end-page: 381 ident: bb0170 article-title: Overview of epidemiology and contribution of obesity to cardiovascular disease publication-title: Prog Cardiovasc Dis – volume: 7 year: 2017 ident: bb0295 article-title: Interleukin-18 mediates cardiac dysfunction induced by western diet independent of obesity and hyperglycemia in the mouse publication-title: Nutr Diabetes – volume: 93 start-page: 359 year: 2013 end-page: 404 ident: bb0180 article-title: Pathophysiology of human visceral obesity: an update publication-title: Physiol Rev – volume: 8 year: 2013 ident: bb0100 article-title: 45-year trends in women's use of time and household management energy expenditure publication-title: PLoS One – volume: 67 start-page: 79 year: 2013 end-page: 93 ident: bb0155 article-title: Targeting presynaptic norepinephrine transporter in brown adipose tissue: a novel imaging approach and potential treatment for diabetes and obesity publication-title: Synapse. – reference: Church TS, Thomas DM, Tudor-Locke C, Katzmarzyk PT, Earnest CP, Rodarte RQ, Martin CK, Blair SN and Bouchard C. Trends over 5 decades in U.S. occupation-related physical activity and their associations with obesity. – volume: 29 start-page: 2102 year: 2006 end-page: 2107 ident: bb0245 article-title: Effect of weight loss with lifestyle intervention on risk of diabetes publication-title: Diabetes Care – volume: 72 start-page: 303 year: 2018 end-page: 307 ident: bb0305 article-title: An orally available NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor prevents western diet-induced cardiac dysfunction in mice publication-title: J Cardiovasc Pharmacol – volume: 105 start-page: 141 year: 2014 end-page: 150 ident: bb0230 article-title: Inflammation as a link between obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes publication-title: Diabetes Res Clin Pract – volume: 71 start-page: 2392 year: 2018 end-page: 2401 ident: bb0235 article-title: Anti-inflammatory therapy with canakinumab for the prevention and management of diabetes publication-title: J Am Coll Cardiol – reference: Wu JHY, Marklund M, Imamura F, Tintle N, Ardisson Korat AV, de Goede J, Zhou X, Yang WS, de Oliveira Otto MC, Kroger J, Qureshi W, Virtanen JK, Bassett JK, Frazier-Wood AC, Lankinen M, Murphy RA, Rajaobelina K, Del Gobbo LC, Forouhi NG, Luben R, Khaw KT, Wareham N, Kalsbeek A, Veenstra J, Luo J, Hu FB, Lin HJ, Siscovick DS, Boeing H, Chen TA, Steffen B, Steffen LM, Hodge A, Eriksdottir G, Smith AV, Gudnason V, Harris TB, Brouwer IA, Berr C, Helmer C, Samieri C, Laakso M, Tsai MY, Giles GG, Nurmi T, Wagenknecht L, Schulze MB, Lemaitre RN, Chien KL, Soedamah-Muthu SS, Geleijnse JM, Sun Q, Harris WS, Lind L, Arnlov J, Riserus U, Micha R and Mozaffarian D. Omega-6 fatty acid biomarkers and incident type 2 diabetes: pooled analysis of individual-level data for 39 740 adults from 20 prospective cohort studies. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2017;5:965–974. – volume: 61 start-page: 103 year: 2018 end-page: 113 ident: bb0175 article-title: Overview of epidemiology and contribution of obesity and body fat distribution to cardiovascular disease: an update publication-title: Prog Cardiovasc Dis – volume: 409 start-page: 729 year: 2001 end-page: 733 ident: bb0190 article-title: Adipose-selective targeting of the GLUT4 gene impairs insulin action in muscle and liver publication-title: Nature. – volume: 2018 start-page: 2018 year: 2018 ident: bb0460 article-title: Physical activity guidelines advisory Committee scientific report publication-title: Washington, DC: US Department of Health and Human Services – volume: 34 year: 2018 ident: bb0165 article-title: Obesity and diabetes-not only a simple link between two epidemics publication-title: Diabetes Metab Res Rev – volume: 159 start-page: 1150 year: 2004 end-page: 1159 ident: bb0025 article-title: Changes in body weight and body fat distribution as risk factors for clinical diabetes in US men publication-title: Am J Epidemiol – volume: 130 start-page: 943 year: 2016 end-page: 986 ident: bb0060 article-title: Recent progress in genetics, epigenetics and metagenomics unveils the pathophysiology of human obesity publication-title: Clin Sci (Lond) – volume: 377 start-page: 1119 year: 2017 end-page: 1131 ident: bb0270 article-title: Antiinflammatory therapy with canakinumab for atherosclerotic disease publication-title: N Engl J Med – volume: 208 start-page: 501 year: 2015 end-page: 512 ident: bb0125 article-title: The cell biology of fat expansion publication-title: J Cell Biol – volume: 117 start-page: 152 year: 2005 end-page: 160 ident: bb0285 article-title: Elevated plasma interleukin-18 is a marker of insulin-resistance in type 2 diabetic and non-diabetic humans publication-title: Clin Immunol – volume: 21 start-page: 608 year: 2014 end-page: 617 ident: bb0445 article-title: Effect of improved fitness beyond weight loss on cardiovascular risk factors in individuals with type 2 diabetes in the look AHEAD study publication-title: Eur J Prev Cardiol – volume: 366 start-page: l4067 year: 2019 ident: bb0065 article-title: Quantifying the impact of genes on body mass index during the obesity epidemic: longitudinal findings from the HUNT study publication-title: Bmj. – volume: 62 start-page: 1129 year: 2019 end-page: 1142 ident: bb0405 article-title: Cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength and risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis publication-title: Diabetologia – volume: 198 start-page: 66 year: 2015 end-page: 69 ident: bb0300 article-title: A high-sugar and high-fat diet impairs cardiac systolic and diastolic function in mice publication-title: Int J Cardiol – volume: 93 start-page: 1629 year: 2018 end-page: 1647 ident: bb0310 article-title: Glucose-lowering therapies for cardiovascular risk reduction in type 2 diabetes mellitus: state-of-the-art review publication-title: Mayo Clin Proc – volume: 126 start-page: 12 year: 2016 end-page: 22 ident: bb0205 article-title: The pathogenesis of insulin resistance: integrating signaling pathways and substrate flux publication-title: J Clin Invest – volume: 124 start-page: 2483 year: 2011 end-page: 2490 ident: bb0360 article-title: Long-term effects of changes in cardiorespiratory fitness and body mass index on all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in men: the aerobics center longitudinal study publication-title: Circulation – reference: . 2016;134:e653-e699. – volume: 196 start-page: 156 year: 2018 end-page: 162 ident: bb0365 article-title: Cardiorespiratory fitness versus physical activity as predictors of all-cause mortality in men publication-title: Am Heart J – volume: 19 start-page: 1252 year: 2013 end-page: 1263 ident: bb0130 article-title: Brown and beige fat: development, function and therapeutic potential publication-title: Nat Med – volume: 24 start-page: 14 year: 2016 end-page: 22 ident: bb0070 article-title: NIH working group report-using genomic information to guide weight management: from universal to precision treatment publication-title: Obesity (Silver Spring) – volume: 16 start-page: 45 year: 2015 end-page: 54 ident: bb0110 article-title: The role for adipose tissue in weight regain after weight loss publication-title: Obes Rev – volume: 28 start-page: 266 year: 2018 end-page: 273 ident: bb0385 article-title: Long-term impact of cardiorespiratory fitness on type 2 diabetes incidence: a cohort study of Japanese men publication-title: J Epidemiol – volume: 341 start-page: 248 year: 1999 end-page: 257 ident: bb0195 article-title: Glucose transporters and insulin action–implications for insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus publication-title: N Engl J Med – volume: 46 start-page: 1071 year: 2003 end-page: 1081 ident: bb0470 article-title: Meta-analysis of the effect of structured exercise training on cardiorespiratory fitness in type 2 diabetes mellitus publication-title: Diabetologia. – volume: 160 start-page: 1 year: 2014 end-page: 10 ident: bb0325 article-title: Prevention of diabetes with Mediterranean diets: a subgroup analysis of a randomized trial publication-title: Ann Intern Med – volume: 72 start-page: 1506 year: 2018 end-page: 1531 ident: bb0015 article-title: Healthy weight and obesity prevention: JACC health promotion series publication-title: J Am Coll Cardiol – reference: . 2013;369:145–54. – volume: 17 start-page: 179 year: 2011 end-page: 188 ident: bb0265 article-title: The NLRP3 inflammasome instigates obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance publication-title: Nat Med – volume: 286 start-page: 327 year: 2001 end-page: 334 ident: bb0250 article-title: C-reactive protein, interleukin 6, and risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus publication-title: Jama – year: 2016 ident: bb0005 article-title: Obesity and overweight fact sheet publication-title: WHO Media centre – volume: 41 start-page: 10 year: 2014 end-page: 16 ident: bb0150 article-title: Adrenergic pathway activation enhances brown adipose tissue metabolism: a [(1)(8)F]FDG PET/CT study in mice publication-title: Nucl Med Biol – volume: 1 start-page: 15019 year: 2015 ident: bb0220 article-title: Type 2 diabetes mellitus publication-title: Nat Rev Dis Primers – volume: 156 start-page: 1307 year: 1996 end-page: 1314 ident: bb0340 article-title: Moderately intense physical activities and high levels of cardiorespiratory fitness reduce the risk of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in middle-aged men publication-title: Arch Intern Med – volume: 56 start-page: 115 year: 2002 end-page: 123 ident: bb0475 article-title: Combined aerobic and resistance exercise improves glycemic control and fitness in type 2 diabetes publication-title: Diabetes Res Clin Pract – volume: 30 start-page: 2679 year: 2007 end-page: 2684 ident: bb0430 article-title: Exercise capacity and cardiovascular/metabolic characteristics of overweight and obese individuals with type 2 diabetes: the look AHEAD clinical trial publication-title: Diabetes Care – volume: 376 start-page: 254 year: 2017 end-page: 266 ident: bb0105 article-title: Mechanisms, pathophysiology, and Management of Obesity publication-title: N Engl J Med – volume: 31 start-page: 550 year: 2008 end-page: 555 ident: bb0400 article-title: A prospective study of cardiorespiratory fitness and risk of type 2 diabetes in women publication-title: Diabetes Care – volume: 17 start-page: 961 year: 1994 end-page: 969 ident: bb0030 article-title: Obesity, fat distribution, and weight gain as risk factors for clinical diabetes in men publication-title: Diabetes Care – volume: 4 start-page: 174 year: 2016 end-page: 186 ident: bb0075 article-title: Sweetening of the global diet, particularly beverages: patterns, trends, and policy responses publication-title: Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol – volume: 13 start-page: 6 year: 2012 end-page: 13 ident: bb0185 article-title: Beyond the body mass index: tracking body composition in the pathogenesis of obesity and the metabolic syndrome publication-title: Obes Rev – volume: 13 year: 2017 ident: bb0420 article-title: Obesity, body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction publication-title: Future Cardiol. – reference: Ross R, Blair SN, Arena R, Church TS, Despres JP, Franklin BA, Haskell WL, Kaminsky LA, Levine BD, Lavie CJ, Myers J, Niebauer J, Sallis R, Sawada SS, Sui X, Wisloff U, American Heart Association Physical Activity Committee of the Council on L, Cardiometabolic H, Council on Clinical C, Council on E, Prevention, Council on C, Stroke N, Council on Functional G, Translational B and Stroke C. Importance of Assessing Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Clinical Practice: A Case for Fitness as a Clinical Vital Sign: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. – reference: . 2011;6:e19657. – volume: 64 start-page: 2299 year: 2015 end-page: 2309 ident: bb0115 article-title: Biologic responses to weight loss and weight regain: report from an American Diabetes Association research symposium publication-title: Diabetes. – volume: 52 start-page: 812 year: 2003 end-page: 817 ident: bb0260 article-title: Inflammatory cytokines and the risk to develop type 2 diabetes: results of the prospective population-based European prospective investigation into Cancer and nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam study publication-title: Diabetes. – volume: 157 start-page: 465 year: 2007 end-page: 471 ident: bb0280 article-title: Interleukin-18 in plasma and adipose tissue: effects of obesity, insulin resistance, and weight loss publication-title: Eur J Endocrinol – reference: . 2018;26:291–298. – volume: 31 start-page: 219 year: 2012 end-page: 230 ident: bb0020 article-title: The medical care costs of obesity: an instrumental variables approach publication-title: J Health Econ – volume: 54 start-page: 1640 year: 2005 end-page: 1648 ident: bb0200 article-title: Dose-response effect of elevated plasma free fatty acid on insulin signaling publication-title: Diabetes. – volume: 130 start-page: 1192 year: 2017 end-page: 1198 ident: bb0375 article-title: Cardiorespiratory fitness and incidence of type 2 diabetes in United States veterans on statin therapy publication-title: Am J Med – volume: 315 start-page: 2542 year: 2016 end-page: 2553 ident: bb0090 article-title: Dietary intake among US adults, 1999-2012 publication-title: Jama. – volume: 61 start-page: 232 year: 2018 end-page: 245 ident: bb0160 article-title: Role of human brown fat in obesity, metabolism and cardiovascular disease: strategies to turn up the heat publication-title: Prog Cardiovasc Dis – volume: 94 start-page: 643 year: 2019 end-page: 651 ident: bb0380 article-title: Association of muscular strength and incidence of type 2 diabetes publication-title: Mayo Clin Proc – volume: 21 start-page: 33 year: 2015 end-page: 38 ident: bb0145 article-title: Activation of human brown adipose tissue by a beta3-adrenergic receptor agonist publication-title: Cell Metab – reference: Konigstein K, Klenk C, Rossmeissl A, Baumann S, Infanger D, Hafner B, Hinrichs T, Hanssen H and Schmidt-Trucksass A. The obesity factor: how cardiorespiratory fitness is estimated more accurately in people with obesity. – volume: 61 start-page: 484 year: 2018 end-page: 490 ident: bb0350 article-title: An update on the role of cardiorespiratory fitness, structured exercise and lifestyle physical activity in preventing cardiovascular disease and health risk publication-title: Prog Cardiovasc Dis – volume: 321 start-page: 880 year: 2019 end-page: 890 ident: bb0465 article-title: Effect of a behavioral intervention strategy on sustained change in physical activity and sedentary behavior in patients with type 2 diabetes: the IDES_2 randomized clinical trial publication-title: Jama. – volume: 36 start-page: 1297 year: 2013 end-page: 1303 ident: bb0435 article-title: Four-year change in cardiorespiratory fitness and influence on glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes in a randomized trial: the look AHEAD trial publication-title: Diabetes Care – volume: 25 start-page: 1268 year: 2005 end-page: 1273 ident: bb0290 article-title: Elevated interleukin-18 levels are associated with the metabolic syndrome independent of obesity and insulin resistance publication-title: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol – volume: 36 start-page: 2126 year: 2000 end-page: 2131 ident: bb0410 article-title: The incremental prognostic importance of body fat adjusted peak oxygen consumption in chronic heart failure publication-title: J Am Coll Cardiol – volume: 50 start-page: 538 year: 2007 end-page: 544 ident: bb0345 article-title: Adiposity, physical fitness and incident diabetes: the physical activity longitudinal study publication-title: Diabetologia – volume: 72 start-page: 1622 year: 2018 end-page: 1639 ident: bb0055 article-title: Promoting physical activity and exercise: JACC health promotion series publication-title: J Am Coll Cardiol – volume: 299 start-page: 853 year: 2003 end-page: 855 ident: bb0085 article-title: Obesity and the environment: where do we go from here? publication-title: Science. – volume: 42 start-page: S29 year: 2019 end-page: s33 ident: bb0320 article-title: 3. Prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes: standards of medical Care in Diabetes-2019 publication-title: Diabetes Care – volume: 39 start-page: 2065 year: 2016 end-page: 2079 ident: bb0455 article-title: Physical activity/exercise and diabetes: a position statement of the American Diabetes Association publication-title: Diabetes Care – volume: 124 start-page: 799 year: 2019 end-page: 815 ident: bb0050 article-title: Sedentary behavior, exercise, and cardiovascular health publication-title: Circ Res – volume: 3 start-page: 232 year: 2015 end-page: 234 ident: bb0120 article-title: Treating obesity seriously: when recommendations for lifestyle change confront biological adaptations publication-title: Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol – volume: 61 start-page: 2561 year: 2018 end-page: 2569 ident: bb0045 article-title: Which is more important for cardiometabolic health: sedentary time, higher intensity physical activity or cardiorespiratory fitness? publication-title: The Maastricht Study – reference: Look ARG, Wing RR, Bolin P, Brancati FL, Bray GA, Clark JM, Coday M, Crow RS, Curtis JM, Egan CM, Espeland MA, Evans M, Foreyt JP, Ghazarian S, Gregg EW, Harrison B, Hazuda HP, Hill JO, Horton ES, Hubbard VS, Jakicic JM, Jeffery RW, Johnson KC, Kahn SE, Kitabchi AE, Knowler WC, Lewis CE, Maschak-Carey BJ, Montez MG, Murillo A, Nathan DM, Patricio J, Peters A, Pi-Sunyer X, Pownall H, Reboussin D, Regensteiner JG, Rickman AD, Ryan DH, Safford M, Wadden TA, Wagenknecht LE, West DS, Williamson DF and Yanovski SZ. Cardiovascular effects of intensive lifestyle intervention in type 2 diabetes. – volume: 1 start-page: 203 year: 1985 end-page: 227 ident: bb0210 article-title: Subcellular translocation of glucose transporters: role in insulin action and its perturbation in altered metabolic states publication-title: Diabetes Metab Rev – volume: 45 start-page: 504 year: 2011 end-page: 510 ident: bb0370 article-title: Comparisons of leisure-time physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness as predictors of all-cause mortality in men and women publication-title: Br J Sports Med – volume: 360 start-page: 1509 year: 2009 end-page: 1517 ident: bb0135 article-title: Identification and importance of brown adipose tissue in adult humans publication-title: N Engl J Med – volume: 15 start-page: 356 year: 2007 end-page: 363 ident: bb0275 article-title: Adipose tissue interleukin-18 mRNA and plasma interleukin-18: effect of obesity and exercise publication-title: Obesity (Silver Spring) – volume: 35 start-page: 1021 year: 2012 end-page: 1027 ident: bb0450 article-title: BMI-mortality paradox and fitness in African American and Caucasian men with type 2 diabetes publication-title: Diabetes Care – volume: 81 start-page: 555 year: 2005 end-page: 563 ident: bb0225 article-title: Comparison of abdominal adiposity and overall obesity in predicting risk of type 2 diabetes among men publication-title: Am J Clin Nutr – volume: 10 start-page: 1385 year: 2018 ident: bb0335 article-title: Dietary fats and chronic noncommunicable diseases publication-title: Nutrients – volume: 360 start-page: 1553 year: 2009 end-page: 1556 ident: bb0140 article-title: Brown adipose tissue--when it pays to be inefficient publication-title: N Engl J Med – year: 2019 ident: bb0415 article-title: Lean mass abnormalities in heart failure: the role of sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity, and cachexia publication-title: Curr Probl Cardiol – volume: 29 start-page: 1585 year: 2006 end-page: 1590 ident: bb0215 article-title: Ethnicity, obesity, and risk of type 2 diabetes in women: a 20-year follow-up study publication-title: Diabetes Care – volume: 286 start-page: 16 year: 2019 end-page: 31 ident: bb0315 article-title: Pharmacologic strategies to reduce cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus: focus on SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists publication-title: J Intern Med – volume: 304 start-page: 2253 year: 2010 end-page: 2262 ident: bb0480 article-title: Effects of aerobic and resistance training on hemoglobin A1c levels in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial publication-title: Jama. – volume: 319 start-page: 1723 year: 2018 end-page: 1725 ident: bb0010 article-title: Trends in obesity and severe obesity prevalence in US youth and adults by sex and age, 2007-2008 to 2015-2016 publication-title: JAMA. – volume: 273 start-page: 1093 year: 1995 end-page: 1098 ident: bb0355 article-title: Changes in physical fitness and all-cause mortality. A prospective study of healthy and unhealthy men publication-title: Jama. – volume: 127 start-page: 2197 year: 2005 end-page: 2203 ident: bb0035 article-title: Comparative impact of morbid obesity vs heart failure on cardiorespiratory fitness publication-title: Chest. – volume: 73 start-page: 2209 year: 2019 end-page: 2225 ident: bb0390 article-title: Exercise intolerance in patients with heart failure: JACC state-of-the-art review publication-title: J Am Coll Cardiol – volume: 303 start-page: 65 year: 2019 end-page: 66 ident: bb0080 article-title: Extra calories cause weight gain—but how much? publication-title: JAMA. – volume: 346 start-page: 393 year: 2002 end-page: 403 ident: bb0240 article-title: Barrett-Connor E, fowler SE, Hamman RF, Lachin JM, Walker EA, Nathan DM and diabetes prevention program research G. reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin publication-title: N Engl J Med – volume: 53 start-page: 693 year: 2004 end-page: 700 ident: bb0255 article-title: Inflammatory markers and risk of developing type 2 diabetes in women publication-title: Diabetes. – volume: 366 start-page: l4067 year: 2019 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0065 article-title: Quantifying the impact of genes on body mass index during the obesity epidemic: longitudinal findings from the HUNT study publication-title: Bmj. doi: 10.1136/bmj.l4067 – volume: 93 start-page: 359 year: 2013 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0180 article-title: Pathophysiology of human visceral obesity: an update publication-title: Physiol Rev doi: 10.1152/physrev.00033.2011 – volume: 117 start-page: 152 year: 2005 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0285 article-title: Elevated plasma interleukin-18 is a marker of insulin-resistance in type 2 diabetic and non-diabetic humans publication-title: Clin Immunol doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2005.07.008 – volume: 39 start-page: 2065 year: 2016 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0455 article-title: Physical activity/exercise and diabetes: a position statement of the American Diabetes Association publication-title: Diabetes Care doi: 10.2337/dc16-1728 – volume: 45 start-page: 504 year: 2011 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0370 article-title: Comparisons of leisure-time physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness as predictors of all-cause mortality in men and women publication-title: Br J Sports Med doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2009.066209 – volume: 21 start-page: 608 year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0445 article-title: Effect of improved fitness beyond weight loss on cardiovascular risk factors in individuals with type 2 diabetes in the look AHEAD study publication-title: Eur J Prev Cardiol doi: 10.1177/2047487312462823 – volume: 360 start-page: 1509 year: 2009 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0135 article-title: Identification and importance of brown adipose tissue in adult humans publication-title: N Engl J Med doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0810780 – volume: 198 start-page: 66 year: 2015 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0300 article-title: A high-sugar and high-fat diet impairs cardiac systolic and diastolic function in mice publication-title: Int J Cardiol doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.06.136 – volume: 31 start-page: 219 year: 2012 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0020 article-title: The medical care costs of obesity: an instrumental variables approach publication-title: J Health Econ doi: 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2011.10.003 – volume: 208 start-page: 501 year: 2015 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0125 article-title: The cell biology of fat expansion publication-title: J Cell Biol doi: 10.1083/jcb.201409063 – volume: 196 start-page: 156 year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0365 article-title: Cardiorespiratory fitness versus physical activity as predictors of all-cause mortality in men publication-title: Am Heart J doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2017.08.022 – volume: 127 start-page: 2197 year: 2005 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0035 article-title: Comparative impact of morbid obesity vs heart failure on cardiorespiratory fitness publication-title: Chest. doi: 10.1378/chest.127.6.2197 – volume: 72 start-page: 1622 year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0055 article-title: Promoting physical activity and exercise: JACC health promotion series publication-title: J Am Coll Cardiol doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.08.2141 – ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0330 doi: 10.1016/S2213-8587(17)30307-8 – volume: 346 start-page: 393 year: 2002 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0240 article-title: Barrett-Connor E, fowler SE, Hamman RF, Lachin JM, Walker EA, Nathan DM and diabetes prevention program research G. reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin publication-title: N Engl J Med doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa012512 – volume: 28 start-page: 266 year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0385 article-title: Long-term impact of cardiorespiratory fitness on type 2 diabetes incidence: a cohort study of Japanese men publication-title: J Epidemiol doi: 10.2188/jea.JE20170017 – volume: 286 start-page: 327 year: 2001 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0250 article-title: C-reactive protein, interleukin 6, and risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus publication-title: Jama doi: 10.1001/jama.286.3.327 – volume: 124 start-page: 2483 year: 2011 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0360 article-title: Long-term effects of changes in cardiorespiratory fitness and body mass index on all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in men: the aerobics center longitudinal study publication-title: Circulation doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.038422 – volume: 24 start-page: 14 year: 2016 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0070 article-title: NIH working group report-using genomic information to guide weight management: from universal to precision treatment publication-title: Obesity (Silver Spring) doi: 10.1002/oby.21381 – volume: 36 start-page: 2126 year: 2000 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0410 article-title: The incremental prognostic importance of body fat adjusted peak oxygen consumption in chronic heart failure publication-title: J Am Coll Cardiol doi: 10.1016/S0735-1097(00)00985-2 – volume: 299 start-page: 853 year: 2003 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0085 article-title: Obesity and the environment: where do we go from here? publication-title: Science. doi: 10.1126/science.1079857 – volume: 34 year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0165 article-title: Obesity and diabetes-not only a simple link between two epidemics publication-title: Diabetes Metab Res Rev doi: 10.1002/dmrr.3042 – volume: 304 start-page: 2253 year: 2010 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0480 article-title: Effects of aerobic and resistance training on hemoglobin A1c levels in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial publication-title: Jama. doi: 10.1001/jama.2010.1710 – volume: 341 start-page: 248 year: 1999 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0195 article-title: Glucose transporters and insulin action–implications for insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus publication-title: N Engl J Med doi: 10.1056/NEJM199907223410406 – volume: 53 start-page: 693 year: 2004 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0255 article-title: Inflammatory markers and risk of developing type 2 diabetes in women publication-title: Diabetes. doi: 10.2337/diabetes.53.3.693 – volume: 93 start-page: 1629 year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0310 article-title: Glucose-lowering therapies for cardiovascular risk reduction in type 2 diabetes mellitus: state-of-the-art review publication-title: Mayo Clin Proc doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2018.07.018 – ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0425 doi: 10.1002/oby.22078 – volume: 3 start-page: 232 year: 2015 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0120 article-title: Treating obesity seriously: when recommendations for lifestyle change confront biological adaptations publication-title: Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol doi: 10.1016/S2213-8587(15)00009-1 – volume: 105 start-page: 141 year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0230 article-title: Inflammation as a link between obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes publication-title: Diabetes Res Clin Pract doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2014.04.006 – volume: 31 start-page: 550 year: 2008 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0400 article-title: A prospective study of cardiorespiratory fitness and risk of type 2 diabetes in women publication-title: Diabetes Care doi: 10.2337/dc07-1870 – volume: 376 start-page: 254 year: 2017 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0105 article-title: Mechanisms, pathophysiology, and Management of Obesity publication-title: N Engl J Med doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1514009 – volume: 157 start-page: 465 year: 2007 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0280 article-title: Interleukin-18 in plasma and adipose tissue: effects of obesity, insulin resistance, and weight loss publication-title: Eur J Endocrinol doi: 10.1530/EJE-07-0206 – volume: 50 start-page: 538 year: 2007 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0345 article-title: Adiposity, physical fitness and incident diabetes: the physical activity longitudinal study publication-title: Diabetologia doi: 10.1007/s00125-006-0554-3 – volume: 61 start-page: 103 year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0175 article-title: Overview of epidemiology and contribution of obesity and body fat distribution to cardiovascular disease: an update publication-title: Prog Cardiovasc Dis doi: 10.1016/j.pcad.2018.06.004 – volume: 377 start-page: 1119 year: 2017 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0270 article-title: Antiinflammatory therapy with canakinumab for atherosclerotic disease publication-title: N Engl J Med doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1707914 – volume: 159 start-page: 1150 year: 2004 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0025 article-title: Changes in body weight and body fat distribution as risk factors for clinical diabetes in US men publication-title: Am J Epidemiol doi: 10.1093/aje/kwh167 – volume: 61 start-page: 232 year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0160 article-title: Role of human brown fat in obesity, metabolism and cardiovascular disease: strategies to turn up the heat publication-title: Prog Cardiovasc Dis doi: 10.1016/j.pcad.2018.07.002 – volume: 61 start-page: 2561 year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0045 article-title: Which is more important for cardiometabolic health: sedentary time, higher intensity physical activity or cardiorespiratory fitness? publication-title: The Maastricht Study Diabetologia doi: 10.1007/s00125-018-4719-7 – volume: 303 start-page: 65 year: 2019 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0080 article-title: Extra calories cause weight gain—but how much? publication-title: JAMA. doi: 10.1001/jama.2009.1912 – volume: 56 start-page: 369 year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0170 article-title: Overview of epidemiology and contribution of obesity to cardiovascular disease publication-title: Prog Cardiovasc Dis doi: 10.1016/j.pcad.2013.10.016 – ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0395 doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000461 – volume: 81 start-page: 555 year: 2005 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0225 article-title: Comparison of abdominal adiposity and overall obesity in predicting risk of type 2 diabetes among men publication-title: Am J Clin Nutr doi: 10.1093/ajcn/81.3.555 – volume: 15 start-page: 356 year: 2007 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0275 article-title: Adipose tissue interleukin-18 mRNA and plasma interleukin-18: effect of obesity and exercise publication-title: Obesity (Silver Spring) doi: 10.1038/oby.2007.528 – volume: 273 start-page: 1093 year: 1995 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0355 article-title: Changes in physical fitness and all-cause mortality. A prospective study of healthy and unhealthy men publication-title: Jama. doi: 10.1001/jama.1995.03520380029031 – volume: 72 start-page: 1506 year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0015 article-title: Healthy weight and obesity prevention: JACC health promotion series publication-title: J Am Coll Cardiol doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.08.1037 – ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0440 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1212914 – volume: 17 start-page: 179 year: 2011 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0265 article-title: The NLRP3 inflammasome instigates obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance publication-title: Nat Med doi: 10.1038/nm.2279 – volume: 42 start-page: 1333 year: 2019 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0040 article-title: Aerobic fitness and adherence to guideline-recommended minimum physical activity among ambulatory patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus publication-title: Diabetes Care doi: 10.2337/dc18-2634 – volume: 42 start-page: S29 year: 2019 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0320 article-title: 3. Prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes: standards of medical Care in Diabetes-2019 publication-title: Diabetes Care doi: 10.2337/dc19-S003 – volume: 124 start-page: 799 year: 2019 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0050 article-title: Sedentary behavior, exercise, and cardiovascular health publication-title: Circ Res doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.118.312669 – volume: 130 start-page: 943 year: 2016 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0060 article-title: Recent progress in genetics, epigenetics and metagenomics unveils the pathophysiology of human obesity publication-title: Clin Sci (Lond) doi: 10.1042/CS20160136 – volume: 156 start-page: 1307 year: 1996 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0340 article-title: Moderately intense physical activities and high levels of cardiorespiratory fitness reduce the risk of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in middle-aged men publication-title: Arch Intern Med doi: 10.1001/archinte.1996.00440110073010 – volume: 2018 start-page: 2018 year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0460 article-title: Physical activity guidelines advisory Committee scientific report publication-title: Washington, DC: US Department of Health and Human Services – volume: 10 start-page: 1385 year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0335 article-title: Dietary fats and chronic noncommunicable diseases publication-title: Nutrients doi: 10.3390/nu10101385 – volume: 29 start-page: 2102 year: 2006 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0245 article-title: Effect of weight loss with lifestyle intervention on risk of diabetes publication-title: Diabetes Care doi: 10.2337/dc06-0560 – volume: 321 start-page: 880 year: 2019 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0465 article-title: Effect of a behavioral intervention strategy on sustained change in physical activity and sedentary behavior in patients with type 2 diabetes: the IDES_2 randomized clinical trial publication-title: Jama. doi: 10.1001/jama.2019.0922 – volume: 30 start-page: 2679 year: 2007 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0430 article-title: Exercise capacity and cardiovascular/metabolic characteristics of overweight and obese individuals with type 2 diabetes: the look AHEAD clinical trial publication-title: Diabetes Care doi: 10.2337/dc06-2487 – volume: 126 start-page: 12 year: 2016 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0205 article-title: The pathogenesis of insulin resistance: integrating signaling pathways and substrate flux publication-title: J Clin Invest doi: 10.1172/JCI77812 – year: 2019 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0415 article-title: Lean mass abnormalities in heart failure: the role of sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity, and cachexia publication-title: Curr Probl Cardiol – volume: 21 start-page: 33 year: 2015 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0145 article-title: Activation of human brown adipose tissue by a beta3-adrenergic receptor agonist publication-title: Cell Metab doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2014.12.009 – volume: 29 start-page: 1585 year: 2006 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0215 article-title: Ethnicity, obesity, and risk of type 2 diabetes in women: a 20-year follow-up study publication-title: Diabetes Care doi: 10.2337/dc06-0057 – volume: 13 year: 2017 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0420 article-title: Obesity, body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction publication-title: Future Cardiol. doi: 10.2217/fca-2017-0023 – volume: 94 start-page: 643 year: 2019 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0380 article-title: Association of muscular strength and incidence of type 2 diabetes publication-title: Mayo Clin Proc doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2018.08.037 – volume: 7 year: 2017 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0295 article-title: Interleukin-18 mediates cardiac dysfunction induced by western diet independent of obesity and hyperglycemia in the mouse publication-title: Nutr Diabetes doi: 10.1038/nutd.2017.1 – volume: 360 start-page: 1553 year: 2009 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0140 article-title: Brown adipose tissue--when it pays to be inefficient publication-title: N Engl J Med doi: 10.1056/NEJMe0900466 – volume: 4 start-page: 174 year: 2016 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0075 article-title: Sweetening of the global diet, particularly beverages: patterns, trends, and policy responses publication-title: Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol doi: 10.1016/S2213-8587(15)00419-2 – volume: 61 start-page: 484 year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0350 article-title: An update on the role of cardiorespiratory fitness, structured exercise and lifestyle physical activity in preventing cardiovascular disease and health risk publication-title: Prog Cardiovasc Dis doi: 10.1016/j.pcad.2018.11.005 – volume: 1 start-page: 203 year: 1985 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0210 article-title: Subcellular translocation of glucose transporters: role in insulin action and its perturbation in altered metabolic states publication-title: Diabetes Metab Rev doi: 10.1002/dmr.5610010301 – volume: 54 start-page: 1640 year: 2005 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0200 article-title: Dose-response effect of elevated plasma free fatty acid on insulin signaling publication-title: Diabetes. doi: 10.2337/diabetes.54.6.1640 – volume: 46 start-page: 1071 year: 2003 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0470 article-title: Meta-analysis of the effect of structured exercise training on cardiorespiratory fitness in type 2 diabetes mellitus publication-title: Diabetologia. doi: 10.1007/s00125-003-1160-2 – volume: 41 start-page: 10 year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0150 article-title: Adrenergic pathway activation enhances brown adipose tissue metabolism: a [(1)(8)F]FDG PET/CT study in mice publication-title: Nucl Med Biol doi: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2013.08.009 – volume: 35 start-page: 1021 year: 2012 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0450 article-title: BMI-mortality paradox and fitness in African American and Caucasian men with type 2 diabetes publication-title: Diabetes Care doi: 10.2337/dc11-2407 – volume: 1 start-page: 15019 year: 2015 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0220 article-title: Type 2 diabetes mellitus publication-title: Nat Rev Dis Primers doi: 10.1038/nrdp.2015.19 – volume: 286 start-page: 16 year: 2019 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0315 article-title: Pharmacologic strategies to reduce cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus: focus on SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists publication-title: J Intern Med doi: 10.1111/joim.12890 – volume: 62 start-page: 1129 year: 2019 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0405 article-title: Cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength and risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis publication-title: Diabetologia doi: 10.1007/s00125-019-4867-4 – volume: 19 start-page: 1252 year: 2013 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0130 article-title: Brown and beige fat: development, function and therapeutic potential publication-title: Nat Med doi: 10.1038/nm.3361 – volume: 52 start-page: 812 year: 2003 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0260 article-title: Inflammatory cytokines and the risk to develop type 2 diabetes: results of the prospective population-based European prospective investigation into Cancer and nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam study publication-title: Diabetes. doi: 10.2337/diabetes.52.3.812 – volume: 71 start-page: 2392 year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0235 article-title: Anti-inflammatory therapy with canakinumab for the prevention and management of diabetes publication-title: J Am Coll Cardiol doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.03.002 – volume: 319 start-page: 1723 year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0010 article-title: Trends in obesity and severe obesity prevalence in US youth and adults by sex and age, 2007-2008 to 2015-2016 publication-title: JAMA. doi: 10.1001/jama.2018.3060 – volume: 17 start-page: 961 year: 1994 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0030 article-title: Obesity, fat distribution, and weight gain as risk factors for clinical diabetes in men publication-title: Diabetes Care doi: 10.2337/diacare.17.9.961 – ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0095 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0019657 – volume: 64 start-page: 2299 year: 2015 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0115 article-title: Biologic responses to weight loss and weight regain: report from an American Diabetes Association research symposium publication-title: Diabetes. doi: 10.2337/db15-0004 – volume: 8 year: 2013 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0100 article-title: 45-year trends in women's use of time and household management energy expenditure publication-title: PLoS One doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056620 – volume: 16 start-page: 45 year: 2015 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0110 article-title: The role for adipose tissue in weight regain after weight loss publication-title: Obes Rev doi: 10.1111/obr.12255 – volume: 25 start-page: 1268 year: 2005 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0290 article-title: Elevated interleukin-18 levels are associated with the metabolic syndrome independent of obesity and insulin resistance publication-title: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol doi: 10.1161/01.ATV.0000163843.70369.12 – volume: 160 start-page: 1 year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0325 article-title: Prevention of diabetes with Mediterranean diets: a subgroup analysis of a randomized trial publication-title: Ann Intern Med doi: 10.7326/M13-1725 – volume: 67 start-page: 79 year: 2013 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0155 article-title: Targeting presynaptic norepinephrine transporter in brown adipose tissue: a novel imaging approach and potential treatment for diabetes and obesity publication-title: Synapse. doi: 10.1002/syn.21617 – year: 2016 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0005 article-title: Obesity and overweight fact sheet publication-title: WHO Media centre – volume: 13 start-page: 6 issue: suppl 2 year: 2012 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0185 article-title: Beyond the body mass index: tracking body composition in the pathogenesis of obesity and the metabolic syndrome publication-title: Obes Rev doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2012.01033.x – volume: 409 start-page: 729 year: 2001 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0190 article-title: Adipose-selective targeting of the GLUT4 gene impairs insulin action in muscle and liver publication-title: Nature. doi: 10.1038/35055575 – volume: 73 start-page: 2209 year: 2019 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0390 article-title: Exercise intolerance in patients with heart failure: JACC state-of-the-art review publication-title: J Am Coll Cardiol doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.01.072 – volume: 72 start-page: 303 year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0305 article-title: An orally available NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor prevents western diet-induced cardiac dysfunction in mice publication-title: J Cardiovasc Pharmacol doi: 10.1097/FJC.0000000000000628 – volume: 36 start-page: 1297 year: 2013 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0435 article-title: Four-year change in cardiorespiratory fitness and influence on glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes in a randomized trial: the look AHEAD trial publication-title: Diabetes Care doi: 10.2337/dc12-0712 – volume: 56 start-page: 115 year: 2002 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0475 article-title: Combined aerobic and resistance exercise improves glycemic control and fitness in type 2 diabetes publication-title: Diabetes Res Clin Pract doi: 10.1016/S0168-8227(01)00368-0 – volume: 130 start-page: 1192 year: 2017 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0375 article-title: Cardiorespiratory fitness and incidence of type 2 diabetes in United States veterans on statin therapy publication-title: Am J Med doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2017.04.042 – volume: 315 start-page: 2542 year: 2016 ident: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004_bb0090 article-title: Dietary intake among US adults, 1999-2012 publication-title: Jama. doi: 10.1001/jama.2016.7491
SSID	ssj0015077
Score	2.6298943
SecondaryResourceType	review_article
Snippet	The epidemic of obesity contributes to the burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the United States and worldwide. Importantly, obesity is not only... AbstractThe epidemic of obesity contributes to the burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the United States and worldwide. Importantly, obesity is not...
SourceID	proquest pubmed crossref elsevier
SourceType	Aggregation Database Index Database Enrichment Source Publisher
StartPage	327
SubjectTerms	Aged Body Mass Index Cardiorespiratory fitness Cardiovascular Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control Comorbidity Diabetes Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - diagnosis Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - epidemiology Exercise - physiology Exercise Therapy - methods Exercise training Female Humans Life Style Male Middle Aged Obesity Obesity - diagnosis Obesity - epidemiology Physical activity Prognosis Quality of Life Risk Assessment Sedentary Behavior Sedentary behaviors Severity of Illness Index Weight Loss - physiology
Title	Obesity, risk of diabetes and role of physical activity, exercise training and cardiorespiratory fitness
URI	https://www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/1-s2.0-S0033062019301070 https://www.clinicalkey.es/playcontent/1-s2.0-S0033062019301070 https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31442513 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2287515289
Volume	62
WOSCitedRecordID	wos000498332300006&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText	1
inHoldings	1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights	– providerCode: PRVESC databaseName: Elsevier SD Freedom Collection Journals 2021 customDbUrl: eissn: 1532-8643 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0015077 issn: 0033-0620 databaseCode: AIEXJ dateStart: 19950101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.sciencedirect.com providerName: Elsevier
link	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV1bb9MwFLbKhhAviDvlMgWJty5THKeJ_TjKuEysVNqQ-mY5jqN16tKqaauJv8af4zi-kG10sAdeqtaK3STn8znH9nfOQegdTKIiShQOWYFhgQIuRyjAaoVgDXHERJKUpGyKTWTDIR2P2ajT-eliYdbTrKroxQWb_1dRQxsIW4fO3kLcflBogO8gdPgEscPnPwm-lerf8cb9BmtDJrd8wrmTkA5tWNsergKTLx1h4t4a0uqidSpfTpaV425Y13akmV5ab2pm-2WWqz0F8u77QCzymdlKPRbTtR7S4-uDmvber0xFcB1JJGe9T5NVreZzf8m3H-pcNVp8oM6Fp4h8FWtz2ALDT3uHe-0NjSaGym1oWCVNdMGJOGor6TRugTFpaVxiUgtY401MVo1rdsFsUZztzaXQ6WExa_K2msLHl5NwXzGOnrLo2HBnXI_B9RhcF_DUuWi346zPQKVu7385GB_6QyxwtU3KVvs8NmbL0Auv3skmv2jTuqfxf04eogd24RLsG8A9Qh1VPUb3jiw14wk6tbjbDTTqglkZONQFAKFAo043OtQFDnW7gcNc4DDXdLiGucBi7in6_vHgZPA5tGU8Qpmk8TKULKJKKsJolid9louoTLOi7BdJTgjDiqSFLEWKJRYigZksaVqUCUn7mSgJJSl5hrYqAOULFFDwhrHMmaSUJaBI8liJpFBxDA15meMuwu4lcmlz3Ot7n_LN4uuinu8zNxlebryaONlwF7sM1pYD0G7slf2pl6qt3qg55nXMI36swaKxAuuqCIM57qK-72l9YuPr_vUf3zrgcDAY-hRQVGq2qnkc0wwWMTFlXfTcIMo_N8EJ2HBMXt7qnbxC93_P49doa7lYqTforlwvJ_ViB93JxnTHzg34NRwd_QIRafAr
linkProvider	Elsevier
openUrl	ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Obesity%2C+risk+of+diabetes+and+role+of+physical+activity%2C+exercise+training+and+cardiorespiratory+fitness&rft.jtitle=Progress+in+cardiovascular+diseases&rft.au=Carbone%2C+Salvatore&rft.au=Del+Buono%2C+Marco+Giuseppe&rft.au=Ozemek%2C+Cemal&rft.au=Lavie%2C+Carl+J.&rft.date=2019-07-01&rft.issn=0033-0620&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=327&rft.epage=333&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.pcad.2019.08.004&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=10_1016_j_pcad_2019_08_004
thumbnail_l	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0033-0620&client=summon
thumbnail_m	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0033-0620&client=summon
thumbnail_s	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0033-0620&client=summon