Development of Phenotyping Algorithms for the Identification of Organ Transplant Recipients: Cohort Study

Studies involving organ transplant recipients (OTRs) are often limited to the variables collected in the national Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients database. Electronic health records contain additional variables that can augment this data source if OTRs can be identified accurately. The...

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Vydané v:JMIR medical informatics Ročník 8; číslo 12; s. e18001
Hlavní autori: Wheless, Lee, Baker, Laura, Edwards, LaVar, Anand, Nimay, Birdwell, Kelly, Hanlon, Allison, Chren, Mary-Margaret
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: Canada JMIR Publications 10.12.2020
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Abstract Studies involving organ transplant recipients (OTRs) are often limited to the variables collected in the national Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients database. Electronic health records contain additional variables that can augment this data source if OTRs can be identified accurately. The aim of this study was to develop phenotyping algorithms to identify OTRs from electronic health records. We used Vanderbilt's deidentified version of its electronic health record database, which contains nearly 3 million subjects, to develop algorithms to identify OTRs. We identified all 19,817 individuals with at least one International Classification of Diseases (ICD) or Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code for organ transplantation. We performed a chart review on 1350 randomly selected individuals to determine the transplant status. We constructed machine learning models to calculate positive predictive values and sensitivity for combinations of codes by using classification and regression trees, random forest, and extreme gradient boosting algorithms. Of the 1350 reviewed patient charts, 827 were organ transplant recipients while 511 had no record of a transplant, and 12 were equivocal. Most patients with only 1 or 2 transplant codes did not have a transplant. The most common reasons for being labeled a nontransplant patient were the lack of data (229/511, 44.8%) or the patient being evaluated for an organ transplant (174/511, 34.1%). All 3 machine learning algorithms identified OTRs with overall >90% positive predictive value and >88% sensitivity. Electronic health records linked to biobanks are increasingly used to conduct large-scale studies but have not been well-utilized in organ transplantation research. We present rigorously evaluated methods for phenotyping OTRs from electronic health records that will enable the use of the full spectrum of clinical data in transplant research. Using several different machine learning algorithms, we were able to identify transplant cases with high accuracy by using only ICD and CPT codes.
AbstractList Studies involving organ transplant recipients (OTRs) are often limited to the variables collected in the national Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients database. Electronic health records contain additional variables that can augment this data source if OTRs can be identified accurately. The aim of this study was to develop phenotyping algorithms to identify OTRs from electronic health records. We used Vanderbilt's deidentified version of its electronic health record database, which contains nearly 3 million subjects, to develop algorithms to identify OTRs. We identified all 19,817 individuals with at least one International Classification of Diseases (ICD) or Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code for organ transplantation. We performed a chart review on 1350 randomly selected individuals to determine the transplant status. We constructed machine learning models to calculate positive predictive values and sensitivity for combinations of codes by using classification and regression trees, random forest, and extreme gradient boosting algorithms. Of the 1350 reviewed patient charts, 827 were organ transplant recipients while 511 had no record of a transplant, and 12 were equivocal. Most patients with only 1 or 2 transplant codes did not have a transplant. The most common reasons for being labeled a nontransplant patient were the lack of data (229/511, 44.8%) or the patient being evaluated for an organ transplant (174/511, 34.1%). All 3 machine learning algorithms identified OTRs with overall >90% positive predictive value and >88% sensitivity. Electronic health records linked to biobanks are increasingly used to conduct large-scale studies but have not been well-utilized in organ transplantation research. We present rigorously evaluated methods for phenotyping OTRs from electronic health records that will enable the use of the full spectrum of clinical data in transplant research. Using several different machine learning algorithms, we were able to identify transplant cases with high accuracy by using only ICD and CPT codes.
Studies involving organ transplant recipients (OTRs) are often limited to the variables collected in the national Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients database. Electronic health records contain additional variables that can augment this data source if OTRs can be identified accurately.BACKGROUNDStudies involving organ transplant recipients (OTRs) are often limited to the variables collected in the national Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients database. Electronic health records contain additional variables that can augment this data source if OTRs can be identified accurately.The aim of this study was to develop phenotyping algorithms to identify OTRs from electronic health records.OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to develop phenotyping algorithms to identify OTRs from electronic health records.We used Vanderbilt's deidentified version of its electronic health record database, which contains nearly 3 million subjects, to develop algorithms to identify OTRs. We identified all 19,817 individuals with at least one International Classification of Diseases (ICD) or Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code for organ transplantation. We performed a chart review on 1350 randomly selected individuals to determine the transplant status. We constructed machine learning models to calculate positive predictive values and sensitivity for combinations of codes by using classification and regression trees, random forest, and extreme gradient boosting algorithms.METHODSWe used Vanderbilt's deidentified version of its electronic health record database, which contains nearly 3 million subjects, to develop algorithms to identify OTRs. We identified all 19,817 individuals with at least one International Classification of Diseases (ICD) or Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code for organ transplantation. We performed a chart review on 1350 randomly selected individuals to determine the transplant status. We constructed machine learning models to calculate positive predictive values and sensitivity for combinations of codes by using classification and regression trees, random forest, and extreme gradient boosting algorithms.Of the 1350 reviewed patient charts, 827 were organ transplant recipients while 511 had no record of a transplant, and 12 were equivocal. Most patients with only 1 or 2 transplant codes did not have a transplant. The most common reasons for being labeled a nontransplant patient were the lack of data (229/511, 44.8%) or the patient being evaluated for an organ transplant (174/511, 34.1%). All 3 machine learning algorithms identified OTRs with overall >90% positive predictive value and >88% sensitivity.RESULTSOf the 1350 reviewed patient charts, 827 were organ transplant recipients while 511 had no record of a transplant, and 12 were equivocal. Most patients with only 1 or 2 transplant codes did not have a transplant. The most common reasons for being labeled a nontransplant patient were the lack of data (229/511, 44.8%) or the patient being evaluated for an organ transplant (174/511, 34.1%). All 3 machine learning algorithms identified OTRs with overall >90% positive predictive value and >88% sensitivity.Electronic health records linked to biobanks are increasingly used to conduct large-scale studies but have not been well-utilized in organ transplantation research. We present rigorously evaluated methods for phenotyping OTRs from electronic health records that will enable the use of the full spectrum of clinical data in transplant research. Using several different machine learning algorithms, we were able to identify transplant cases with high accuracy by using only ICD and CPT codes.CONCLUSIONSElectronic health records linked to biobanks are increasingly used to conduct large-scale studies but have not been well-utilized in organ transplantation research. We present rigorously evaluated methods for phenotyping OTRs from electronic health records that will enable the use of the full spectrum of clinical data in transplant research. Using several different machine learning algorithms, we were able to identify transplant cases with high accuracy by using only ICD and CPT codes.
BackgroundStudies involving organ transplant recipients (OTRs) are often limited to the variables collected in the national Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients database. Electronic health records contain additional variables that can augment this data source if OTRs can be identified accurately. ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to develop phenotyping algorithms to identify OTRs from electronic health records. MethodsWe used Vanderbilt’s deidentified version of its electronic health record database, which contains nearly 3 million subjects, to develop algorithms to identify OTRs. We identified all 19,817 individuals with at least one International Classification of Diseases (ICD) or Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code for organ transplantation. We performed a chart review on 1350 randomly selected individuals to determine the transplant status. We constructed machine learning models to calculate positive predictive values and sensitivity for combinations of codes by using classification and regression trees, random forest, and extreme gradient boosting algorithms. ResultsOf the 1350 reviewed patient charts, 827 were organ transplant recipients while 511 had no record of a transplant, and 12 were equivocal. Most patients with only 1 or 2 transplant codes did not have a transplant. The most common reasons for being labeled a nontransplant patient were the lack of data (229/511, 44.8%) or the patient being evaluated for an organ transplant (174/511, 34.1%). All 3 machine learning algorithms identified OTRs with overall >90% positive predictive value and >88% sensitivity. ConclusionsElectronic health records linked to biobanks are increasingly used to conduct large-scale studies but have not been well-utilized in organ transplantation research. We present rigorously evaluated methods for phenotyping OTRs from electronic health records that will enable the use of the full spectrum of clinical data in transplant research. Using several different machine learning algorithms, we were able to identify transplant cases with high accuracy by using only ICD and CPT codes.
Background: Studies involving organ transplant recipients (OTRs) are often limited to the variables collected in the national Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients database. Electronic health records contain additional variables that can augment this data source if OTRs can be identified accurately. Objective: The aim of this study was to develop phenotyping algorithms to identify OTRs from electronic health records. Methods: We used Vanderbilt’s deidentified version of its electronic health record database, which contains nearly 3 million subjects, to develop algorithms to identify OTRs. We identified all 19,817 individuals with at least one International Classification of Diseases (ICD) or Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code for organ transplantation. We performed a chart review on 1350 randomly selected individuals to determine the transplant status. We constructed machine learning models to calculate positive predictive values and sensitivity for combinations of codes by using classification and regression trees, random forest, and extreme gradient boosting algorithms. Results: Of the 1350 reviewed patient charts, 827 were organ transplant recipients while 511 had no record of a transplant, and 12 were equivocal. Most patients with only 1 or 2 transplant codes did not have a transplant. The most common reasons for being labeled a nontransplant patient were the lack of data (229/511, 44.8%) or the patient being evaluated for an organ transplant (174/511, 34.1%). All 3 machine learning algorithms identified OTRs with overall >90% positive predictive value and >88% sensitivity. Conclusions: Electronic health records linked to biobanks are increasingly used to conduct large-scale studies but have not been well-utilized in organ transplantation research. We present rigorously evaluated methods for phenotyping OTRs from electronic health records that will enable the use of the full spectrum of clinical data in transplant research. Using several different machine learning algorithms, we were able to identify transplant cases with high accuracy by using only ICD and CPT codes.
Author Chren, Mary-Margaret
Hanlon, Allison
Baker, Laura
Edwards, LaVar
Anand, Nimay
Wheless, Lee
Birdwell, Kelly
AuthorAffiliation 3 Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Department of Medicine Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN United States
1 Department of Dermatology Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN United States
2 Meharry Medical College Nashville, TN United States
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– name: 3 Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Department of Medicine Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN United States
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BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33156808$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Copyright Lee Wheless, Laura Baker, LaVar Edwards, Nimay Anand, Kelly Birdwell, Allison Hanlon, Mary-Margaret Chren. Originally published in JMIR Medical Informatics (http://medinform.jmir.org), 10.12.2020.
2020. This work is licensed under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
Lee Wheless, Laura Baker, LaVar Edwards, Nimay Anand, Kelly Birdwell, Allison Hanlon, Mary-Margaret Chren. Originally published in JMIR Medical Informatics (http://medinform.jmir.org), 10.12.2020. 2020
Copyright_xml – notice: Lee Wheless, Laura Baker, LaVar Edwards, Nimay Anand, Kelly Birdwell, Allison Hanlon, Mary-Margaret Chren. Originally published in JMIR Medical Informatics (http://medinform.jmir.org), 10.12.2020.
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– notice: Lee Wheless, Laura Baker, LaVar Edwards, Nimay Anand, Kelly Birdwell, Allison Hanlon, Mary-Margaret Chren. Originally published in JMIR Medical Informatics (http://medinform.jmir.org), 10.12.2020. 2020
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Issue 12
Keywords electronic health record
phenotyping
organ transplant recipients
Language English
License Lee Wheless, Laura Baker, LaVar Edwards, Nimay Anand, Kelly Birdwell, Allison Hanlon, Mary-Margaret Chren. Originally published in JMIR Medical Informatics (http://medinform.jmir.org), 10.12.2020.
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Snippet Studies involving organ transplant recipients (OTRs) are often limited to the variables collected in the national Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients...
Background: Studies involving organ transplant recipients (OTRs) are often limited to the variables collected in the national Scientific Registry of Transplant...
BackgroundStudies involving organ transplant recipients (OTRs) are often limited to the variables collected in the national Scientific Registry of Transplant...
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SubjectTerms Algorithms
Blood & organ donations
Bone marrow
Classification
Codes
Cohort analysis
Documentation
Electronic health records
Laboratories
Lung transplants
Original Paper
Patients
Stem cells
Terminology
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Title Development of Phenotyping Algorithms for the Identification of Organ Transplant Recipients: Cohort Study
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33156808
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