Advances in protein-amino acid nutrition of poultry

The ideal protein concept has allowed progress in defining requirements as well as the limiting order of amino acids in corn, soybean meal, and a corn-soybean meal mixture for growth of young chicks. Recent evidence suggests that glycine (or serine) is a key limiting amino acid in reduced protein [2...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Amino acids Vol. 37; no. 1; pp. 29 - 41
Main Author:	Baker, David H
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Vienna Vienna : Springer Vienna 01.05.2009 Springer Vienna Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:	Acetylcysteine Acidosis Amino acids Amino Acids - adverse effects Amino Acids - metabolism Analytical Chemistry Animals arginine betaine Bicarbonates Biochemical Engineering Biochemistry Biomedical and Life Sciences broiler chickens Chicks Choline Constraining Corn Creatine crude protein Cysteine Diet Dietary Supplements Diets Feeding Behavior Glycine Hogs Juveniles Life Sciences Meals Metabolic acidosis Methionine methionine hydroxy analog Methylmethionine mortality Neurobiology Nutrient deficiency Nutrition research Poultry - metabolism Poultry Diseases - etiology Poultry Diseases - metabolism Proteins Proteomics Review Article S-Adenosylmethionine serine soybean meal Soybean Proteins - chemistry Soybean Proteins - metabolism Soybeans sulfates Ideal protein Cysteine Methionine Glycine Methylmethionine Guanidinoacetate Sulfur amino acids
ISSN:	0939-4451, 1438-2199, 1438-2199
Online Access:	Get full text
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Summary:	The ideal protein concept has allowed progress in defining requirements as well as the limiting order of amino acids in corn, soybean meal, and a corn-soybean meal mixture for growth of young chicks. Recent evidence suggests that glycine (or serine) is a key limiting amino acid in reduced protein [23% crude protein (CP) reduced to 16% CP] corn-soybean meal diets for broiler chicks. Research with sulfur amino acids has revealed that small excesses of cysteine are growth depressing in chicks fed methionine-deficient diets. Moreover, high ratios of cysteine:methionine impair utilization of the hydroxy analog of methionine, but not of methionine itself. A high level of dietary l-cysteine (2.5% or higher) is lethal for young chicks, but a similar level of dl-methionine, l-cystine or N-acetyl-l-cysteine causes no mortality. A supplemental dietary level of 3.0% l-cysteine (7x requirement) causes acute metabolic acidosis that is characterized by a striking increase in plasma sulfate and decrease in plasma bicarbonate. S-Methylmethionine, an analog of S-adenosylmethionine, has been shown to have choline-sparing activity, but it only spares methionine when diets are deficient in choline and(or) betaine. Creatine, or its precursor guanidinoacetic acid, can spare dietary arginine in chicks.
Bibliography:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00726-008-0198-3 ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 ObjectType-Article-2 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 ObjectType-Review-3
ISSN:	0939-4451 1438-2199 1438-2199
DOI:	10.1007/s00726-008-0198-3