Antifungal Drugs

We reviewed the licensed antifungal drugs and summarized their mechanisms of action, pharmacological profiles, and susceptibility to specific fungi. Approved antimycotics inhibit 1,3-β-d-glucan synthase, lanosterol 14-α-demethylase, protein, and deoxyribonucleic acid biosynthesis, or sequestrate erg...

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Veröffentlicht in:Metabolites Jg. 10; H. 3; S. 106
Hauptverfasser: Houšť, Jiří, Spížek, Jaroslav, Havlíček, Vladimír
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Switzerland MDPI 12.03.2020
MDPI AG
Schlagworte:
amphotericin b
antifungal drugs
echinocandins
flucytosine
invasive fungal infections
resistance
Review
siderophores
triazoles
flucytosine
invasive fungal infections
echinocandins
triazoles
amphotericin B
antifungal drugs
siderophores
resistance
ISSN:2218-1989, 2218-1989
Online-Zugang:Volltext
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Beschreibung
Zusammenfassung:We reviewed the licensed antifungal drugs and summarized their mechanisms of action, pharmacological profiles, and susceptibility to specific fungi. Approved antimycotics inhibit 1,3-β-d-glucan synthase, lanosterol 14-α-demethylase, protein, and deoxyribonucleic acid biosynthesis, or sequestrate ergosterol. Their most severe side effects are hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and myelotoxicity. Whereas triazoles exhibit the most significant drug–drug interactions, echinocandins exhibit almost none. The antifungal resistance may be developed across most pathogens and includes drug target overexpression, efflux pump activation, and amino acid substitution. The experimental antifungal drugs in clinical trials are also reviewed. Siderophores in the Trojan horse approach or the application of siderophore biosynthesis enzyme inhibitors represent the most promising emerging antifungal therapies.
Bibliographie:ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
ObjectType-Review-3
content type line 23
ISSN:2218-1989
2218-1989
DOI:10.3390/metabo10030106