The quality of life questionnaire EQ-5D-5L: psychometric properties and normative values for the general German population

Purpose The health state classifier EQ-5D of the Euro-QoL group has been expanded to a 5-level instrument (EQ-5D-5L), but studies on psychometric properties of this new instrument, applied to the general population, are rare. Methods A sample of 2,469 subjects, representatively selected from the Ger...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Quality of life research Vol. 23; no. 2; pp. 443 - 447
Main Authors: Hinz, Andreas, Kohlmann, Thomas, Stöbel-Richter, Yve, Zenger, Markus, Brähler, Elmar
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Cham Springer 01.03.2014
Springer International Publishing
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Age Factors
Age groups
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Anxiety
Brief Communication
Censuses
Correlations
Depressive disorders
Female
Gender
Germany - epidemiology
Health surveys
Humans
Male
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Middle Aged
Normativity
Osteoarthritis - epidemiology
Population
Psychometrics
Psychometrics - methods
Public Health
Quality of Life
Quality of Life Research
Quantitative psychology
Questionnaires
Reference Values
Reproducibility of Results
Sex Factors
Sociology
Surveys and Questionnaires
Womens studies
Young Adult
Germany
Normative values
EQ-5D
Reference values
Quality of life
ISSN:0962-9343, 1573-2649, 1573-2649
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Purpose The health state classifier EQ-5D of the Euro-QoL group has been expanded to a 5-level instrument (EQ-5D-5L), but studies on psychometric properties of this new instrument, applied to the general population, are rare. Methods A sample of 2,469 subjects, representatively selected from the German general population, was asked to fill in the EQ-5D-5L and several other questionnaires. Crude sum scores of the EQ-5D-5L were calculated and compared with scores derived from two sets of utilities, one from a German and one from a UK sample. Results The mean sum score (0–100 scale) was 91.5. Males reported better health states than females, and there was a nearly linear age trend. The list of the 45 most frequent health patterns (those with at least 0.2 % of the respondents) showed that almost half of the participants (47.5 %) responded being in the optimal health state, indicating a ceiling effect. Correlations between EQ-5D-5L scores and other questionnaires were very similar for all three scoring systems of the EQ-5D-5L. Finally, normative scores are given on the basis of sum scores. Conclusions The applicability of the EQ-5D-5L in the general population is limited because of the skewness. Sum scores are useful because of their simplicity, international generalizability, and construct validity.
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ISSN:0962-9343
1573-2649
1573-2649
DOI:10.1007/s11136-013-0498-2