Short-term and long-term exposures to fine particulate matter constituents and health: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Fine particulate matter (Particulate matter with diameter ≤ 2.5 μm) is associated with multiple health outcomes, with varying effects across seasons and locations. It remains largely unknown that which components of PM2.5 are most harmful to human health. We systematically searched all the relevent...

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Veröffentlicht in:Environmental pollution (1987) Jg. 247; S. 874 - 882
Hauptverfasser: Yang, Yang, Ruan, Zengliang, Wang, Xiaojie, Yang, Yin, Mason, Tonya G., Lin, Hualiang, Tian, Linwei
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: England Elsevier Ltd 01.04.2019
Schlagworte:
Air Pollutants - analysis
Air Pollutants - toxicity
Air pollution
Air Pollution - adverse effects
Air Pollution - statistics & numerical data
chronic exposure
Constituents of fine particulate matter
Environmental Exposure - adverse effects
Environmental Exposure - statistics & numerical data
human health
Humans
iron
meta-analysis
Morbidity
Mortality
nickel
Nitrates
organic carbon
Particulate Matter - toxicity
particulates
PM2.5
potassium
risk
risk estimate
Seasons
silicon
Soot
Sulfates
systematic review
toxicity
Vanadium
zinc
Constituents of fine particulate matter
Air pollution
Mortality
Morbidity
PM2.5
PM(2.5)
ISSN:0269-7491, 1873-6424, 1873-6424
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Zusammenfassung:Fine particulate matter (Particulate matter with diameter ≤ 2.5 μm) is associated with multiple health outcomes, with varying effects across seasons and locations. It remains largely unknown that which components of PM2.5 are most harmful to human health. We systematically searched all the relevent studies published before August 1, 2018, on the associations of fine particulate matter constituents with mortality and morbidity, using Web of Science, MEDLINE, PubMed and EMBASE. Studies were included if they explored the associations between short term or long term exposure of fine particulate matter constituents and natural, cardiovascular or respiratory health endpoints. The criteria for the risk of bias was adapted from OHAT and New Castle Ottawa. We applied a random-effects model to derive the risk estimates for each constituent. We performed main analyses restricted to studies which adjusted the PM2.5 mass in their models. Significant associations were observed between several PM2.5 constituents and different health endpoints. Among them, black carbon and organic carbon were most robustly and consistently associated with all natural, cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Other potential toxic constituents including nitrate, sulfate, Zinc, silicon, iron, nickel, vanadium, and potassium were associated with adverse cardiovascular health, while nitrate, sulfate and vanadium were relevant for adverse respiratory health outcomes. Our analysis suggests that black carbon and organic carbon are important detrimental components of PM2.5, while other constituents are probably hazardous to human health. However, more studies are needed to further confirm our results. [Display omitted] •The first systematic review of both short term and long term exposure to PM2.5 constituents and related health effects.•Both Mortality and Morbidity have been considered.•BC and OC are constituents that are most likely to cause adverse health effects.
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ISSN:0269-7491
1873-6424
1873-6424
DOI:10.1016/j.envpol.2018.12.060