Therapeutic alliance, empathy, and genuineness in individual adult psychotherapy: A meta-analytic review

Objective: Alliance, empathy, and genuineness are each integral parts of the therapeutic relationship. No previous meta-analysis has explored the extent to which therapist empathy and genuineness contribute to the therapeutic alliance. Method: In this meta-analysis, a multifaceted search strategy yi...

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Vydáno v:Psychotherapy research Ročník 28; číslo 4; s. 593 - 605
Hlavní autoři: Nienhuis, Jacob B., Owen, Jesse, Valentine, Jeffrey C., Winkeljohn Black, Stephanie, Halford, Tyler C., Parazak, Stephanie E., Budge, Stephanie, Hilsenroth, Mark
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: England Routledge 04.07.2018
Taylor & Francis Ltd
Témata:
aliança
alleanza
alliance
Alliances
Allianz
Bias
Empathy
Ethnicity
Genuineness
Individual psychotherapy
Meta-analysis
Perceptions
pesquisa de processo
philosophical/theoretical issues in therapy research
philosophisch/ theoretische Fragestellungen in der Therapieforschung
process research
Prozessforschung
Psychotherapy
questioni filosofiche / teoriche nella ricerca terapeutica
questões filosóficas / teóricas em pesquisa em terapia
Race
Random effects
ricerca di processo
Systematic review
Therapeutic alliances
Therapist patient relationships
Variables
同盟
歷程研究
治療研究中的哲學性／理論性議題
alliance
process research
philosophical/theoretical issues in therapy research
ISSN:1050-3307, 1468-4381
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Shrnutí:Objective: Alliance, empathy, and genuineness are each integral parts of the therapeutic relationship. No previous meta-analysis has explored the extent to which therapist empathy and genuineness contribute to the therapeutic alliance. Method: In this meta-analysis, a multifaceted search strategy yielded 53 studies. Forty studies reported alliance/empathy relationships, eight studies reported alliance/genuineness relationships, and five studies reported both. Results: Random effects meta-analyses revealed that therapeutic alliance was significantly related to perceptions of therapist empathy with a mean r = 0.50 (95% CI = 0.42, 0.57). Therapeutic alliance was also significantly related to perceptions of therapist genuineness with a mean r = 0.59 (95% CI = 0.45, 0.71). Tests of publication bias indicated a low likelihood of publication bias affecting the strength and direction of the results. Potential moderating variables were explored, including rater perspective, measure of therapeutic relationship variables, and client race/ethnicity. Conclusions: Therapeutic alliance has a moderate relationship with perceptions of therapist empathy and genuineness. Of note, there may be reason to believe that when rated by the same person, these constructs have significant overlap and lack discreteness. Future directions for study of the therapeutic relationship are discussed. Implications for practice are provided.
Bibliografie:ObjectType-Article-1
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ISSN:1050-3307
1468-4381
DOI:10.1080/10503307.2016.1204023