Avatar Embodiment. Towards a Standardized Questionnaire
Inside virtual reality, users can embody avatars that are collocated from a first-person perspective. When doing so, participants have the feeling that the own body has been substituted by the self-avatar, and that the new body is the source of the sensations. Embodiment is complex as it includes no...
Uloženo v:
| Vydáno v: | Frontiers in robotics and AI Ročník 5; s. 74 |
|---|---|
| Hlavní autoři: | , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Vydáno: |
Switzerland
Frontiers Media S.A
22.06.2018
|
| Témata: | |
| ISSN: | 2296-9144, 2296-9144 |
| On-line přístup: | Získat plný text |
| Tagy: |
Přidat tag
Žádné tagy, Buďte první, kdo vytvoří štítek k tomuto záznamu!
|
| Abstract | Inside virtual reality, users can embody avatars that are collocated from a first-person perspective. When doing so, participants have the feeling that the own body has been substituted by the self-avatar, and that the new body is the source of the sensations. Embodiment is complex as it includes not only body ownership over the avatar, but also agency, co-location, and external appearance. Despite the multiple variables that influence it, the illusion is quite robust, and it can be produced even if the self-avatar is of a different age, size, gender, or race from the participant's own body. Embodiment illusions are therefore the basis for many social VR experiences and a current active research area among the community. Researchers are interested both in the body manipulations that can be accepted, as well as studying how different self-avatars produce different attitudinal, social, perceptual, and behavioral effects. However, findings suggest that despite embodiment being strongly associated with the performance and reactions inside virtual reality, the extent to which the illusion is experienced varies between participants. In this paper, we review the questionnaires used in past experiments and propose a standardized embodiment questionnaire based on 25 questions that are prevalent in the literature. We encourage future virtual reality experiments that include first-person virtual avatars to administer this questionnaire in order to evaluate the degree of embodiment. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Inside virtual reality, users can embody avatars that are collocated from a first-person perspective. When doing so, participants have the feeling that the own body has been substituted by the self-avatar, and that the new body is the source of the sensations. Embodiment is complex as it includes not only body ownership over the avatar, but also agency, co-location, and external appearance. Despite the multiple variables that influence it, the illusion is quite robust, and it can be produced even if the self-avatar is of a different age, size, gender, or race from the participant's own body. Embodiment illusions are therefore the basis for many social VR experiences and a current active research area among the community. Researchers are interested both in the body manipulations that can be accepted, as well as studying how different self-avatars produce different attitudinal, social, perceptual, and behavioral effects. However, findings suggest that despite embodiment being strongly associated with the performance and reactions inside virtual reality, the extent to which the illusion is experienced varies between participants. In this paper, we review the questionnaires used in past experiments and propose a standardized embodiment questionnaire based on 25 questions that are prevalent in the literature. We encourage future virtual reality experiments that include first-person virtual avatars to administer this questionnaire in order to evaluate the degree of embodiment. Inside virtual reality, users can embody avatars that are collocated from a first-person perspective. When doing so, participants have the feeling that the own body has been substituted by the self-avatar, and that the new body is the source of the sensations. Embodiment is complex as it includes not only body ownership over the avatar, but also agency, co-location, and external appearance. Despite the multiple variables that influence it, the illusion is quite robust, and it can be produced even if the self-avatar is of a different age, size, gender, or race from the participant's own body. Embodiment illusions are therefore the basis for many social VR experiences and a current active research area among the community. Researchers are interested both in the body manipulations that can be accepted, as well as studying how different self-avatars produce different attitudinal, social, perceptual, and behavioral effects. However, findings suggest that despite embodiment being strongly associated with the performance and reactions inside virtual reality, the extent to which the illusion is experienced varies between participants. In this paper, we review the questionnaires used in past experiments and propose a standardized embodiment questionnaire based on 25 questions that are prevalent in the literature. We encourage future virtual reality experiments that include first-person virtual avatars to administer this questionnaire in order to evaluate the degree of embodiment.Inside virtual reality, users can embody avatars that are collocated from a first-person perspective. When doing so, participants have the feeling that the own body has been substituted by the self-avatar, and that the new body is the source of the sensations. Embodiment is complex as it includes not only body ownership over the avatar, but also agency, co-location, and external appearance. Despite the multiple variables that influence it, the illusion is quite robust, and it can be produced even if the self-avatar is of a different age, size, gender, or race from the participant's own body. Embodiment illusions are therefore the basis for many social VR experiences and a current active research area among the community. Researchers are interested both in the body manipulations that can be accepted, as well as studying how different self-avatars produce different attitudinal, social, perceptual, and behavioral effects. However, findings suggest that despite embodiment being strongly associated with the performance and reactions inside virtual reality, the extent to which the illusion is experienced varies between participants. In this paper, we review the questionnaires used in past experiments and propose a standardized embodiment questionnaire based on 25 questions that are prevalent in the literature. We encourage future virtual reality experiments that include first-person virtual avatars to administer this questionnaire in order to evaluate the degree of embodiment. |
| Author | Peck, Tabitha C. Gonzalez-Franco, Mar |
| AuthorAffiliation | 1 Microsoft Research , Redmond, WA , United States 2 Mathematics and Computer Science Department, Davidson College , Davidson, NC , United States |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 2 Mathematics and Computer Science Department, Davidson College , Davidson, NC , United States – name: 1 Microsoft Research , Redmond, WA , United States |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Mar surname: Gonzalez-Franco fullname: Gonzalez-Franco, Mar – sequence: 2 givenname: Tabitha C. surname: Peck fullname: Peck, Tabitha C. |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33500953$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
| BookMark | eNp1kc1LXDEUxUOxVGvddyVv6Wam-f7YCCK2FYRSatchL7mxkfdeNHkzYv_6ZmasaKGrXJJzf_fmnPdob8oTIPSR4CVj2nyKJffzkmKilxhjxd-gA0qNXBjC-d6Leh8d1XrbJERozpR6h_YZExgbwQ6QOlu72ZXuYuxzSCNM87K7zg-uhNq57sfsptDq9BtC930FdU55mlwq8AG9jW6ocPR0HqKfny-uz78urr59uTw_u1p4Lum88MQQjCOhimAJ3rcVlHKOAZZEKqNAqGiARmpAs0B1r00MPILgWsgegB2iyx03ZHdr70oaXXm02SW7vcjlxroyJz-AbWzJHA8Gesq56LWSPAaPefNGKEwa63THulv1IwTfPlvc8Ar6-mVKv-xNXlulsZBSNsDJE6Dk-40bdkzVwzC4CfKqWso1kUxyxZr0-OWs5yF_nW8CvBP4kmstEJ8lBNtNvnabr93ka7f5thb5T4tPs9tE0rZNw_8b_wC5lqnJ |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cag_2023_01_001 crossref_primary_10_1073_pnas_2416920122 crossref_primary_10_1080_20797222_2020_1857953 crossref_primary_10_1089_cyber_2023_0242 crossref_primary_10_1080_10447318_2024_2351713 crossref_primary_10_1109_TVCG_2023_3320240 crossref_primary_10_1080_10447318_2024_2400405 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_022_26016_1 crossref_primary_10_1109_TVCG_2020_2973061 crossref_primary_10_1145_3487563 crossref_primary_10_3390_electronics12030583 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11042_024_20107_z crossref_primary_10_1145_3678508 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_021_81168_w crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_024_61409_4 crossref_primary_10_1080_15213269_2025_2538145 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cag_2019_07_003 crossref_primary_10_1159_000541312 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10648_024_09956_0 crossref_primary_10_3390_mti7120114 crossref_primary_10_1109_TVCG_2021_3099290 crossref_primary_10_1109_TVCG_2023_3270725 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cag_2021_07_017 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_apergo_2022_103819 crossref_primary_10_1108_JFMM_04_2024_0116 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_022_13981_w crossref_primary_10_1177_07356331211053630 crossref_primary_10_3389_frvir_2021_695312 crossref_primary_10_3389_fnins_2022_791498 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2020_3013016 crossref_primary_10_1109_TVCG_2022_3161130 crossref_primary_10_3389_fnbeh_2025_1526684 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10055_023_00820_0 crossref_primary_10_3389_frvir_2020_575943 crossref_primary_10_3758_s13414_024_02959_7 crossref_primary_10_3389_fpsyg_2022_790960 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_024_55797_w crossref_primary_10_1080_10447318_2020_1870827 crossref_primary_10_1109_TVCG_2020_3023603 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_023_36861_3 crossref_primary_10_3390_app14188432 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_techfore_2024_123205 crossref_primary_10_1109_TVCG_2022_3150473 crossref_primary_10_1109_TVCG_2020_2973077 crossref_primary_10_1177_20416695231211699 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12984_021_00957_6 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijhcs_2022_102907 crossref_primary_10_3389_frvir_2023_1141683 crossref_primary_10_1097_j_pain_0000000000002348 crossref_primary_10_1109_MCG_2024_3426943 crossref_primary_10_1109_TVCG_2020_2973075 crossref_primary_10_1088_1741_2552_abee51 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_neubiorev_2022_104900 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_022_10268_y crossref_primary_10_1097_j_pain_0000000000002060 crossref_primary_10_1145_3590767 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2024_3450512 crossref_primary_10_1109_TVCG_2025_3549136 crossref_primary_10_1109_TVCG_2025_3549532 crossref_primary_10_1109_TNSRE_2021_3120795 crossref_primary_10_3389_fnhum_2020_00093 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00371_025_03868_y crossref_primary_10_1007_s00221_020_05828_5 crossref_primary_10_3390_app132413011 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijhcs_2024_103379 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10648_023_09822_5 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_neulet_2022_136814 crossref_primary_10_1177_00187208241258315 crossref_primary_10_1080_10447318_2025_2513027 crossref_primary_10_1108_APJML_10_2023_1004 crossref_primary_10_1109_TOH_2019_2925038 crossref_primary_10_1109_TVCG_2020_2964758 crossref_primary_10_1109_TVCG_2022_3150521 crossref_primary_10_3390_educsci14040418 crossref_primary_10_1051_shsconf_202113002001 crossref_primary_10_1109_TVCG_2022_3150483 crossref_primary_10_1109_TVCG_2025_3550231 crossref_primary_10_1109_TVCG_2021_3099115 crossref_primary_10_3389_frvir_2021_775764 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_022_10543_y crossref_primary_10_3390_mti6090076 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jbusres_2023_113886 crossref_primary_10_1111_jcal_12520 crossref_primary_10_1162_pres_a_00389 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10015_024_00979_y crossref_primary_10_1109_TAFFC_2023_3306198 crossref_primary_10_3389_fnins_2020_00263 crossref_primary_10_3389_frvir_2021_679902 crossref_primary_10_1109_TVCG_2024_3456139 crossref_primary_10_1109_TVCG_2025_3549887 crossref_primary_10_1088_1741_2552_acd4e8 crossref_primary_10_3389_frobt_2022_906424 crossref_primary_10_3389_frvir_2020_561558 crossref_primary_10_3389_frvir_2023_1073549 crossref_primary_10_1109_TVCG_2025_3549883 crossref_primary_10_3389_frvir_2021_668181 crossref_primary_10_1017_S0890060423000045 crossref_primary_10_1109_LRA_2024_3368792 crossref_primary_10_1145_3490493 crossref_primary_10_1109_TOH_2023_3347351 crossref_primary_10_1080_10899995_2023_2193551 crossref_primary_10_1007_s41133_024_00078_4 crossref_primary_10_3389_frvir_2025_1616662 crossref_primary_10_1111_jcal_12909 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12888_023_05347_x crossref_primary_10_3389_frvir_2022_934642 crossref_primary_10_1145_3550454_3555522 crossref_primary_10_3389_frvir_2024_1436752 crossref_primary_10_20965_jrm_2021_p1004 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2021_3089946 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0278022 crossref_primary_10_17645_mac_8423 crossref_primary_10_3389_frvir_2021_647896 crossref_primary_10_1111_jcal_12594 crossref_primary_10_3390_jcm9103210 crossref_primary_10_1145_3706417 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_isci_2022_104320 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_024_65139_5 crossref_primary_10_1177_20563051251340854 crossref_primary_10_1002_cav_1941 crossref_primary_10_3389_fpsyt_2024_1455495 crossref_primary_10_3389_frvir_2024_1337959 crossref_primary_10_20965_jrm_2022_p0756 crossref_primary_10_3389_feduc_2024_1416033 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10055_023_00910_z crossref_primary_10_1177_0887302X251361964 crossref_primary_10_3390_s20041204 crossref_primary_10_1080_0092623X_2023_2265924 crossref_primary_10_1162_pres_a_00447 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_020_79255_5 crossref_primary_10_1080_07370024_2022_2039147 crossref_primary_10_1108_TR_06_2024_0540 crossref_primary_10_1109_TG_2025_3534571 crossref_primary_10_3389_frvir_2020_573167 crossref_primary_10_3389_frvir_2025_1558233 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijhcs_2025_103488 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10648_020_09586_2 crossref_primary_10_1109_TVCG_2021_3067767 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10055_023_00785_0 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_concog_2023_103630 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10055_021_00530_5 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_022_19514_9 crossref_primary_10_1109_TVCG_2025_3549572 crossref_primary_10_15701_kcgs_2025_31_3_35 crossref_primary_10_3389_frobt_2018_00114 crossref_primary_10_3389_fpsyg_2020_01861 crossref_primary_10_1089_cyber_2022_0385 crossref_primary_10_3389_fcomm_2023_1203242 crossref_primary_10_3389_frvir_2021_668499 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cag_2024_104090 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chb_2022_107533 crossref_primary_10_3389_fpsyg_2022_989582 crossref_primary_10_1109_TVCG_2020_3021342 crossref_primary_10_1002_hbm_24958 crossref_primary_10_3389_frvir_2020_00009 crossref_primary_10_3390_jcm13237079 crossref_primary_10_1109_TVCG_2021_3083423 crossref_primary_10_1109_TVCG_2023_3247067 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00426_022_01675_x crossref_primary_10_1080_10494820_2025_2479179 crossref_primary_10_3389_fnhum_2021_713931 crossref_primary_10_3758_s13414_021_02276_3 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_024_72095_7 crossref_primary_10_1080_15230406_2022_2122569 crossref_primary_10_3390_informatics6020018 crossref_primary_10_1080_10447318_2025_2520935 crossref_primary_10_2196_56704 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_021_02091_8 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_brainres_2025_149793 crossref_primary_10_1080_0144929X_2021_1938679 crossref_primary_10_3389_fpsyg_2020_01229 crossref_primary_10_3389_frvir_2022_712375 crossref_primary_10_1109_TVCG_2024_3456173 crossref_primary_10_3390_machines11080798 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_022_25197_z crossref_primary_10_3390_jtaer20030166 crossref_primary_10_1109_TVCG_2025_3549161 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12984_020_00678_2 crossref_primary_10_3389_frvir_2022_1031093 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_neuroscience_2019_07_043 crossref_primary_10_1111_jnp_12372 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0280628 crossref_primary_10_1145_3711078 crossref_primary_10_3758_s13428_021_01761_9 crossref_primary_10_1109_TVCG_2021_3073906 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1162/PRES_a_00124 10.1162/pres.15.4.455 10.1145/2134203.2134206 10.1145/1778765.1778829 10.1145/2766939 10.1016/j.concog.2005.09.004 10.1162/jocn_a_00393 10.1109/VR.2010.5444805 10.1371/journal.pone.0103428 10.1371/journal.pone.0003832 10.1371/journal.pone.0020195 10.1371/journal.pone.0055003 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00946 10.1038/srep30628 10.1073/pnas.1306779110 10.1109/TVCG.2017.2657158 10.3389/frobt.2014.00009 10.1371/journal.pone.0040867 10.1509/jmkr.48.SPL.S23 10.3389/neuro.09.006.2008 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.08.022 10.1098/rstb.2009.0138 10.1371/journal.pone.0010564 10.1016/j.concog.2009.12.003 10.3389/fnhum.2013.00083 10.1126/science.1143439 10.1371/journal.pone.0016128 10.1525/eth.1999.27.3.315 10.3389/neuro.01.029.2009 10.1038/srep28879 10.1038/srep13899 10.1371/journal.pone.0111933 10.1162/pres.18.4.294 10.3389/fnhum.2013.00908 10.1068/p7545 10.1016/j.tics.2008.10.003 10.1145/1450579.1450614 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01125 10.1145/1857893.1857896 10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00035 10.1109/TVCG.2013.29 10.1073/pnas.1414936111 10.3389/frobt.2016.00074 10.1007/s00221-013-3800-1 10.1111/j.1468-2958.2007.00299.x 10.1109/TVCG.2013.24 10.1126/science.1142175 10.1145/2010325.2010327 10.1371/journal.pone.0169343 10.1162/105474603322955914 10.1016/j.cognition.2007.12.004 10.1177/0093650208330254 10.1111/jcc4.12107 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00693 10.1162/1054746041944849 10.1016/j.concog.2013.04.016 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00601 10.1016/j.concog.2008.02.001 10.1038/35784 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | Copyright © 2018 Gonzalez-Franco and Peck. Copyright © 2018 Gonzalez-Franco and Peck. 2018 Gonzalez-Franco and Peck |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: Copyright © 2018 Gonzalez-Franco and Peck. – notice: Copyright © 2018 Gonzalez-Franco and Peck. 2018 Gonzalez-Franco and Peck |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION NPM 7X8 5PM DOA |
| DOI | 10.3389/frobt.2018.00074 |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef PubMed MEDLINE - Academic PubMed Central (Full Participant titles) DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef PubMed MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitleList | PubMed MEDLINE - Academic |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: DOA name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals url: https://www.doaj.org/ sourceTypes: Open Website – sequence: 2 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 3 dbid: 7X8 name: MEDLINE - Academic url: https://search.proquest.com/medline sourceTypes: Aggregation Database |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Engineering |
| EISSN | 2296-9144 |
| ExternalDocumentID | oai_doaj_org_article_15863a4d9eb2445b8764fdc040745701 PMC7805666 33500953 10_3389_frobt_2018_00074 |
| Genre | Journal Article Review |
| GroupedDBID | 53G 5VS 9T4 AAFWJ AAYXX ACGFS ADBBV AFPKN ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS BCNDV CITATION GROUPED_DOAJ KQ8 M~E OK1 PGMZT RPM ACXDI IAO ICD IEA IPNFZ ISR NPM RIG 7X8 5PM |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c462t-c19100f127106ecc15877aa3e0616797e57f9e2f29e83d28b89fd4fe54856bee3 |
| IEDL.DBID | DOA |
| ISICitedReferencesCount | 354 |
| ISICitedReferencesURI | http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000436172000001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| ISSN | 2296-9144 |
| IngestDate | Fri Oct 03 12:25:23 EDT 2025 Thu Aug 21 14:04:20 EDT 2025 Fri Sep 05 09:35:02 EDT 2025 Thu Jan 02 22:59:04 EST 2025 Tue Nov 18 22:34:17 EST 2025 Sat Nov 29 05:50:00 EST 2025 |
| IsDoiOpenAccess | true |
| IsOpenAccess | true |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Keywords | questionnaires virtual reality embodiment body ownership illusion avatars |
| Language | English |
| License | Copyright © 2018 Gonzalez-Franco and Peck. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c462t-c19100f127106ecc15877aa3e0616797e57f9e2f29e83d28b89fd4fe54856bee3 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 ObjectType-Review-3 content type line 23 Reviewed by: Benjamin Lok, University of Florida, United States; Victoria Interrante, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, United States This article was submitted to Virtual Environments, a section of the journal Frontiers in Robotics and AI Edited by: Ming C. Lin, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States |
| OpenAccessLink | https://doaj.org/article/15863a4d9eb2445b8764fdc040745701 |
| PMID | 33500953 |
| PQID | 2481636473 |
| PQPubID | 23479 |
| ParticipantIDs | doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_15863a4d9eb2445b8764fdc040745701 pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_7805666 proquest_miscellaneous_2481636473 pubmed_primary_33500953 crossref_primary_10_3389_frobt_2018_00074 crossref_citationtrail_10_3389_frobt_2018_00074 |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2018-06-22 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2018-06-22 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 06 year: 2018 text: 2018-06-22 day: 22 |
| PublicationDecade | 2010 |
| PublicationPlace | Switzerland |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: Switzerland |
| PublicationTitle | Frontiers in robotics and AI |
| PublicationTitleAlternate | Front Robot AI |
| PublicationYear | 2018 |
| Publisher | Frontiers Media S.A |
| Publisher_xml | – name: Frontiers Media S.A |
| References | Osimo (B37) 2015; 5 Spanlang (B54) 2014; 1 Fox (B12) 2009; 18 Piryankova (B42) 2014; 9 Argelaguet (B1) 2016 González-Franco (B14) 2014; 232 Maselli (B32) 2016; 6 Petkova (B41) 2011; 2 Rosenberg (B45) 2013; 8 Slater (B53); 5 Trutoiu (B56) 2011; 8 Kilteni (B21) 2013; 19 Kilteni (B23); 7 van der Hoort (B58) 2011; 6 Banakou (B4) 2014; 111 Maselli (B34) 2014; 8 Longo (B30) 2008; 107 Slater (B51) 2016; 3 Yee (B61) 2009; 36 Slater (B48) 2009; 364 Lenggenhager (B26) 2007; 317 Lok (B29) 2003; 12 Slater (B50) 2009; 3 Slater (B47) 2004; 13 Falconer (B11) 2014; 9 Blanke (B5) 2009; 13 Skarbez (B46) 2017; 23 Banakou (B3) 2016; 10 Slater (B52); 29 Kastanis (B20) 2012; 9 Ehrsson (B10) 2007; 317 Padrao (B38) 2016; 124 Kokkinara (B25) 2014; 43 Kokkinara (B24) 2016; 6 Bourdin (B8) 2017; 12 Botvinick (B7) 1998; 391 Steed (B55) 2016 Maselli (B33) 2013; 7 Banakou (B2) 2013; 110 Kilteni (B22); 21 Yee (B60) 2007; 33 Hershfield (B17) 2011; 48 Peck (B39) 2013; 22 Murray (B35) 1999; 27 Llobera (B28) 2010; 8 Petkova (B40) 2008; 3 Slater (B49) 2008; 2 Gonzalez-Franco (B15) 2010 Guterstam (B16) 2013; 25 Li (B27) 2015; 34 Gonzalez-Franco (B13) 2017; 8 Normand (B36) 2011; 6 Borland (B6) 2013; 19 Carruthers (B9) 2008; 17 Lopez (B31) 2010; 19 Won (B59) 2015; 20 Heydrich (B18) 2013; 4 Ries (B44) 2008 Pomés (B43) 2013; 7 Tsakiris (B57) 2006; 15 IJsselsteijn (B19) 2006; 15 |
| References_xml | – volume: 21 start-page: 373 ident: B22 article-title: The sense of embodiment in virtual reality publication-title: Presence Teleoperators Virt. Environ. doi: 10.1162/PRES_a_00124 – volume: 15 start-page: 455 year: 2006 ident: B19 article-title: Is this my hand I see before me? The rubber hand illusion in reality, virtual reality, and mixed reality publication-title: Presence Teleoperators Virt. Environ. doi: 10.1162/pres.15.4.455 – volume: 9 start-page: 3 year: 2012 ident: B20 article-title: Reinforcement learning utilizes proxemics: an avatar learns to manipulate the position of people in immersive virtual reality publication-title: ACM Trans. Appl. Percept. doi: 10.1145/2134203.2134206 – volume: 29 start-page: 1 ident: B52 article-title: Simulating virtual environments within virtual environments as the basis for a psychophysics of presence publication-title: ACM Trans. Graph. doi: 10.1145/1778765.1778829 – start-page: 3 volume-title: InVirtual Reality (VR) year: 2016 ident: B1 article-title: The role of interaction in virtual embodiment: Effects of the virtual hand representation – volume: 34 start-page: 47 year: 2015 ident: B27 article-title: Facial performance sensing head-mounted display publication-title: ACM Trans. Graph. doi: 10.1145/2766939 – volume: 15 start-page: 423 year: 2006 ident: B57 article-title: Having a body versus moving your body: how agency structures body-ownership publication-title: Conscious. Cogn. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2005.09.004 – volume: 25 start-page: 1078 year: 2013 ident: B16 article-title: The invisible hand illusion: multisensory integration leads to the embodiment of a discrete volume of empty space publication-title: J. Cogn. Neurosci. doi: 10.1162/jocn_a_00393 – volume-title: 2010 IEEE Virtual Reality Conference (VR) year: 2010 ident: B15 article-title: The contribution of real-time mirror reflections of motor actions on virtual body ownership in an immersive virtual environment doi: 10.1109/VR.2010.5444805 – volume: 9 start-page: e103428 year: 2014 ident: B42 article-title: Owning an overweight or underweight body: distinguishing the physical, experienced and virtual body publication-title: PLoS ONE doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103428 – volume: 3 start-page: e3832 year: 2008 ident: B40 article-title: If I were you: perceptual illusion of body swapping publication-title: PLoS ONE doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0003832 – volume: 6 start-page: e20195 year: 2011 ident: B58 article-title: Being Barbie: the size of one's own body determines the perceived size of the world publication-title: PLoS ONE doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0020195 – volume: 8 start-page: e55003 year: 2013 ident: B45 article-title: Virtual superheroes: using superpowers in virtual reality to encourage prosocial behavior publication-title: PLoS ONE doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055003 – volume: 4 start-page: 946 year: 2013 ident: B18 article-title: Visual capture and the experience of having two bodies–evidence from two different virtual reality techniques publication-title: Front. Psychol. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00946 – volume: 6 start-page: 30628 year: 2016 ident: B32 article-title: The sense of body ownership relaxes temporal constraints for multisensory integration publication-title: Sci. Rep. doi: 10.1038/srep30628 – volume: 110 start-page: 12846 year: 2013 ident: B2 article-title: Illusory ownership of a virtual child body causes overestimation of object sizes and implicit attitude changes publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1306779110 – volume: 23 start-page: 1369 year: 2017 ident: B46 article-title: A psychophysical experiment regarding components of the plausibility illusion publication-title: IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph. doi: 10.1109/TVCG.2017.2657158 – volume: 1 start-page: 9 year: 2014 ident: B54 article-title: How to build an embodiment lab: achieving body representation illusions in virtual reality publication-title: Front. Robot. doi: 10.3389/frobt.2014.00009 – volume: 7 start-page: e40867 ident: B23 article-title: Extending body space in immersive virtual reality: a very long arm illusion publication-title: PLoS ONE doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040867 – volume: 48 start-page: S23 year: 2011 ident: B17 article-title: Increasing saving behavior through age-progressed renderings of the future self publication-title: J. Mark. Res. doi: 10.1509/jmkr.48.SPL.S23 – volume: 2 start-page: 6 year: 2008 ident: B49 article-title: Towards a digital body: the virtual arm illusion publication-title: Front. Hum. Neurosci. doi: 10.3389/neuro.09.006.2008 – volume: 124 start-page: 174 year: 2016 ident: B38 article-title: Violating body movement semantics: neural signatures of self-generated and external-generated errors publication-title: Neuroimage doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.08.022 – volume: 364 start-page: 3549 year: 2009 ident: B48 article-title: Place illusion and plausibility can lead to realistic behaviour in immersive virtual environments publication-title: Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B. Biol. Sci. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2009.0138 – volume: 5 start-page: e10564 ident: B53 article-title: First person experience of body transfer in virtual reality publication-title: PLoS ONE doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0010564 – volume: 19 start-page: 33 year: 2010 ident: B31 article-title: How vestibular stimulation interacts with illusory hand ownership publication-title: Conscious. Cogn. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2009.12.003 – volume: 7 start-page: 83 year: 2013 ident: B33 article-title: The building blocks of the full body ownership illusion publication-title: Front. Hum. Neurosci. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2013.00083 – volume: 317 start-page: 1096 year: 2007 ident: B26 article-title: Video ergo sum: manipulating bodily self-consciousness publication-title: Science doi: 10.1126/science.1143439 – volume: 6 start-page: e16128 year: 2011 ident: B36 article-title: Multisensory stimulation can induce an illusion of larger belly size in immersive virtual reality publication-title: PLoS ONE doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0016128 – volume: 27 start-page: 315 year: 1999 ident: B35 article-title: The corporeal body in virtual reality publication-title: Ethos doi: 10.1525/eth.1999.27.3.315 – volume: 3 start-page: 214 year: 2009 ident: B50 article-title: Inducing illusory ownership of a virtual body publication-title: Front. Neurosci. doi: 10.3389/neuro.01.029.2009 – volume: 6 start-page: 28879 year: 2016 ident: B24 article-title: First person perspective of seated participants over a walking virtual body leads to illusory agency over the walking publication-title: Sci. Rep. doi: 10.1038/srep28879 – volume: 5 start-page: 13899 year: 2015 ident: B37 article-title: Conversations between self and self as Sigmund Freud–A virtual body ownership paradigm for self counselling publication-title: Sci. Rep. doi: 10.1038/srep13899 – volume: 9 start-page: e111933 year: 2014 ident: B11 article-title: Embodying compassion: a virtual reality paradigm for overcoming excessive self-criticism publication-title: PLoS ONE doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111933 – volume: 18 start-page: 294 year: 2009 ident: B12 article-title: Virtual experiences, physical behaviors: the effect of presence on imitation of an eating avatar publication-title: Presence Teleoperat. Virt. Environ. doi: 10.1162/pres.18.4.294 – volume: 7 start-page: 908 year: 2013 ident: B43 article-title: Drift and ownership toward a distant virtual body publication-title: Front. Hum. Neurosci. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2013.00908 – volume: 43 start-page: 43 year: 2014 ident: B25 article-title: Measuring the effects through time of the influence of visuomotor and visuotactile synchronous stimulation on a virtual body ownership illusion publication-title: Perception doi: 10.1068/p7545 – volume: 13 start-page: 7 year: 2009 ident: B5 article-title: Full-body illusions and minimal phenomenal selfhood publication-title: Trends Cogn. Sci. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2008.10.003 – volume-title: Proceedings of the 2008 ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology year: 2008 ident: B44 article-title: The effect of self-embodiment on distance perception in immersive virtual environments doi: 10.1145/1450579.1450614 – volume: 8 start-page: 1125 year: 2017 ident: B13 article-title: Model of Illusions and virtual reality publication-title: Front Psychol. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01125 – volume: 8 start-page: 1 year: 2010 ident: B28 article-title: Proxemics with multiple dynamic characters in an immersive virtual environment publication-title: ACM Trans. Appl. Percept. doi: 10.1145/1857893.1857896 – volume: 2 start-page: 35 year: 2011 ident: B41 article-title: The perspective matters! Multisensory integration in ego-centric reference frames determines full-body ownership publication-title: Front. Psychol. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00035 – volume: 19 start-page: 597 year: 2013 ident: B21 article-title: Drumming in immersive virtual reality: the body shapes the way we play publication-title: IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph. doi: 10.1109/TVCG.2013.29 – start-page: 67 volume-title: In Virtual Reality (VR) year: 2016 ident: B55 article-title: The impact of a self-avatar on cognitive load in immersive virtual reality – volume: 111 start-page: 17678 year: 2014 ident: B4 article-title: Body ownership causes illusory self-attribution of speaking and influences subsequent real speaking publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.U.S.A. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1414936111 – volume: 3 start-page: 74 year: 2016 ident: B51 article-title: Enhancing our lives with immersive virtual reality publication-title: Front. Robot. doi: 10.3389/frobt.2016.00074 – volume: 232 start-page: 875 year: 2014 ident: B14 article-title: A threat to a virtual hand elicits motor cortex activation publication-title: Exp. Brain Res. doi: 10.1007/s00221-013-3800-1 – volume: 33 start-page: 271 year: 2007 ident: B60 article-title: The proteus effect: the effect of transformed self-representation on behavior publication-title: Hum. Commun. Res. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2958.2007.00299.x – volume: 19 start-page: 591 year: 2013 ident: B6 article-title: An evaluation of self-avatar eye movement for virtual embodiment publication-title: IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph. doi: 10.1109/TVCG.2013.24 – volume: 317 start-page: 1048 year: 2007 ident: B10 article-title: The experimental induction of out-of-body experiences publication-title: Science doi: 10.1126/science.1142175 – volume: 8 start-page: 17 year: 2011 ident: B56 article-title: Modeling and animating eye blinks publication-title: ACM Trans. Appl. Percept. doi: 10.1145/2010325.2010327 – volume: 12 start-page: e0169343 year: 2017 ident: B8 article-title: A Virtual Out-of-body experience reduces fear of death publication-title: PLoS ONE doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169343 – volume: 12 start-page: 615 year: 2003 ident: B29 article-title: Effects of handling real objects and self-avatar fidelity on cognitive task performance and sense of presence in virtual environments publication-title: Presence Teleoperators Virt. Environ. doi: 10.1162/105474603322955914 – volume: 107 start-page: 978 year: 2008 ident: B30 article-title: What is embodiment? A psychometric approach publication-title: Cognition doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2007.12.004 – volume: 36 start-page: 285 year: 2009 ident: B61 article-title: The proteus effect publication-title: Communic. Res. doi: 10.1177/0093650208330254 – volume: 20 start-page: 241 year: 2015 ident: B59 article-title: Homuncular flexibility in virtual reality publication-title: J. Comput. Commun. doi: 10.1111/jcc4.12107 – volume: 8 start-page: 693 year: 2014 ident: B34 article-title: Sliding perspectives: dissociating ownership from self-location during full body illusions in virtual reality publication-title: Front. Hum. Neurosci. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00693 – volume: 13 start-page: 484 year: 2004 ident: B47 article-title: How colorful was your day? Why questionnaires cannot assess presence in virtual environments publication-title: Presence Teleoperators Virtual Environ doi: 10.1162/1054746041944849 – volume: 22 start-page: 779 year: 2013 ident: B39 article-title: Putting yourself in the skin of a black avatar reduces implicit racial bias publication-title: Conscious. Cogn. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2013.04.016 – volume: 10 start-page: 601 year: 2016 ident: B3 article-title: Virtual embodiment of white people in a black virtual body leads to a sustained reduction in their implicit racial bias publication-title: Front. Hum. Neurosci. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00601 – volume: 17 start-page: 1302 year: 2008 ident: B9 article-title: Types of body representation and the sense of embodiment publication-title: Conscious. Cogn. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2008.02.001 – volume: 391 start-page: 756 year: 1998 ident: B7 article-title: Rubber hands “feel” touch that eyes see publication-title: Nature doi: 10.1038/35784 |
| SSID | ssj0001584377 |
| Score | 2.5616884 |
| SecondaryResourceType | review_article |
| Snippet | Inside virtual reality, users can embody avatars that are collocated from a first-person perspective. When doing so, participants have the feeling that the own... |
| SourceID | doaj pubmedcentral proquest pubmed crossref |
| SourceType | Open Website Open Access Repository Aggregation Database Index Database Enrichment Source |
| StartPage | 74 |
| SubjectTerms | avatars body ownership illusion embodiment questionnaires Robotics and AI virtual reality |
| Title | Avatar Embodiment. Towards a Standardized Questionnaire |
| URI | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33500953 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2481636473 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC7805666 https://doaj.org/article/15863a4d9eb2445b8764fdc040745701 |
| Volume | 5 |
| WOSCitedRecordID | wos000436172000001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| journalDatabaseRights | – providerCode: PRVAON databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals customDbUrl: eissn: 2296-9144 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0001584377 issn: 2296-9144 databaseCode: DOA dateStart: 20140101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.doaj.org/ providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals – providerCode: PRVHPJ databaseName: ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources customDbUrl: eissn: 2296-9144 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0001584377 issn: 2296-9144 databaseCode: M~E dateStart: 20140101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://road.issn.org providerName: ISSN International Centre |
| link | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1LT9wwEB5RxKE9IKA8tjwUpF44pJs4jh9HQIu4gJAAaW-WHdvqSpBFuwuHHvrbO7bDahdVcOGSQ-wozjd2PJ89_gbgZ1k6XVhr81Jom1OHQ1E2tckNsyaIw3jjU7IJfn0thkN5s5DqK8SEJXngBFy_rAWrNLUSKSCltcHRS71tsO9xWvN0cgu9ngUylc4HC1pxnvYlkYXJvp-MTYidLEPsZMHp0jwU5fr_52O-DZVcmHsuNmC9cxqz09TYTVhx7RZ8W5AS_A789EXP9CQbPJqxjYr9v7K7GBI7zXR22y0YjP44m8U1TjRHq_F3tw33F4O788u8S4qQN5SRWd4gwSoKXxJ0DRjij1_KudaVw4mZccldzb10xBPpRGWJMEJ6S71DZlIz41y1A6vtuHV7kMmGYHVDvEaO5xgzvmhKoikllmPlsgf9V4hU0ymGh8QVDwqZQwBVRVBVAFVFUHtwMn_iKallvFP3LKA-rxd0ruMNtL7qrK8-sn4Pjl9tpnBchM0O3brx81QRKtDVZJRXPdhNNpy_qqrq4FpiCV-y7lJblkva0e-ovR1SQCDj-_EZjd-HrwGOEHhGyAGszibP7hDWmpfZaDo5gi98KI5it8br1d_BP7Um-78 |
| linkProvider | Directory of Open Access Journals |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Avatar+Embodiment.+Towards+a+Standardized+Questionnaire&rft.jtitle=Frontiers+in+robotics+and+AI&rft.au=Mar+Gonzalez-Franco&rft.au=Tabitha+C.+Peck&rft.date=2018-06-22&rft.pub=Frontiers+Media+S.A&rft.eissn=2296-9144&rft.volume=5&rft_id=info:doi/10.3389%2Ffrobt.2018.00074&rft.externalDBID=DOA&rft.externalDocID=oai_doaj_org_article_15863a4d9eb2445b8764fdc040745701 |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2296-9144&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2296-9144&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2296-9144&client=summon |