Cardiac Optogenetics: 2018
Cardiac optogenetics is an emergent research area involving the delivery of light-sensitive proteins (opsins) to excitable heart tissue to enable optical modulation of cardiac electrical function. Optogenetic stimulation has many noteworthy advantages over conventional electrical methods, including...
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| Published in: | JACC. Clinical electrophysiology Vol. 4; no. 2; p. 155 |
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| Main Authors: | , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
United States
01.02.2018
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| Subjects: | |
| ISSN: | 2405-5018, 2405-5018 |
| Online Access: | Get more information |
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| Abstract | Cardiac optogenetics is an emergent research area involving the delivery of light-sensitive proteins (opsins) to excitable heart tissue to enable optical modulation of cardiac electrical function. Optogenetic stimulation has many noteworthy advantages over conventional electrical methods, including selective electrophysiological modulation in specifically targeted cell subpopulations, high-resolution spatiotemporal control via patterned illumination, and use of different opsins to elicit inward or outward transmembrane current. This review summarizes developments achieved since the inception of cardiac optogenetics research, which has spanned nearly a decade. The authors first provide an overview of recent methodological advances in opsin engineering, light sensitization of cardiac tissue, strategies for illuminating the heart, and frameworks for simulating optogenetics in realistic computational models of patient hearts. They then review recent cardiac optogenetics applications, including: 1) all-optical, high-throughput, contactless assays for quantification of electrophysiological properties; 2) optogenetic perturbation of cardiac tissue to unveil mechanistic insights on the initiation, perpetuation, and termination of arrhythmia; and 3) disruptive translational innovations such as light-based pacemaking and defibrillation. |
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| AbstractList | Cardiac optogenetics is an emergent research area involving the delivery of light-sensitive proteins (opsins) to excitable heart tissue to enable optical modulation of cardiac electrical function. Optogenetic stimulation has many noteworthy advantages over conventional electrical methods, including selective electrophysiological modulation in specifically targeted cell subpopulations, high-resolution spatiotemporal control via patterned illumination, and use of different opsins to elicit inward or outward transmembrane current. This review summarizes developments achieved since the inception of cardiac optogenetics research, which has spanned nearly a decade. The authors first provide an overview of recent methodological advances in opsin engineering, light sensitization of cardiac tissue, strategies for illuminating the heart, and frameworks for simulating optogenetics in realistic computational models of patient hearts. They then review recent cardiac optogenetics applications, including: 1) all-optical, high-throughput, contactless assays for quantification of electrophysiological properties; 2) optogenetic perturbation of cardiac tissue to unveil mechanistic insights on the initiation, perpetuation, and termination of arrhythmia; and 3) disruptive translational innovations such as light-based pacemaking and defibrillation.Cardiac optogenetics is an emergent research area involving the delivery of light-sensitive proteins (opsins) to excitable heart tissue to enable optical modulation of cardiac electrical function. Optogenetic stimulation has many noteworthy advantages over conventional electrical methods, including selective electrophysiological modulation in specifically targeted cell subpopulations, high-resolution spatiotemporal control via patterned illumination, and use of different opsins to elicit inward or outward transmembrane current. This review summarizes developments achieved since the inception of cardiac optogenetics research, which has spanned nearly a decade. The authors first provide an overview of recent methodological advances in opsin engineering, light sensitization of cardiac tissue, strategies for illuminating the heart, and frameworks for simulating optogenetics in realistic computational models of patient hearts. They then review recent cardiac optogenetics applications, including: 1) all-optical, high-throughput, contactless assays for quantification of electrophysiological properties; 2) optogenetic perturbation of cardiac tissue to unveil mechanistic insights on the initiation, perpetuation, and termination of arrhythmia; and 3) disruptive translational innovations such as light-based pacemaking and defibrillation. Cardiac optogenetics is an emergent research area involving the delivery of light-sensitive proteins (opsins) to excitable heart tissue to enable optical modulation of cardiac electrical function. Optogenetic stimulation has many noteworthy advantages over conventional electrical methods, including selective electrophysiological modulation in specifically targeted cell subpopulations, high-resolution spatiotemporal control via patterned illumination, and use of different opsins to elicit inward or outward transmembrane current. This review summarizes developments achieved since the inception of cardiac optogenetics research, which has spanned nearly a decade. The authors first provide an overview of recent methodological advances in opsin engineering, light sensitization of cardiac tissue, strategies for illuminating the heart, and frameworks for simulating optogenetics in realistic computational models of patient hearts. They then review recent cardiac optogenetics applications, including: 1) all-optical, high-throughput, contactless assays for quantification of electrophysiological properties; 2) optogenetic perturbation of cardiac tissue to unveil mechanistic insights on the initiation, perpetuation, and termination of arrhythmia; and 3) disruptive translational innovations such as light-based pacemaking and defibrillation. |
| Author | Trayanova, Natalia A Boyle, Patrick M Karathanos, Thomas V |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Patrick M surname: Boyle fullname: Boyle, Patrick M email: pmjboyle@jhu.edu organization: Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Institute for Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland. Electronic address: pmjboyle@jhu.edu – sequence: 2 givenname: Thomas V surname: Karathanos fullname: Karathanos, Thomas V organization: Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Institute for Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland – sequence: 3 givenname: Natalia A surname: Trayanova fullname: Trayanova, Natalia A email: ntrayanova@jhu.edu organization: Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Institute for Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland. Electronic address: ntrayanova@jhu.edu |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29749932$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Copyright | Copyright © 2018 American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
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| Keywords | re-entry cardiotoxicity screening defibrillation multiscale computational modeling arrhythmia pacemaking cardiac optogenetics |
| Language | English |
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| Title | Cardiac Optogenetics: 2018 |
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