Balanced multi-perspective checking of process conformance

Organizations maintain process models that describe or prescribe how cases (e.g., orders) are handled. However, reality may not agree with what is modeled. Conformance checking techniques reveal and diagnose differences between the behavior that is modeled and what is observed. Existing conformance...

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Published in:	Computing Vol. 98; no. 4; pp. 407 - 437
Main Authors:	Mannhardt, Felix, de Leoni, Massimiliano, Reijers, Hajo A., van der Aalst, Wil M. P.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Vienna Springer Vienna 01.04.2016 Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:	Algorithms Artificial Intelligence Balancing Computer Appl. in Administrative Data Processing Computer Communication Networks Computer Science Customizing Deviation Diagnostic systems Information Systems Applications (incl.Internet) Mathematical models Mathematics Software Engineering Staged Studies Process mining Log-process alignment Data Petri nets 68U35 Multi-perspective conformance checking
ISSN:	0010-485X, 1436-5057
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Abstract	Organizations maintain process models that describe or prescribe how cases (e.g., orders) are handled. However, reality may not agree with what is modeled. Conformance checking techniques reveal and diagnose differences between the behavior that is modeled and what is observed. Existing conformance checking approaches tend to focus on the control-flow in a process, while abstracting from data dependencies, resource assignments, and time constraints. Even in those situations when other perspectives are considered, the control-flow is aligned first, i.e., priority is given to this perspective. Data dependencies, resource assignments, and time constraints are only considered as “second-class citizens”, which may lead to misleading conformance diagnostics. For example, a data attribute may provide strong evidence that the wrong activity was executed. Existing techniques will still diagnose the data-flow as deviating, whereas our approach will indeed point out that the control-flow is deviating. In this paper, a novel algorithm is proposed that balances the deviations with respect to all these perspectives based on a customizable cost function. Evaluations using both synthetic and real data sets show that a multi-perspective approach is indeed feasible and may help to circumvent misleading results as generated by classical single-perspective or staged approaches.
AbstractList	Organizations maintain process models that describe or prescribe how cases (e.g., orders) are handled. However, reality may not agree with what is modeled. Conformance checking techniques reveal and diagnose differences between the behavior that is modeled and what is observed. Existing conformance checking approaches tend to focus on the control-flow in a process, while abstracting from data dependencies, resource assignments, and time constraints. Even in those situations when other perspectives are considered, the control-flow is aligned first, i.e., priority is given to this perspective. Data dependencies, resource assignments, and time constraints are only considered as "second-class citizens", which may lead to misleading conformance diagnostics. For example, a data attribute may provide strong evidence that the wrong activity was executed. Existing techniques will still diagnose the data-flow as deviating, whereas our approach will indeed point out that the control-flow is deviating. In this paper, a novel algorithm is proposed that balances the deviations with respect to all these perspectives based on a customizable cost function. Evaluations using both synthetic and real data sets show that a multi-perspective approach is indeed feasible and may help to circumvent misleading results as generated by classical single-perspective or staged approaches. Organizations maintain process models that describe or prescribe how cases (e.g., orders) are handled. However, reality may not agree with what is modeled. Conformance checking techniques reveal and diagnose differences between the behavior that is modeled and what is observed. Existing conformance checking approaches tend to focus on the control-flow in a process, while abstracting from data dependencies, resource assignments, and time constraints. Even in those situations when other perspectives are considered, the control-flow is aligned first, i.e., priority is given to this perspective. Data dependencies, resource assignments, and time constraints are only considered as “second-class citizens”, which may lead to misleading conformance diagnostics. For example, a data attribute may provide strong evidence that the wrong activity was executed. Existing techniques will still diagnose the data-flow as deviating, whereas our approach will indeed point out that the control-flow is deviating. In this paper, a novel algorithm is proposed that balances the deviations with respect to all these perspectives based on a customizable cost function. Evaluations using both synthetic and real data sets show that a multi-perspective approach is indeed feasible and may help to circumvent misleading results as generated by classical single-perspective or staged approaches.
Author	de Leoni, Massimiliano van der Aalst, Wil M. P. Mannhardt, Felix Reijers, Hajo A.
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Felix surname: Mannhardt fullname: Mannhardt, Felix email: f.mannhardt@tue.nl organization: Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Perceptive Software – sequence: 2 givenname: Massimiliano surname: de Leoni fullname: de Leoni, Massimiliano organization: Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven – sequence: 3 givenname: Hajo A. surname: Reijers fullname: Reijers, Hajo A. organization: Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam – sequence: 4 givenname: Wil M. P. surname: van der Aalst fullname: van der Aalst, Wil M. P. organization: Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, International Laboratory of Process-Aware Information Systems, National Research University Higher School of Economics
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SubjectTerms	Algorithms Artificial Intelligence Balancing Computer Appl. in Administrative Data Processing Computer Communication Networks Computer Science Customizing Deviation Diagnostic systems Information Systems Applications (incl.Internet) Mathematical models Mathematics Software Engineering Staged Studies
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