Macrophage Polarization States in the Tumor Microenvironment

The M1/M2 macrophage paradigm plays a key role in tumor progression. M1 macrophages are historically regarded as anti-tumor, while M2-polarized macrophages, commonly deemed tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), are contributors to many pro-tumorigenic outcomes in cancer through angiogenic and lymphan...

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Veröffentlicht in:International journal of molecular sciences Jg. 22; H. 13; S. 6995
Hauptverfasser: Boutilier, Ava J., Elsawa, Sherine F.
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Basel MDPI AG 29.06.2021
MDPI
Schlagworte:
Angiogenesis
Antigens
Apoptosis
Cell cycle
Cell growth
Chemokines
Cytokines
Gene expression
Genotype & phenotype
Hypoxia
Infections
Inflammation
Kinases
Ligands
Neutrophils
Nitric oxide
Physiology
Review
Vascular endothelial growth factor
Wound healing
ISSN:1422-0067, 1661-6596, 1422-0067
Online-Zugang:Volltext
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Zusammenfassung:The M1/M2 macrophage paradigm plays a key role in tumor progression. M1 macrophages are historically regarded as anti-tumor, while M2-polarized macrophages, commonly deemed tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), are contributors to many pro-tumorigenic outcomes in cancer through angiogenic and lymphangiogenic regulation, immune suppression, hypoxia induction, tumor cell proliferation, and metastasis. The tumor microenvironment (TME) can influence macrophage recruitment and polarization, giving way to these pro-tumorigenic outcomes. Investigating TME-induced macrophage polarization is critical for further understanding of TAM-related pro-tumor outcomes and potential development of new therapeutic approaches. This review explores the current understanding of TME-induced macrophage polarization and the role of M2-polarized macrophages in promoting tumor progression.
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ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms22136995