When and why incentives (don't) work to modify behavior

First we discuss how extrinsic incentives may come into conflict with other motivations. For example, monetary incentives from principals may change how tasks are perceived by agents, with negative effects on behavior. In other cases, incentives might have the desired effects in the short term, but...

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Podrobná bibliografie
Vydáno v:	The Journal of economic perspectives Ročník 25; číslo 4; s. 191 - 210
Hlavní autoři:	Gneezy, Uri, Meier, Stephan, Rey-Biel, Pedro
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	Nashville American Economic Association 01.10.2011
Témata:	Academic achievement Anreizsystem Arbeitsanreiz Arbeitsleistung Arbeitsmotivation Behavior Behavior modification Bildungsertrag Bildungsmotivation Blood & organ donations Change agents Cigarette smoking College professors Economic behaviour Economic incentives Economic motivation Economic theory Education Educational incentives Financial incentives Gesundheitsverhalten Habitual behavior Habitus Human behaviour Incentives Intrinsic motivation Job performance Lebensweise Leistungsmotivation Life styles Monetary incentives Motivation Perceptions Principals Public goods Reading Reading acquisition Reziprozität School attendance Short term Smoking Smoking cessation Soziales Verhalten Students Studies Unemployment Utility functions Verhaltenstheorie Verhaltensänderung
ISSN:	0895-3309, 1944-7965
On-line přístup:	Získat plný text
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Popis
Shrnutí:	First we discuss how extrinsic incentives may come into conflict with other motivations. For example, monetary incentives from principals may change how tasks are perceived by agents, with negative effects on behavior. In other cases, incentives might have the desired effects in the short term, but they still weaken intrinsic motivations. To put it in concrete terms, an incentive for a child to learn to read might achieve that goal in the short term, but then be counterproductive as an incentive for students to enjoy reading and seek it out over their lifetimes. Next we examine the research literature on three important examples in which monetary incentives have been used in a nonemployment context to foster the desired behavior: education; increasing contributions to public goods; and helping people change their lifestyles, particularly with regard to smoking and exercise. The conclusion sums up some lessons on when extrinsic incentives are more or less likely to alter such behaviors in the desired directions.
Bibliografie:	SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 14 ObjectType-Article-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0895-3309 1944-7965
DOI:	10.1257/jep.25.4.191