Challenges to DNA replication in hypoxic conditions
The term hypoxia refers to any condition where insufficient oxygen is available and therefore encompasses a range of actual oxygen concentrations. The regions of tumours adjacent to necrotic areas are at almost anoxic levels and are known to be extremely therapy resistant (radiobiological hypoxia)....
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The FEBS journal Jg. 285; H. 9; S. 1563 - 1571 |
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| Format: | Journal Article |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
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England
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
01.05.2018
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| ISSN: | 1742-464X, 1742-4658, 1742-4658 |
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| Abstract | The term hypoxia refers to any condition where insufficient oxygen is available and therefore encompasses a range of actual oxygen concentrations. The regions of tumours adjacent to necrotic areas are at almost anoxic levels and are known to be extremely therapy resistant (radiobiological hypoxia). The biological response to radiobiological hypoxia includes the rapid accumulation of replication stress and subsequent DNA damage response, including both ATR‐ and ATM‐mediated signalling, despite the absence of detectable DNA damage. The causes and consequences of hypoxia‐induced replication stress will be discussed.
Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) is a key enzyme required for the synthesis of nucleotides for subsequent incorporation into DNA. In hypoxic (low oxygen) conditions, the composition of RNR is altered to include a stress specific subunit, RRM2B. RRM2B is adapted to function in hypoxic conditions and therefore continue the synthesis of nucleotides. |
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| AbstractList | The term hypoxia refers to any condition where insufficient oxygen is available and therefore encompasses a range of actual oxygen concentrations. The regions of tumours adjacent to necrotic areas are at almost anoxic levels and are known to be extremely therapy resistant (radiobiological hypoxia). The biological response to radiobiological hypoxia includes the rapid accumulation of replication stress and subsequent DNA damage response, including both ATR- and ATM-mediated signalling, despite the absence of detectable DNA damage. The causes and consequences of hypoxia-induced replication stress will be discussed.The term hypoxia refers to any condition where insufficient oxygen is available and therefore encompasses a range of actual oxygen concentrations. The regions of tumours adjacent to necrotic areas are at almost anoxic levels and are known to be extremely therapy resistant (radiobiological hypoxia). The biological response to radiobiological hypoxia includes the rapid accumulation of replication stress and subsequent DNA damage response, including both ATR- and ATM-mediated signalling, despite the absence of detectable DNA damage. The causes and consequences of hypoxia-induced replication stress will be discussed. The term hypoxia refers to any condition where insufficient oxygen is available and therefore encompasses a range of actual oxygen concentrations. The regions of tumours adjacent to necrotic areas are at almost anoxic levels and are known to be extremely therapy resistant (radiobiological hypoxia). The biological response to radiobiological hypoxia includes the rapid accumulation of replication stress and subsequent DNA damage response, including both ATR‐ and ATM‐mediated signalling, despite the absence of detectable DNA damage. The causes and consequences of hypoxia‐induced replication stress will be discussed. The term hypoxia refers to any condition where insufficient oxygen is available and therefore encompasses a range of actual oxygen concentrations. The regions of tumours adjacent to necrotic areas are at almost anoxic levels and are known to be extremely therapy resistant (radiobiological hypoxia). The biological response to radiobiological hypoxia includes the rapid accumulation of replication stress and subsequent DNA damage response, including both ATR‐ and ATM‐mediated signalling, despite the absence of detectable DNA damage. The causes and consequences of hypoxia‐induced replication stress will be discussed. Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) is a key enzyme required for the synthesis of nucleotides for subsequent incorporation into DNA. In hypoxic (low oxygen) conditions, the composition of RNR is altered to include a stress specific subunit, RRM2B. RRM2B is adapted to function in hypoxic conditions and therefore continue the synthesis of nucleotides. |
| Author | Purshouse, Karin Ng, Natalie Foskolou, Iosifina P. Hammond, Ester M. Olcina, Monica M. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Natalie surname: Ng fullname: Ng, Natalie organization: University of Oxford – sequence: 2 givenname: Karin surname: Purshouse fullname: Purshouse, Karin organization: University of Oxford – sequence: 3 givenname: Iosifina P. surname: Foskolou fullname: Foskolou, Iosifina P. organization: University of Oxford – sequence: 4 givenname: Monica M. surname: Olcina fullname: Olcina, Monica M. organization: Stanford University – sequence: 5 givenname: Ester M. orcidid: 0000-0002-2335-3146 surname: Hammond fullname: Hammond, Ester M. email: ester.hammond@oncology.ox.ac.uk organization: University of Oxford |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29288533$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Keywords | hypoxia ribonucleotide reductase replication stress reoxygenation DNA damage response replication restart |
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| Snippet | The term hypoxia refers to any condition where insufficient oxygen is available and therefore encompasses a range of actual oxygen concentrations. The regions... |
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| SubjectTerms | anaerobic conditions Animals Cell Cycle Proteins - physiology Cell Hypoxia - physiology Damage accumulation Damage detection Deoxyribonucleic acid Deoxyribonucleotides - metabolism DNA DNA biosynthesis DNA Damage DNA damage response DNA Repair DNA replication DNA Replication - drug effects DNA-Binding Proteins - physiology Humans Hypoxia neoplasms Neoplasms - genetics Oxygen Oxygen - pharmacology reoxygenation Replication replication restart replication stress ribonucleotide reductase Ribonucleotide Reductases - metabolism Stress, Physiological - genetics therapeutics Tumor Microenvironment Tumors |
| Title | Challenges to DNA replication in hypoxic conditions |
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